相同碳氮比有机物料矿化1年对植烟土壤养分的影响
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摘要
为探索不同有机物料相同碳氮比矿化1年对植烟土壤肥效作用,通过盆栽试验,将猪粪、玉米秸秆和生物炭调节碳氮比为25:1,经过1年自然矿化后在添加基础肥料的基础上分析不同有机物料对植烟土壤酶活性及氮磷钾含量的影响。结果表明,猪粪和玉米秸秆分别显著提高了土壤脲酶(最大值2.91 mg/(g·d))和蔗糖酶活性(最大值17.02 mg/(g·d))。与对照(不施有机物料)相比,施用有机物料在自然矿化1年后对土壤氮素仍有显著提升作用,其中猪粪处理表现出明显优势。同时,猪粪与生物炭显著提高了土壤速效钾和有机质含量,最大值分别达到1101 mg/kg和54.56 g/kg;猪粪也明显提升了土壤速效磷含量(727.95 mg/kg)。综上所述,相同碳氮比下豫中烟区土壤施用猪粪和生物炭在自然矿化1年后对植烟土壤养分含量的提升作用显著。
The paper aims to explore the delayed effect of different types of organic material after one yearmineralization. A pot experiment was carried out with four treatments:(1) without organic material application(TCK);(2) adding maize straw(TS);(3) adding pig manure(TM);(4) adding biochar(TB). Carbon/nitrogen(C/N) ofall the four treatments were adjusted as 25:1 in the first year. After a year of mineralization, the major indexesof soil nutrients were measured and analyzed. The results showed that manure and maize straw significantlyimproved the activity of soil enzymes that related to C and N metabolism. The soil urease activity wassignificantly enhanced under TMtreatment with the maximum value of 2.91 mg/(g·d); while the highest activityof soil sucrose appeared on TStreatment [17.02 mg/(g·d)]. Compared to TCK, the application of organic materialscould improve soil nitrogen content after a year of mineralization. Therein, all the forms of soil nitrogensignificantly increased under TM. Meanwhile, the content of soil available potassium and organic carbonremarkably increased under the TMand TBtreatments with the max value of 1101 mg/kg and 54.56 g/kg,respectively. The max value of soil available phosphorus was found under TM(i.e.727.95 mg/kg). In brief, aftera year of mineralization with the same C/N ratio, pig manure and biochar application can significantly improvesoil nutrient content in tobacco-planting area of central Henan Province.
The paper aims to explore the delayed effect of different types of organic material after one yearmineralization. A pot experiment was carried out with four treatments:(1) without organic material application(TCK);(2) adding maize straw(TS);(3) adding pig manure(TM);(4) adding biochar(TB). Carbon/nitrogen(C/N) ofall the four treatments were adjusted as 25:1 in the first year. After a year of mineralization, the major indexesof soil nutrients were measured and analyzed. The results showed that manure and maize straw significantlyimproved the activity of soil enzymes that related to C and N metabolism. The soil urease activity wassignificantly enhanced under TMtreatment with the maximum value of 2.91 mg/(g·d); while the highest activityof soil sucrose appeared on TStreatment [17.02 mg/(g·d)]. Compared to TCK, the application of organic materialscould improve soil nitrogen content after a year of mineralization. Therein, all the forms of soil nitrogensignificantly increased under TM. Meanwhile, the content of soil available potassium and organic carbonremarkably increased under the TMand TBtreatments with the max value of 1101 mg/kg and 54.56 g/kg,respectively. The max value of soil available phosphorus was found under TM(i.e.727.95 mg/kg). In brief, aftera year of mineralization with the same C/N ratio, pig manure and biochar application can significantly improvesoil nutrient content in tobacco-planting area of central Henan Province.
引文
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[12]翟优雅,阮志,张立新,等.施用秸秆对烤烟土壤酶活性及烤烟氮和钾含量的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2014,35(5):45-49.
[13]Lu Qiang,Xiong Ying,Xu Lingjie,et al.Effect of different fertilization patterns on carbon and nitrogen components of tobacco topsoil[J].Soil and Fertilizer,2014,15(7):1156-1159.
