小型四旋翼无人机空气质量监测仪设计
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摘要
及时有效地获取空气质量数据是大气环境保护的前提和基础。针对现有固定点监测手段空间覆盖度不足、成本高、灵活性差等问题,设计一种基于小型四旋翼无人机为飞行平台,Arduino UNO开发板外接MG811,DSM501A,DHT11,MQ-7传感器为硬件平台,Arduino IDE编译器为软件平台的监测仪。采用接触式周期采样方法获取环境数据模拟值,建立与传感器灵敏度关系,使用Matlab中CURVE FITTING TOOL对传感器灵敏度与被测物浓度关系进行拟合分析。拟合后,可决系数大于0.98,方差小于0.1。该自主设计的监测仪具有成本低、易操作、灵活方便的优点,并可扩展其他类型传感器以满足不同的测量环境要求。
The timely and effective acquisition of air quality data is the premise and foundation of atmospheric environmental protection. In view of the insufficient space coverage,high cost and poor flexibility existing in the fixed-point monitoring means,a monitor is designed,which takes the small quadrotor UAV n as its flight platform,the Arduino UNO development board connecting MG811,DSM501 A,DHT11 and MQ-7 sensors outside as its hardware platform,and the Arduino IDE compiler as its software platform. The contact-type periodic sampling method is used to acquire the simulation value of environmental data,and establish the relationship between the sensitivity of the sensor and simulation value. The CURVE FITTING TOOL in Matlab is adopted to conduct fitting analysis for the sensitivity of the sensor and concentration of analyte. The fitting results show that the coefficient of determination is above 0.98,and the variance is less than 0.1. The autonomously-designed monitor has the advantages of low cost,easy operation,flexible and convenient use,and can be extended to other types of sensors to meet the requirements of different measurement environments.
The timely and effective acquisition of air quality data is the premise and foundation of atmospheric environmental protection. In view of the insufficient space coverage,high cost and poor flexibility existing in the fixed-point monitoring means,a monitor is designed,which takes the small quadrotor UAV n as its flight platform,the Arduino UNO development board connecting MG811,DSM501 A,DHT11 and MQ-7 sensors outside as its hardware platform,and the Arduino IDE compiler as its software platform. The contact-type periodic sampling method is used to acquire the simulation value of environmental data,and establish the relationship between the sensitivity of the sensor and simulation value. The CURVE FITTING TOOL in Matlab is adopted to conduct fitting analysis for the sensitivity of the sensor and concentration of analyte. The fitting results show that the coefficient of determination is above 0.98,and the variance is less than 0.1. The autonomously-designed monitor has the advantages of low cost,easy operation,flexible and convenient use,and can be extended to other types of sensors to meet the requirements of different measurement environments.
引文
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[18]顾芳,杨娟,卞保民,等.用粒子计数法测量颗粒物质量浓度[J].激光技术,2007,31(4):360-363.
[19]王纳林.基于MQ-7传感器煤气报警系统[J].自动化技术与应用,2014,33(12):103-105.
[20]李旭华.基于虚拟仪器的CO气体监控[J].计算机光盘软件与应用,2014(19):53-54.
[2]朱京海,徐光,刘家斌.无人机遥感系统在环境保护领域中的应用研究[J].环境保护与循环经济,2011(9):45-48.
[3]谢涛,刘锐,胡秋红.无人机大气环境应急监测系统设计探讨[J].环境科学与技术,2013,36(z1):289-293.
[4]郭全民,马旋坤,王健.室内空气质量测量仪的设计与实现[J].国外电子测量技术,2015,34(1):52-55.
[5]赵宇.城市道边空气质量自动监测系统设计[D].合肥:中国科学技术大学,2014.
[6]马晓晓,方土,王中伟,等.我国环境监测现状分析及发展对策[J].环境科技,2010,23(z2):132-135.
[7]杨日魁,吴平涛,温晶.大气环境自动监测系统优化实现[J].环境科学与技术,2013,36(6):286-310.
[8]中科院安徽光机所.无人机大气污染成份探测载荷试验成功[J].安徽科技,2009(3):32.
[9]牛记.基于六旋翼无人机的PM2.5近地层垂直分布测量系统设计与实现[D].抚州:东华理工大学,2015.
[10]郭坚.基于SIM908的无人机空气质量监测系统设计与研究[D].天津:天津大学,2014.
[11]胡兰萍,李燕,张琳,等.遥感FTIR在大气环境监测中的新进展[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2006,26(10):1863-1867.
[12]谢涛.基于无人机遥感技术的环境监测研究进展[J].环境科技,2013,26(4):56-59.
[13]陈航科,张东升,盛志超.四旋翼飞行器悬停状态姿态控制建模与仿真[J].计算机仿真,2013,30(11):41-45.
[14]渠淼,牛国锋,冒张霄,等.基于Arduino的智能环境监控系统设计[J].微型机与应用,2014(20):83-85.
[15]沈金鑫.Arduino与Lab VIEW开发实战[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2014.
[16]佚名.MG811数据手册[EB/OL].[2013-01-15].http://web.sensor-ic.com:8000/传感器资料/气体/fjl/general.pdf.
[17]唐文涛,申庆祥,刘占伟.养殖场环境下基于MSP430单片机的CO2检测仪的设计[J].现代电子技术,2014,37(4):125-128.
[18]顾芳,杨娟,卞保民,等.用粒子计数法测量颗粒物质量浓度[J].激光技术,2007,31(4):360-363.
[19]王纳林.基于MQ-7传感器煤气报警系统[J].自动化技术与应用,2014,33(12):103-105.
[20]李旭华.基于虚拟仪器的CO气体监控[J].计算机光盘软件与应用,2014(19):53-54.