非均匀应力影响下巷道顶板破坏特征研究
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摘要
针对红庆梁煤矿回风大巷掘进过程中受非均匀应力影响,顶板出现台阶下沉和局部冒落等问题,借助地质雷达探测了巷道围岩松动圈的范围,利用离散元软件模拟巷道侧压变化,研究了非均匀应力对巷道围岩应力和变形破坏特征的影响,并提出了相应围岩条件的巷道支护对策。研究结果表明:受地应力非均匀分布影响,回风大巷围岩破坏范围不对称,顶板、南帮和北帮松动圈范围分别为1.7、2.0、1.2 m,稳定性随松动圈范围增大而降低;在断层作用下,顶板两侧呈现非均匀沉降,靠近非均匀应力一侧垂直位移和应力峰值明显增加,破坏深度和平均宽度分别增加了150%和117%;且顶板失稳冒落的时间提前,冒落范围扩大,变形破坏持续时间增加。
In view of the non-uniform stress during excavation process in the return air roadway of Hongqingliang Mine,the roof has problems such as roof bench convergence and local caving,the geological radar was used to detect the range of surrounding rock loose range,and the discrete element software was used to simulate on lateral pressure change of roadway. The effects of non-uniform stress on the surrounding rock stress distribution and deformation characteristics of the roadway were studied,and the roadway support countermeasures for the surrounding rock conditions were proposed. The results show that surrounding rock failure range is asymmetrical in main return air roadway due to the non-uniform distribution of ground stress. The range of roof,south and north gang loose ranges are 1.7,2.0 and 1.2 m respectively. The stability decreases as the range of loose ranges increases; under the action of non-uniform stress,the two roadway-sides of roof show the non-uniform settlement,the vertical displacement and stress peak near faults increase obviously,the failure depth and average width increase by 150% and 117% respectively; moreover,the roof falling is advanced and its range is expanded,the duration of deformation and failure also increases.
In view of the non-uniform stress during excavation process in the return air roadway of Hongqingliang Mine,the roof has problems such as roof bench convergence and local caving,the geological radar was used to detect the range of surrounding rock loose range,and the discrete element software was used to simulate on lateral pressure change of roadway. The effects of non-uniform stress on the surrounding rock stress distribution and deformation characteristics of the roadway were studied,and the roadway support countermeasures for the surrounding rock conditions were proposed. The results show that surrounding rock failure range is asymmetrical in main return air roadway due to the non-uniform distribution of ground stress. The range of roof,south and north gang loose ranges are 1.7,2.0 and 1.2 m respectively. The stability decreases as the range of loose ranges increases; under the action of non-uniform stress,the two roadway-sides of roof show the non-uniform settlement,the vertical displacement and stress peak near faults increase obviously,the failure depth and average width increase by 150% and 117% respectively; moreover,the roof falling is advanced and its range is expanded,the duration of deformation and failure also increases.
引文
[1]张广超.综放松软窄煤柱沿空巷道顶板不对称破坏机制与调控系统[D].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2017
[2]钱鸣高,石平五.矿山压力与岩层控制[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2010
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[4]SHARAN S K.Exact and approximate solutions for displacements around circular openings in elastic-brittle-plastic Hoek-Brown rock[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2005,42:542-549.
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[16]何满潮,王晓义,刘文涛,等.孔庄矿深部软岩巷道非对称变形数值模拟与控制对策研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(4):673-678.HE Manchao,WANG Xiaoyi,LIU Wentao,et al.Numerical simulation on asymmetric deformation of deep soft rock roadway in Kongzhuang Coal Mine[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(4):673-678.
[17]伍永平,翟锦,解盘石,等.基于地质雷达探测技术的巷道围岩松动圈测定[J].煤炭科学技术,2013,41(3):32-34,38.WU Yongping,ZHAI Jin,XIE Panshi,et al.Measurement of loosing circle in surrounding rock of gateway based on technology of geological radar detection[J].Coal Science and Technology,2013,41(3):32-34,38.
[18]李福胜,张春雷,张勇.地质雷达探测底板破坏深度的数值模拟研究[J].中国煤炭,2013,39(11):51-54.LI Fusheng,ZHANG Chunlei,ZHANG Yong.Numerical simulation research on damage depth of floor based on GPR detection[J].China Coal,2013,39(11):51-54.
[19]郭亮,李俊才,张志铖,等.地质雷达探测偏压隧道围岩松动圈的研究与应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(S1):3009-3015.GUO Liang,LI Juncai,ZHANG Zhicheng,et al.Research on surrounding rock loose zone tunnel under unsymmetrical loading with ground penetrating radar and its application[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(S1):3009-3015.
[20]周轮,李术才,许振浩,等.隧道施工期超前预报地质雷达异常干扰识别及处理[J].隧道建设,2016,36(12):1517-1522.ZHOU Lun,LI Shucai,XU Zhenhao,et al.Interpretation and treatment of interfering factors in advance geological prediction by ground penetrating radar of tunnel construction[J].Tunnel Construction,2016,36(12):1517-1522.