[14]王军,丁效东,张士荣,等.不同碳氮比有机肥对沙泥田烤烟根际土壤碳氮转化及酶活性的影响[J].生态环境学报,2015,24(8):1280-1286.
[15]Oguntunde P G,Abiodun B J,Ajayi A E,et al.Effects of charcoal production on soil physical properties in Ghana[J].Journal of Plant Nutrition&Soil Science,2008,171(4):591-596.
[16]Asai H,Samson B K,Stephan H M,et al.Boichar amendment techniques for upland rice production in northern Laos[J].Field Crops Research,2009,111(s1-2):81-84.
[17]陈山,龙世平,崔新卫,等.施用稻壳生物炭对土壤养分及烤烟生长的影响[J].作物研究,2016,30(2):142-148.
[18]尚杰,耿增超,王月玲,等.施用生物炭对土塿土微生物量碳、氮及酶活性的影响[J].中国农业科学,2016,49(6):1142-1151.
[19]关松荫.土壤酶及其研究法[M].北京:农业出版社,1986:260-346.
[20]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000:25-282.
[21]兰宇,韩晓日,战秀梅,等.施用不同有机物料对棕壤酶活性的影响[J].土壤通报,2013,44(1):116-121.
[22]陈闯,吴景贵,杨子仪.不同有机肥及其混施对黑土酶活性动态变化的影响[J].水土保持学报,2014,28(6):245-250.
[23]赵晓会.不同培肥及改良措施对烟田土壤性质及烟草品质影响的研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2011:72-73.
[24]赵军,耿增超,尚杰,等.生物炭及炭基硝酸铵对土壤微生物量碳、氮及酶活性的影响[J].生态学报,2016,36(8):2355-2362.
[25]王军,詹振寿,谢玉华,等.有机物料对植烟土壤速效养分含量的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2009,30(2):31-35.
[26]Naudin K,Goze E,Balarabe O,et al.Impact of no-tillage and mulching practices on cotton production in North Cameroon:a multi-locational on-farm assessment[J].Soil&Tillage Research,2010,108(1):68-76.
[27]Yadvinder S,Bijay S,Ladha J K,et al.Effects of Residue Decomposition on Productivity and Soil Fertility in Rice-Wheat Rotation[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,2004,68(3):854-864.
[28]Whitbread A,Blair G,Konboon Y,et al.Managing crop residues,fertilizers and leaf litters to improve soil C,nutrient balances,and the grain yield of rice and wheat cropping systems in Thailand and Australia[J].Agriculture Ecosystems&Environment,2003,100(2):251-263.
[29]赵殿峰,徐静,罗璇,等.生物炭对土壤养分、烤烟生长以及烟叶化学成分的影响[J].西北农业学报,2014,23(3):85-92.
[30]管恩娜,管志坤,杨波,等.生物质炭对植烟土壤质量及烤烟生长的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2016,37(2):36-41.
[31]郑加玉,张忠锋,程森,等.稻壳生物炭对整治烟田土壤养分及烟叶产质量的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2016,37(4):6-12.
[2]陈敏,杜相革.生物炭对土壤特性及烟草产量和品质的影响[J].中国土壤肥料,2015(1):80-83.
[3]周米良,邓小华,田峰,等.玉米秸秆促腐还田的腐解及对烤烟生长与产质量的影响[J].中国烟草学报,2016,22(2):67-74.
[4]熊瑶,陈建军,王维,等.秸秆还田对烤烟根系活力和碳氮代谢生理特性的影响[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(30):65-70.
[5]郭群召,吴学巧,黄平俊.饼肥对土壤性状_烤烟生长及烟叶品质的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2007(6):68-70.
[6]叶协锋,李志鹏,于晓娜,等.生物炭用量对植烟土壤碳库及烤后烟叶质量的影响[J].中国烟草学报,2015,21(5):33-41.
[7]李锐,李继飞,李佛琳.蚯蚓粪肥对烤烟产量和质量的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2014,42(2):417-418.
