苯基键合活性炭的制备及对苯的吸附特性
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摘要
以核桃壳为原料,氢氧化钾作活化剂制备了高比表面积活性炭,使用苯基三甲氧基硅烷对其进行表面改性,得到苯基键合活性炭。通过氮气吸附法测定了活性炭的比表面积及孔隙结构,使用X射线光电子能谱表征测定了苯基键合活性炭的表面结构及碳元素含量。采用Langmuir热力学方程、Freundlich热力学方程、Lagergren准一级、准二级动力学方程及D-R方程对苯基键合活性炭对苯的吸附等温线进行了拟合。考察了温度和采气流速对吸附效率的影响。结果表明,苯基键合活性炭的孔隙主要为微孔,比表面积达2800 m~2·g~(-1);苯基键合活性炭对苯的吸附符合Langmuir等温吸附模型和Lagergren准一级动力学方程,饱和吸附量为713. 89 mg·g~(-1),苯的特征吸附能为23. 495 kJ·mol~(-1);增加温度或采气流速均使活性炭对苯的吸附量减少。
The high specific area activated carbon was prepared from walnut shell,with potassium hydroxide as activator.The phenyl bonded activated carbon was obtained via surface modification to high specific area activated carbon with phenyltrimethoxysilane.The specific surface area and pore structure of activated carbons were determined by nitrogen adsorption.The carbon element content and surface structure of phenyl bonded activated carbon were characterized by XPS.Using the phenyl bonded activated carbon to adsorb benzene,and the adsorption isotherm was fitted by using Langmuir thermodynamic equation,Freundlich thermodynamic equation,Lagergren quasi first order and quasi two order kinetic equation as well as D-R equation.The effects of temperature and gas flow rate on the adsorption and the regeneration performance of phenyl bonded activated carbon were investigated.The results indicated that the pore of phenyl bonded activated carbon was mainly microporous and the specific surface area was 2800 m~2·g~(-1),the adsorption of benzene by phenyl bonded activated carbon was increased after modification,which conforms to the Langmuir isothermal adsorption model and the Lagergren quasi first order kinetic equation.The characteristic adsorption energy of benzene was 23. 495 kJ·mol~(-1); the saturated adsorption amount of phenyl bonded activated carbon was 713. 89 mg·g~(-1).The increase of temperature and gas flow rate caused the decrease of adsorption amount.
The high specific area activated carbon was prepared from walnut shell,with potassium hydroxide as activator.The phenyl bonded activated carbon was obtained via surface modification to high specific area activated carbon with phenyltrimethoxysilane.The specific surface area and pore structure of activated carbons were determined by nitrogen adsorption.The carbon element content and surface structure of phenyl bonded activated carbon were characterized by XPS.Using the phenyl bonded activated carbon to adsorb benzene,and the adsorption isotherm was fitted by using Langmuir thermodynamic equation,Freundlich thermodynamic equation,Lagergren quasi first order and quasi two order kinetic equation as well as D-R equation.The effects of temperature and gas flow rate on the adsorption and the regeneration performance of phenyl bonded activated carbon were investigated.The results indicated that the pore of phenyl bonded activated carbon was mainly microporous and the specific surface area was 2800 m~2·g~(-1),the adsorption of benzene by phenyl bonded activated carbon was increased after modification,which conforms to the Langmuir isothermal adsorption model and the Lagergren quasi first order kinetic equation.The characteristic adsorption energy of benzene was 23. 495 kJ·mol~(-1); the saturated adsorption amount of phenyl bonded activated carbon was 713. 89 mg·g~(-1).The increase of temperature and gas flow rate caused the decrease of adsorption amount.
引文
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[2]许柱,李宝荣,宁永淼,等.活性炭吸附室内常见气体污染物的研究进展[J].轻工科技,2015(12):114-116.
[3]唐良士.室内空气质量指标综述(1)[J].制冷技术,2006(3):38-42.
[4]许伟,刘军利,孙康.活性炭吸附法在挥发性有机物治理中的应用研究进展[J].化工进展,2016,35(4):1223-1229.
[5]郭玉鹏,杨少凤,赵敬哲,等.由稻壳制备高比表面积活性炭[J].高等学校化学学报,2000,21(3):335-338.
[6]周丕严.H3PO4、KOH活化法桐壳基活性炭的制备及其吸附性能的研究[D].福建师范大学,2007.
[7]蒋剑春,孙康.活性炭制备技术及应用研究综述[J].林产化学与工业,2017,37(1):1-13.
[8]康东娟,唐晓龙,易红宏,等.超级活性炭的制备和性能研究及应用现状[J].环境科学与技术,2011,34(7):110-117.
[9]乔文明,查庆芳.氧化沥青的活化研究[J].炭素技术,1994(2):1-4.
[10]宋燕,李开喜,杨常玲,等.石油焦制备高比表面积活性炭的研究[J].石油化工,2002,31(6):431-435.
[11]董宇,申哲民,王茜,等.生物质活性炭制备的比较研究[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(6):3444-3448.
[12]徐泽军.农业废弃物活性炭的制备与应用研究进展[J].湖北理工学院学报,2015(4):21-24.
[13]崔静,赵乃勤,李家俊.活性炭制备及不同品种活性炭的研究进展[J].炭素技术,2005,24(1):7-11.
[14]王玉新,时志强,周亚平.孔隙发达竹质活性炭的制备及其电化学性能[J].化工进展,2008,27(3):399-403.
[15]刘寒冰,杨兵,薛南冬.酸碱改性活性炭及其对甲苯吸附的影响[J].环境科学,2016,37(9):3670-3678.
[16]张丽丹,赵晓鹏,马群,等.改性活性炭对苯废气吸附性能的研究[J].新型炭材料,2002,17(2):41-43.
[17]李立清,梁鑫,石瑞,等.酸改性活性炭对甲苯、甲醇的吸附性能[J].化工学报,2013,64(3):970-979.
[18]金一中,徐灏,谢裕坛.活性炭吸附苯、甲苯废气的研究[J].高校化学工程学报,2004,18(2):258-263.
[19]宋剑飞.活性炭吸附VOCs及其构效关系研究[D].中南大学,2014.
[20]王玉新,苏伟,周亚平.不同结构活性炭对CO2、CH4、N2及O2的吸附分离性能[J].化工进展,2009,28(2):206-209.
[21]余伟光,黎吉辉,王敦,等.香蕉茎秆生物炭的制备及其对铜离子的吸附特性[J].化工进展,2017,36(4):1499-1505.
[22]岑泽文,曾汉才,张鹏宇,等.PAN—ACF表面物化特性及其吸附能[J].电力科技与环保,2004,20(3):57-59.
[23]Wood G O. Affinity coefficients of the Polanyi/Dubinin adsorption isotherm equations:A review with compilations and correlations[J].Carbon,2001,39(3):343-356.
[24]Crini G,Badot P M.Application of chitosan,a natural amino polysaccharide,for dye removal from aqueous solutions by adsorption processes using batch studies:A review of recent literature[J].Prog Poly Sci,2008,33(4):399-447.