川南地区丛生竹硬头黄竹带状皆伐对其生长及产量的影响
|
摘要
以长宁县硬头黄竹为研究对象,分别在龙头镇、竹海镇样地设置长度均为60 m,宽度为3 m、6 m、9 m皆伐带;3 m～6 m、6 m～9 m皆伐带间设置保留带,保留带宽度均为6 m;另外在样地附近设置一个6 m×60 m对照带。采用机械式带状皆伐1年后,通过调查和数据处理,分析其生长状况,显著性特征、生物量(地上部分)。结果表明:(1)两个样地中均发萌枝,且萌枝面积均为9 m皆伐带>6 m皆伐带>3 m皆伐带。从龙头镇来看,各皆伐带和保留带的发笋量均明显高于对照带,最大为6 m～9 m保留带,达到4 976±97株·hm~(-2);从竹海镇来看,3 m皆伐带、3 m～6 m保留带、6 m～9 m保留带发笋数高于对照带,6 m～9 m保留带发笋数最高,达到11583株·hm~(-2)。(2)单因素方差分析(ANOVA)和多重比较表明,龙头镇和竹海镇竹笋平均胸径除6 m皆伐带和9 m皆伐带间差异不显著外(p>0.05),其他每个带之间差异均显著(p<0.05);龙头镇竹笋平均高除3m皆伐带和6m皆伐带之间、6 m皆伐带和9m皆伐带之间差异不显著外(p>0.05),其余各带之间差异均显著(p>0.05),竹海镇竹笋平均高除6 m皆伐带和9 m皆伐带之间差异不显著外(p>0.05),其余各带之间差异均显著(p<0.05)。(3)根据张鹏等在长宁县对硬头黄竹胸径与生物量拟合的指数回归模型,可以计算出经过带状皆伐改造试验后,龙头镇3 m～6 m保留带、 6 m～9 m保留带1 a生竹每公顷产量分别比对照提高了92.76%、175.21%。竹海镇3 m～6 m保留带、 6 m～9 m保留带1a生竹每公顷产量分别比对照提高了111.89%、161.58%。(4)通过本试验对该地硬头黄竹进行带状皆伐改造,发现6 m～9 m保留带竹林长势最好,生物量最高,改造效果最好。
Bambusa rigida in Changning County was taken as the research object,the clear cutting belts were set in lengths of 60 m and widths of 3 m,6 m and 9 m.in the sample plots of Longtou Town and Zhuhai Town.The reserved zone was set between 3 m～6 m and 6 m～9 m cutting belt.The retention band had a retention bandwidth of 6 m;in addition,a 6×60 control zone was placed near the sample plot.After one year of mechanical strip clearing,the growth status,significant characteristics,and biomass(aboveground) were analyzed through investigation and data processing.The results showed that(1) the shoots were found in both plots,and the order of sprouting area size was 9 m cutting belt >6 m cutting belt >3 m cutting belt.In Longtou town,the amount of shoots in each cutting belt and retaining belt was significantly higher than that in the control belt,and the maximum was 6 m～9 m retention belt,reaching 4 976±97 plants hm~(-2).In Zhuhai Town,the shoot number in the 3 m cutting belt,3 m～6 m retention zone and the 6 m～9 m zone were higher than that of the control zone,and the number of shoots in the 6 m～9 m retention zone was the highest,reaching 11 583 plants·hm~(-2).(2) One-way analysis of variance(ANOVA) and multiple comparisons showed that the average breast diameter of bamboo shoots in Longtou Town and Zhuhai Town were not significantly different between the 6 m belt and the 9 m belt(p>0.05),but the difference between each other belt were significant(p<0.05);the average height of bamboo shoots in Longtou town was not significantly different between the 3 m belt and the 6 m belt,or the 6 m belt and the 9 m belt(p>0.05),and the differences between the other belts were significant(p>0.05),the average height of bamboo shoots in Zhuhai Town was not significantly different from that of 6 m harvesting belt and 9 m harvesting belt(p>0.05),and the differences between the other belts were significant(p<0.05).(3) According to the exponential regression model and other fittings on the DBH and biomass,it could be calculated that after the strip-shaped clear cutting test,the yield of the 3 m～6 m retention zone and 6 m～9 m retention in Longtou town was 92.76% and 175.21% higher than that of the control.The yield of the 3 m～6 m retention zone and the 6 m～9 m retention zone in Zhuhai Town was 111.89% and 161.58% higher than that of the control.(4) Through the test,it was found that the 6 m～9 m retaining bamboo forest had the best growth,the highest biomass and the best transformation effect.