[2]钱鸣高,石平五.矿山压力与岩层控制[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2010
[3]HOEK E,BROWN E T.Practical estimates of rock mass strength[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences.1997,34:1165-1186.
[4]SHARAN S K.Exact and approximate solutions for displacements around circular openings in elastic-brittle-plastic Hoek-Brown rock[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2005,42:542-549.
[5]SHARAN S K.Analytical solutions for stresses and displacements around a circular opening in a generalized Hoek-Brown rock[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2008,45(1):78-85.
[6]俞茂宏,彭一江.强度理论百年总结[J].力学进展,2004,34(4):529-560.YU Maohong,PENG Yijiang.Centennial summary of strength theory[J].Advances in Mechanics,2004,34(4):529-560.
[7]赵志强.大变形回采巷道围岩变形破坏机理与控制方法研究[D].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2014:59-61.
[8]REVA V N.Stability criteria of underground workings under zonal disintegration of rocks[J].Journal of Mining Science,2002,38(1):31-34.
[9]侯朝炯.巷道围岩控制[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2013:70-77
[10]谢和平,鞠杨,黎立云.基于能量耗散与释放原理的岩石强度与整体破坏准则[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(17):3003-3010.XIE Heping,JU Yang,LI Liyun.Criteria for strength and structural failure of rocks based on energy dissipation and energy release principles[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(17):3003-3010.
[11]张广超,何富连.大断面综放沿空巷道顶板非对称破坏机制与控制对策[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,35(4):806-818.ZHANG Guangchao,HE Fulian.Asymmetric failure and control measures of large cross-section entry roof with strong mining disturbance and fully-mechanized caving mining[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,35(4):806-818.
[12]张明建,郜进海,魏世义,等.倾斜岩层平巷围岩破坏特征的相似模拟试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(S1):3259-3264.ZHANG Mingjian,GAO Jinhai,WEI Shiyi,et al.Similarity simulation study of failure characterictics of surrounding rocks of tiltes strata roadway[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(S1):3259-3264.
[13]赵启峰,杜锋,李强,等.综采工作面沿空掘巷围岩控制技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2015,43(10):23-28.ZHAO Qifeng,DU Feng,LI Qiang,et al.Surrounding rock control technology of gateway driven along goaf in fully mechanized coal mining face[J].Coal Science and Technology,2015,43(10):23-28.
[14]江贝,李术才,王琦,等.基于非连续变形分析方法的深部沿空掘巷围岩变形破坏及控制机制对比研究[J].岩土力学,2014,35(8):2353-2360.JIANG Bei,LI Shucai,WANG Qi,et al.Comparative research on surrounding rock failure deformation and control mechanism in deep roadway driving along goaf based on discontinuous deformation analysis[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2014,35(8):2353-2360.
[15]樊克恭,蒋金泉.弱结构巷道围岩变形破坏与非均称控制机理[J].中国矿业大学学报,2007,36(1):54-59.FAN Kegong,JIANG Jinquan.Deformation failure and non-harmonious control mechanism of surrounding rocks of roadways with weak structures[J].Journal of China University of Mining and Technology,2007,36(1):54-59.
[16]何满潮,王晓义,刘文涛,等.孔庄矿深部软岩巷道非对称变形数值模拟与控制对策研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(4):673-678.HE Manchao,WANG Xiaoyi,LIU Wentao,et al.Numerical simulation on asymmetric deformation of deep soft rock roadway in Kongzhuang Coal Mine[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(4):673-678.
[17]伍永平,翟锦,解盘石,等.基于地质雷达探测技术的巷道围岩松动圈测定[J].煤炭科学技术,2013,41(3):32-34,38.WU Yongping,ZHAI Jin,XIE Panshi,et al.Measurement of loosing circle in surrounding rock of gateway based on technology of geological radar detection[J].Coal Science and Technology,2013,41(3):32-34,38.
[18]李福胜,张春雷,张勇.地质雷达探测底板破坏深度的数值模拟研究[J].中国煤炭,2013,39(11):51-54.LI Fusheng,ZHANG Chunlei,ZHANG Yong.Numerical simulation research on damage depth of floor based on GPR detection[J].China Coal,2013,39(11):51-54.
[19]郭亮,李俊才,张志铖,等.地质雷达探测偏压隧道围岩松动圈的研究与应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(S1):3009-3015.GUO Liang,LI Juncai,ZHANG Zhicheng,et al.Research on surrounding rock loose zone tunnel under unsymmetrical loading with ground penetrating radar and its application[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(S1):3009-3015.
[20]周轮,李术才,许振浩,等.隧道施工期超前预报地质雷达异常干扰识别及处理[J].隧道建设,2016,36(12):1517-1522.ZHOU Lun,LI Shucai,XU Zhenhao,et al.Interpretation and treatment of interfering factors in advance geological prediction by ground penetrating radar of tunnel construction[J].Tunnel Construction,2016,36(12):1517-1522.