凹六面体CuPt纳米粒子的制备及其甲醇电催化性能
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摘要
凹六面体CuPt合金纳米粒子有比一般八面体,四面体等纳米合金粒子更大的表面积,比纯的Pt纳米粒子更高的性能稳定性。本文用水热法在简单的条件下制备独特的凹六面体CuPt合金纳米粒子。通过STEM、TEM、X射线衍射,X射线光电子谱等研究手段对所制备的CuPt粒子的结构进行表征,结果表明该样品是粒径约为30 nm的均匀凹六面体粒子,由CuPt合金和Pt单质组成。通过对其甲醇电催化氧化性能的研究,发现该凹六面体CuPt合金纳米粒子的质量活性是商业Pt/C催化剂的12倍,且表现出更优异的抗毒化性能,具有潜在的燃料电池阳极催化的应用前景。
Compared to regular octahedron and tetrahedron Pt-alloy nanoparticles, concave hexahedron CuPt alloy nanoparticles have larger surface area. Moreover, the incorporation of Cu atoms allows it exhibits higher stability under harsh environment. In this paper, unique concave hexahedron CuPt alloy nanoparticles were prepared through a facial hydrothermal method. The structures were characterized by scanning electron microscope(SEM), transmission electron microscope(TEM), scanning transmission electron microscopy-high angle annular dark field(STEM-HAADF), X-ray diffraction(XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS). The results show that the sample is concave hexahedron uniform particles with size of about 30 nm. The as-prepared CuPt/C catalyst exhibits 12 times catalytic activity than commercial Pt/C towards methanol oxidation and presents excellent poison resistance which can prove it to be a potential anode catalyst for fuel cell.
Compared to regular octahedron and tetrahedron Pt-alloy nanoparticles, concave hexahedron CuPt alloy nanoparticles have larger surface area. Moreover, the incorporation of Cu atoms allows it exhibits higher stability under harsh environment. In this paper, unique concave hexahedron CuPt alloy nanoparticles were prepared through a facial hydrothermal method. The structures were characterized by scanning electron microscope(SEM), transmission electron microscope(TEM), scanning transmission electron microscopy-high angle annular dark field(STEM-HAADF), X-ray diffraction(XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS). The results show that the sample is concave hexahedron uniform particles with size of about 30 nm. The as-prepared CuPt/C catalyst exhibits 12 times catalytic activity than commercial Pt/C towards methanol oxidation and presents excellent poison resistance which can prove it to be a potential anode catalyst for fuel cell.
引文
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[3]UMARR A A,RAHMI E,BALOUCHH A,et al.Highlyreactive Ag Pt nanofern composed of 001-Faceted nanopyramidal spikes for enhanced heterogeneous photocatalysis application[J].J Mater Chem A Mater Energy Sustain,2014,2(41):17655-17665.
[4]HUANG X,CHEN Y,ZHU E,et al,Monodisperse Cu@Pt Cu nanocrystals and their conversion into hollow-Pt Cu nanostructures for methanol oxidation[J].J Mater Chem A,2013,1(46):14449-14454.
[5]ZHANG L,CHEN D Q,JIANG Z Y,et al.Facile syntheses and enhanced electrocatalytic activities of Pt nanocrystals with{hkk}high-index surfaces[J].Nano Res,2012,5(3):181-189.
[6]YU X,WANG D,PENG Q,et al.High performance electrocatalyst:Pt-Cu hollow nanocrystals[J].Chemical Communication,2011,47:8094-8096.
[7]XIONG K,YU W,CHEN J G,et al.Chemlnform abstract:Reaction pathways of biomass-derived oxygenates over metals and carbides:From model surfaces to supported catalysts[J].Chemcatchem,2015,46(26):1402-1421.
[8]LI B Q,HU L L,NIU S,et al.Synthesis of Pt3Sn alloy nanoparticles and their catalysis for electro-oxidation of CO and methanol[J].Journal of Proteomics,2012,75(5):1654-1665.
[9]ZHOU K B,LY.Catalysis based on nanocrystals with welldefined facets[J].Angewandte Chemie,2012,51(3):602.
[10]JIANG L,REFAEL Luque,XU G B.Recent advances in the sythesis and electrocataiytic applications of platinum-based bimetallic alloy[J].Chemcatchem,2016,46(50):3206-3228.
[11]JIANGY Q,JIA Y Y,ZHANG J W,et al.Underpotential deposition-induced synthesis of composition-tunable Pt@Cu nanocrystals and their catalytic properties[J].Chemistry-A European Journal,2013,19(9):3119.
[12]LIU X W,WANG D S,LI Y D.Synthesis and catalytic properties of bimetallic nanomaterials with various architectures[J].Nano Today,2012,7(15):448-466.
[13]YIN A X,MIN X Q,ZHU W,et al.Pt-Cu and Pt-Pd-Cu concave nanocubes with high-index facets and superior electrocatalytic activity[J].Chemistry,2012,18(3):777.
[14]WANG M,ZHANG W,WANG J,et al.Mesoporous hollow Pt Cu nanoparticles for electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry A,2013,1(7):2391-2394.
[15]KUANG Y,CAI Z,ZHANG Y,et al.Ultrathin dendritic Pt3Cu triangular pyramid caps with enhanced electrocatalytic activity[J].Acs Applied Materials&Interfaces,2014,6(20):17748.
[16]QUAN Z W,WANG Y X,FANG J Y.Correction to high-index faceted noble metal nanocrystals[J].Acc Chem Res,2013,46(4):191.
[17]WU Y,WANG D S,NIU Z Q,et al.A Strategy for designing a concave Pt-Ni alloy through controllable chemical etching[J].Angew Chem,Int ed.2012,51(50):12524.
[18]ZHANG H,JIN M S,XIAY.Noble-metal nanocrystals with concave surfaces:Synthesis and applications[J].Angew Chem,2012,51(31):7656.
[19]XIA B Y,WU H B,WANG X,et al.One-Pot synthesis of cubic ptcu3 nanocages with enhanced electrocatalytic activity for the methanol oxidation reaction[J].J Am Chem Soc,2012,134(34):13934.
[20]WANG Y X,ZHOU H J,SUN P C,et al.Exceptional methanol electro-oxidation activity by bimetallic concave and dendritic Pt-Cu nanocrystals catalysts[J].J Power Sources,2014,245(1):663-670.