Bambusa rigida in Changning County was taken as the research object,the clear cutting belts were set in lengths of 60 m and widths of 3 m,6 m and 9 m.in the sample plots of Longtou Town and Zhuhai Town.The reserved zone was set between 3 m～6 m and 6 m～9 m cutting belt.The retention band had a retention bandwidth of 6 m;in addition,a 6×60 control zone was placed near the sample plot.After one year of mechanical strip clearing,the growth status,significant characteristics,and biomass(aboveground) were analyzed through investigation and data processing.The results showed that(1) the shoots were found in both plots,and the order of sprouting area size was 9 m cutting belt >6 m cutting belt >3 m cutting belt.In Longtou town,the amount of shoots in each cutting belt and retaining belt was significantly higher than that in the control belt,and the maximum was 6 m～9 m retention belt,reaching 4 976±97 plants hm~(-2).In Zhuhai Town,the shoot number in the 3 m cutting belt,3 m～6 m retention zone and the 6 m～9 m zone were higher than that of the control zone,and the number of shoots in the 6 m～9 m retention zone was the highest,reaching 11 583 plants·hm~(-2).(2) One-way analysis of variance(ANOVA) and multiple comparisons showed that the average breast diameter of bamboo shoots in Longtou Town and Zhuhai Town were not significantly different between the 6 m belt and the 9 m belt(p>0.05),but the difference between each other belt were significant(p<0.05);the average height of bamboo shoots in Longtou town was not significantly different between the 3 m belt and the 6 m belt,or the 6 m belt and the 9 m belt(p>0.05),and the differences between the other belts were significant(p>0.05),the average height of bamboo shoots in Zhuhai Town was not significantly different from that of 6 m harvesting belt and 9 m harvesting belt(p>0.05),and the differences between the other belts were significant(p<0.05).(3) According to the exponential regression model and other fittings on the DBH and biomass,it could be calculated that after the strip-shaped clear cutting test,the yield of the 3 m～6 m retention zone and 6 m～9 m retention in Longtou town was 92.76% and 175.21% higher than that of the control.The yield of the 3 m～6 m retention zone and the 6 m～9 m retention zone in Zhuhai Town was 111.89% and 161.58% higher than that of the control.(4) Through the test,it was found that the 6 m～9 m retaining bamboo forest had the best growth,the highest biomass and the best transformation effect.
引文
[1] 曹明勇.长宁县竹林生物量及初级生产力特征研究[D].中南林业科技大学,2016.
[2] 张鹏,唐森强,朱维双,等.淯江河岸缓冲带硬头黄竹人工林生物量及5种营养元素含量分配格局研究[J].西部林业科学,2010,39(02):27-31.
[3] 耿伯介.中国植物志第九卷第一分册 [M ].北京:科学出版社,1996
[4] 张瑞瑶.长宁县竹产业可持续发展研究[J].农村经济与科技,2017,28(6):44～45.
[5] 康冰,刘世荣,蔡道雄,等.马尾松人工林林分密度对林下植被及土壤性质的影响[J].应用生态学报,2009,20(10):2323～2331.
[6] 王晓荣,刘学全,唐万鹏,等.丹江口湖北库区不同调控密度马尾松人工林林分特征[J].西南林业大学学报,2014,34(6):16～23.
[7] 徐金良,毛玉明,郑成忠,等.抚育间伐对杉木人工林生长及出材量的影响[J].林业科学研究,2014,27(1):99～107.
[8] 李春明,杜纪山,张会儒.抚育间伐对森林生长的影响及其模型研究[J].林业科学研究,2003(5):636～641.
[9] 陈洪,简霁,杨东生,等.不同覆盖模式对毛竹林出笋的影响[J].四川林业科技,2019(1):43～47.
[10] 刘雄,谌立贞,谭靖星,等.立竹密度对古蔺县方竹林笋产量的影响[J].四川林业科技,2018,39(6):40～43.
[11] 吴雨峰,程晓玲,曹小军,等.不同林分结构对绵竹产量的影响研究[J].四川林业科技,2017,38(4):6～9.
[12] 曹明勇,张峰,刘立斌.长宁县竹林生物量研究[J].绿色科技,2016,15:40～42.
