聚脲的制备及性能研究
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摘要
利用异氰酸酯和聚醚氨通过快速混合生成聚脲,具有工艺环保、性能稳定的优点。考察了聚醚氨种类和聚醚氨配比对聚脲固化速度和性能的影响,并对黏度和力学性能进行测试。通过红外光谱、扫描电镜、热重和电化学工作站(EIS、Tafel)等方法对聚脲形貌结构进行表征和对耐腐蚀性能进行测试。结果表明:当以聚醚氨(重均分子量Mw=2000)、聚醚多元胺(Mw=5000)、环氧树脂固化剂(Mw=400)、二乙基甲苯二胺(Mw=100)和N,N-二烷基甲基二胺(Mw=6200)为原料、质量比为2.6∶1.4∶2∶1.8∶2.2时得到的聚脲固化速度最快、热稳定性良好、成膜连续外观光亮、硬度大于邵氏硬度50D、拉伸强度大于20MPa、断裂伸长率大于245%、撕裂强度大于20/(kN·m)、涂覆聚脲的板具有优良的耐腐蚀性。
Using isocyanate and polyurethane to produce polyurethane by rapid mixing has the advantages of environmental protection and stable performance.The effects of the type of polyurethane and the ratio of polyurethane on curing speed and properties of polyurethane,as well as the determination of viscosity and mechanical properties were investigated.The morphological structure and corrosion resistance of polyurea were tested by FT-IR,SEM,TGA,electrochemical workstation(EIS,Tafel).The results showed that,When polyether ammonia(Mw=2000),polyether polyamine(Mw =5000),epoxy resin curing agent(Mw =400),diethyl toluene diamine(Mw =100),N,N-dialkyl methyl diamine(Mw=6200)used as raw materials,the curing speed of polyurea obtained by the mass ratio of 2.6∶1.4∶2∶1.8∶2.2 was the fastest,the thermal stability was good,film forming continuous appearance was bright,the hardness was greater than shaoshi 50 D,the tensile strength was greater than 20 MPa,breaking elongation was greater than 245%,and tearing strength was greater than 20/(kN·m).The plate coated with polyurea had excellent corrosion resistance.
Using isocyanate and polyurethane to produce polyurethane by rapid mixing has the advantages of environmental protection and stable performance.The effects of the type of polyurethane and the ratio of polyurethane on curing speed and properties of polyurethane,as well as the determination of viscosity and mechanical properties were investigated.The morphological structure and corrosion resistance of polyurea were tested by FT-IR,SEM,TGA,electrochemical workstation(EIS,Tafel).The results showed that,When polyether ammonia(Mw=2000),polyether polyamine(Mw =5000),epoxy resin curing agent(Mw =400),diethyl toluene diamine(Mw =100),N,N-dialkyl methyl diamine(Mw=6200)used as raw materials,the curing speed of polyurea obtained by the mass ratio of 2.6∶1.4∶2∶1.8∶2.2 was the fastest,the thermal stability was good,film forming continuous appearance was bright,the hardness was greater than shaoshi 50 D,the tensile strength was greater than 20 MPa,breaking elongation was greater than 245%,and tearing strength was greater than 20/(kN·m).The plate coated with polyurea had excellent corrosion resistance.
引文
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[2]Li N,Ye G,Wang X G.Hollow microspheres of amphiphilic azo homopolymers self-assembly and photoinduced deformation behavior[J].Chem Commun,2011,47(16):4757-4759.
[3]张燕,邓智平,刘朝辉,等.喷涂聚脲弹性体在军事永久工程防腐中的应用[J].表面技术,2012,(4):110-112.
[4]Sui Yaguang,Zhang Dezhi,Tang Shiying,et al.Theoretical analysis of a reactive reinforcement method for cylindrical explosion-containment vessels[J].Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology,2015,137(1):6-11.
[5]Shukla P G,Jagtap S B,Biradar S C,et al.Preparation and characterization of microcapsules containing industrially important reactive water-soluble polyamine[J].Colloid and Polymer Science,2016,294(12):2039-2050.
[6]Huang T C,Yeh L C,Lai G H,et al.Electroactive polyurea/CNT composite-based electrode for detection of vitamin C[J].Express Polymer Letters,2016,10(6):450-461.
[7]Wazarkar K,Kathalewar M,Sabnis A.High performance polyurea coatings based on cardanoL[J].Progress in Organic Coatings,2017,106:96-110.
[8]Hannes Alex,Patrick Loos,Todor Baramov,et al.Polymer encapsulated cobalt based catalysts(Co EnCatTM)for selective continuous hydrogenation of 1-iodo-4-nitrobenzene[J].Chem Cat Chem,2017,9(16):3210-3217.
[9]林鹏,孟令辉,黄玉东,等.聚脲多孔材料的制备及性能研究[J].化学与粘合,2016(6):402-404,423.
[10]胡兴兰,刘会成,王新征.无溶剂聚脲涂料的设计与研究[J].涂料工业,2015,45(10):21-24.
[11]陆少锋,申天伟,宋庆文,等.柔性聚脲壳体微胶囊相变材料的制备与表征[J].化工新型材料,2017,45(8):75-77.
[12]Shen Zujian,Geng Fei,Fan Xinxin,et al.Effect of preparation process on elevated temperature tribological properties of composite polyurea grease[J].Industrial Lubrication and Tribology,2016,68(5):611-616.
[13]Lu Shaofeng,Shen Tianwei,Xing Jianwei,et al.Preparation,characterization,and thermal stability of double-composition shell microencapsulated phase change material by interfacial polymerization[J].Colloid and Polymer Science,2017,295(10):2061-2067.
[14]Grujicic M,Ramaswami S,Snipes J S,et al.Experimental and computational investigations of the potential improvement in helmet blast-protection through the use of a polyurea-based external coating[J].Multidiscipline Modeling in Materials and Structures,2016,12(1):33-72.
[15]贾海艳.高速铁路桥面聚脲防水层的病害分析与防治[J].四川建材,2016,42(2):192-194.
[16]陈聪,徐轶凡.聚脲防水涂层在大型沉管工程中的应用[J].中国港湾建设,2016,36(7):18-20.
[17]王姗,叶梦醒,王镠旸,等.聚脲涂饰剂在棉织物中的应用[J].印染,2017(18):28-30.
[18]夏宏伟,魏宇宸.聚脲在水工混凝土表面修补施工中的应用[J].黑龙江水利科技,2018,46(4):198-200.
[19]Mott P H,Giller C B,Fragiadakis D,et al.Deformation of polyurea:where does the energy go?[J].Polymer,2016,105(10):227-233.
[20]Samulionis V,SvirskasˇS,Banys J,et al.Ultrasonic and dielectric studies of polyurea elastomer composites with inorganic nanoparticles[J].Ferroelectrics,2015,479(1):67-75.
[21]Ichiura H,Yamamoto K,Ohtani Y.Polyurea films prepared by interfacial polymerization on a paper surface:sustained release of N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide[J].Polymer Bulletin,2015,72(10):2621-2632.
[22]张姚,赵迪,焦鑫,等.以聚脲为囊壁薄荷素油微胶囊的制备及表征[J].高分子学报,2016(1):46-52.