[8]李雪利,叶协锋,顾建国,等.土壤C/N比对烤烟碳氮代谢关键酶活性和烟叶品质影响的研究[J].中国烟草学报,2011,17(3):32-36.
[9]张弘,刘世亮,朱金峰,等.相同碳氮比有机物料对烤烟生长发育及碳氮代谢的影响[J].中国水土保持科学,2016,14(5):110-118.
[10]叶协锋,李志鹏,于晓娜,等.腐熟有机肥在烤烟生长期田间养分矿化释放特征的研究[J].中国烟草学报,2017,23:76-78.
[11]尚志强.秸秆还田与覆盖对植烟土壤性状和产量质量的影响[J].土壤通报,2008,39(3):706-708.
[12]翟优雅,阮志,张立新,等.施用秸秆对烤烟土壤酶活性及烤烟氮和钾含量的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2014,35(5):45-49.
[13]Lu Qiang,Xiong Ying,Xu Lingjie,et al.Effect of different fertilization patterns on carbon and nitrogen components of tobacco topsoil[J].Soil and Fertilizer,2014,15(7):1156-1159.
[14]王军,丁效东,张士荣,等.不同碳氮比有机肥对沙泥田烤烟根际土壤碳氮转化及酶活性的影响[J].生态环境学报,2015,24(8):1280-1286.
[15]Oguntunde P G,Abiodun B J,Ajayi A E,et al.Effects of charcoal production on soil physical properties in Ghana[J].Journal of Plant Nutrition&Soil Science,2008,171(4):591-596.
[16]Asai H,Samson B K,Stephan H M,et al.Boichar amendment techniques for upland rice production in northern Laos[J].Field Crops Research,2009,111(s1-2):81-84.
[17]陈山,龙世平,崔新卫,等.施用稻壳生物炭对土壤养分及烤烟生长的影响[J].作物研究,2016,30(2):142-148.
[18]尚杰,耿增超,王月玲,等.施用生物炭对土塿土微生物量碳、氮及酶活性的影响[J].中国农业科学,2016,49(6):1142-1151.
[19]关松荫.土壤酶及其研究法[M].北京:农业出版社,1986:260-346.
[20]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000:25-282.
[21]兰宇,韩晓日,战秀梅,等.施用不同有机物料对棕壤酶活性的影响[J].土壤通报,2013,44(1):116-121.
[22]陈闯,吴景贵,杨子仪.不同有机肥及其混施对黑土酶活性动态变化的影响[J].水土保持学报,2014,28(6):245-250.
[23]赵晓会.不同培肥及改良措施对烟田土壤性质及烟草品质影响的研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2011:72-73.
[24]赵军,耿增超,尚杰,等.生物炭及炭基硝酸铵对土壤微生物量碳、氮及酶活性的影响[J].生态学报,2016,36(8):2355-2362.
[25]王军,詹振寿,谢玉华,等.有机物料对植烟土壤速效养分含量的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2009,30(2):31-35.
[26]Naudin K,Goze E,Balarabe O,et al.Impact of no-tillage and mulching practices on cotton production in North Cameroon:a multi-locational on-farm assessment[J].Soil&Tillage Research,2010,108(1):68-76.
[27]Yadvinder S,Bijay S,Ladha J K,et al.Effects of Residue Decomposition on Productivity and Soil Fertility in Rice-Wheat Rotation[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,2004,68(3):854-864.
[28]Whitbread A,Blair G,Konboon Y,et al.Managing crop residues,fertilizers and leaf litters to improve soil C,nutrient balances,and the grain yield of rice and wheat cropping systems in Thailand and Australia[J].Agriculture Ecosystems&Environment,2003,100(2):251-263.
[29]赵殿峰,徐静,罗璇,等.生物炭对土壤养分、烤烟生长以及烟叶化学成分的影响[J].西北农业学报,2014,23(3):85-92.
[30]管恩娜,管志坤,杨波,等.生物质炭对植烟土壤质量及烤烟生长的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2016,37(2):36-41.
[31]郑加玉,张忠锋,程森,等.稻壳生物炭对整治烟田土壤养分及烟叶产质量的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2016,37(4):6-12.