[13] 何亚平,费世民,蒋俊明,等.四川长宁竹林凋落物的蓄水功能研究[J].北京林业大学学报,2006,28(5):35～41.
[14] 曹奕,曾永海,别鹏飞,等.四川省长宁县硬头黄竹生长状况研究[J].四川林业科技,2018,39(3):120～123+130.
[15] 贾廷彬,张楠.丛生竹林调查方法初探[J].世界竹藤通讯,2016,14(4):25～29.
[16] 武文定,董文渊,郑进宣.不同坡向和海拔对撑绿杂交竹生长的影响研究[J].世界竹藤通讯,2008,6(6):14～16.
[17] 曹小军,李呈翔,魏素才,等.四川慈竹生长现状调查与分析[J].世界竹藤通讯,2009,7(6):24～28.
[18] 张鹏,黄玲玲,张旭东,等.滩地硬头黄竹生物量结构及回归模型的研究[J].竹子研究汇刊,2009,28(3):25～28.
[19] 郭宝华,范少辉,刘广路,等.不同施肥模式对硬头黄竹生长特征的影响[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2013,33(7):45～49.
[20] 谭宏超,谭汝强,张翼飞.3种皆伐方式对毛竹林更新生长的影响[J].世界竹藤通讯,2017,15(3):52～55.
[2] 张鹏,唐森强,朱维双,等.淯江河岸缓冲带硬头黄竹人工林生物量及5种营养元素含量分配格局研究[J].西部林业科学,2010,39(02):27-31.
[3] 耿伯介.中国植物志第九卷第一分册 [M ].北京:科学出版社,1996
[4] 张瑞瑶.长宁县竹产业可持续发展研究[J].农村经济与科技,2017,28(6):44～45.
[5] 康冰,刘世荣,蔡道雄,等.马尾松人工林林分密度对林下植被及土壤性质的影响[J].应用生态学报,2009,20(10):2323～2331.
[6] 王晓荣,刘学全,唐万鹏,等.丹江口湖北库区不同调控密度马尾松人工林林分特征[J].西南林业大学学报,2014,34(6):16～23.
[7] 徐金良,毛玉明,郑成忠,等.抚育间伐对杉木人工林生长及出材量的影响[J].林业科学研究,2014,27(1):99～107.
[8] 李春明,杜纪山,张会儒.抚育间伐对森林生长的影响及其模型研究[J].林业科学研究,2003(5):636～641.
[9] 陈洪,简霁,杨东生,等.不同覆盖模式对毛竹林出笋的影响[J].四川林业科技,2019(1):43～47.
[10] 刘雄,谌立贞,谭靖星,等.立竹密度对古蔺县方竹林笋产量的影响[J].四川林业科技,2018,39(6):40～43.
[11] 吴雨峰,程晓玲,曹小军,等.不同林分结构对绵竹产量的影响研究[J].四川林业科技,2017,38(4):6～9.
[12] 曹明勇,张峰,刘立斌.长宁县竹林生物量研究[J].绿色科技,2016,15:40～42.
[13] 何亚平,费世民,蒋俊明,等.四川长宁竹林凋落物的蓄水功能研究[J].北京林业大学学报,2006,28(5):35～41.
[14] 曹奕,曾永海,别鹏飞,等.四川省长宁县硬头黄竹生长状况研究[J].四川林业科技,2018,39(3):120～123+130.
[15] 贾廷彬,张楠.丛生竹林调查方法初探[J].世界竹藤通讯,2016,14(4):25～29.
[16] 武文定,董文渊,郑进宣.不同坡向和海拔对撑绿杂交竹生长的影响研究[J].世界竹藤通讯,2008,6(6):14～16.
[17] 曹小军,李呈翔,魏素才,等.四川慈竹生长现状调查与分析[J].世界竹藤通讯,2009,7(6):24～28.
[18] 张鹏,黄玲玲,张旭东,等.滩地硬头黄竹生物量结构及回归模型的研究[J].竹子研究汇刊,2009,28(3):25～28.
[19] 郭宝华,范少辉,刘广路,等.不同施肥模式对硬头黄竹生长特征的影响[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2013,33(7):45～49.
[20] 谭宏超,谭汝强,张翼飞.3种皆伐方式对毛竹林更新生长的影响[J].世界竹藤通讯,2017,15(3):52～55.