硫酸体系中锰钽铌矿加压浸出研究
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摘要
针对单一硫酸体系锰钽铌矿加压浸出下钽铌浸出率均不到10%的问题,在硫酸体系引入助浸剂,考察氟化铵、双氧水、反应压强、硫酸浓度、反应温度、氟化铵矿比对锰钽铌矿加压浸出的影响,采用XRD对浸渣进行物相表征。实验结果表明,在锰钽铌矿加压浸出中,引入助浸剂氟化铵,温度200℃、硫酸浓度50%及氟化铵/矿比为0.8∶1的条件下钽浸出率超过93%,铌浸出率超过96%。引入氟化铵对硫酸体系下锰钽铌矿的加压浸出效果的提升十分显著。
In order to deal with the leaching rate of tantalum and niobium is less than 10% by pressure leaching of manganese tantalum-niobium ores in sulfuric acid system.The pressure leaching of manganese tantalum-niobium ores by sulfuric acid using assistant reagent was studied to investigate effects of ammonium fluoride and hydrogen peroxide,reaction pressure,sulfuric acid concentration,reaction temperature,and ammonium fluoride ore ratio on leaching of manganese ore.The effect of ammonium fluoride ore on the pressure leaching of manganese antimony ore is characterized by XRD.The experimental results show that in the pressure leaching of manganese bismuth ore,the leaching rate of tantalum is more than 93% under the conditions of temperature of 200°C and the leaching rate of niobium is more than 96% by pressure leaching of manganese tantalum-niobium ores with ammonium fluoride in50% sulfuric acid and ammonium fluoride/manganese tantalum-niobium ores mass ratio of 0.8∶1.The introduction of ammonia fluoride greatly promotes the pressure leaching effect of manganese tantalum-niobium ores under the sulfuric acid system.
In order to deal with the leaching rate of tantalum and niobium is less than 10% by pressure leaching of manganese tantalum-niobium ores in sulfuric acid system.The pressure leaching of manganese tantalum-niobium ores by sulfuric acid using assistant reagent was studied to investigate effects of ammonium fluoride and hydrogen peroxide,reaction pressure,sulfuric acid concentration,reaction temperature,and ammonium fluoride ore ratio on leaching of manganese ore.The effect of ammonium fluoride ore on the pressure leaching of manganese antimony ore is characterized by XRD.The experimental results show that in the pressure leaching of manganese bismuth ore,the leaching rate of tantalum is more than 93% under the conditions of temperature of 200°C and the leaching rate of niobium is more than 96% by pressure leaching of manganese tantalum-niobium ores with ammonium fluoride in50% sulfuric acid and ammonium fluoride/manganese tantalum-niobium ores mass ratio of 0.8∶1.The introduction of ammonia fluoride greatly promotes the pressure leaching effect of manganese tantalum-niobium ores under the sulfuric acid system.
引文
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[2]王晓辉.机械活化强化难分解亚熔盐清洁工艺的基础研究[D].北京:中国科学院过程工程研究所,2009.WANG Xiaohui.Fundamental research on the mechanical activation enhanced clean process of refractory niobiumtantalum ore with sub-molten salt of potassium hydroxide[D].Beijing:Institute of Process Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,2009.
[3]WANG X H,ZHENG S L,XU H B,et al.Leaching of niobium and tantalum from a low-grade ore using a KOHroast-water leach system[J].Hydrometallurgy,2009,98(3/4):219-223.
[4]王晓辉,郑诗礼,徐红彬,等.KOH熔盐法处理低品位难分解钽铌矿的实验研究[J].中国稀土学报,2008,26(增刊1):512-516.WANG Xiaohui,ZHENG Shili,XU Hongbin,et al.Processing of low-grade refractory tantalum-niobium ore by koh molten salt[J].Chinese Journal of Rare Earths,2008,26(S1):512-516.
[5]ZHOU H M,ZHENG S L,ZHANG Y.Leaching of niobium-tantalum by highly concentrated caustic potash solution[J].Hydrometallurgy,2005,80(1/2):83-89.
[6]ZHOU H M,ZHENG S L,ZHANG Y.A kinetic study of the leaching of a low-grade niobium-tantalum ore by concentrated KOH solution[J].Hydrometallurgy,2005,80(3):170-178.
[7]周宏明.钽铌复杂矿亚熔盐分解清洁工艺基础研究[D].北京:中国科学院过程工程研究所,2013.ZHOU Hongming.Fundamental research on the clean process for decomposing niobium-tantalum ore with submolten salt of potassium hydroxide[D].Beijing:Institute of Process Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,2013.
[8]杨秀丽.难分解钽铌矿低碱分解新工艺及应用基础研究[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2013.YANG Xiuli.New processing and applicating basic foundation for low alkali decomposition of refractory tantalum-niobium ore[D].Kunming:Kunming University of Science and Technology,2013.
[9]郭青蔚,王肇信.现代钽铌冶金[D].北京:冶金工业出版社,2009:252-253.GUO Qingwei,WANG Zhaoxin.Modern Tantalum and Niobium Metallurgy[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2009:252-253.
[10]EL-HUSSAINI M,MAHDY A.Sulfuric acid leaching of Kabel Amiri niobium-tantalum bearing minerals,Central Eastern Desert,Egypt[J].Hydrometallurgy,2002,64:219-229.
[11]YANG X L,ZHANG J W,FANG X H,et al.Kinetics of pressure leaching of niobium ore by sulfuric acid[J].International Journal of Refractory Metals and hard Materials,2014,45:218-222.