高速静压内置式电主轴系统稳定性分析及优化
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摘要
针对高效精密机床电主轴系统的高速化,讨论液体静压主轴系统失稳机理,并对高速静压内置式电主轴系统进行稳定性分析;提出基于遗传算法的电主轴系统稳定性优化方法。以系统稳定性评价指标为优化目标、电主轴系统轴向尺寸参数为设计变量,采用高效微型遗传算法实现电主轴系统稳定性优化。该方法既能高效解决增强轴系稳定性优化问题,又可避免复杂结构参数修改;通过某高速磨床静压内置式电主轴系统稳定性分析及优化对该方法进行验证。结果表明,稳定性分析及优化后系统稳定性得到明显提高。
Aiming at the high speed trend of high precision machine tool spindle systems,to study their stability in design process becomes very important. Firstly,the instability mechanism of a hydrostatic spindle system was discussed and the stability of a high-speed built-in motorized hydrostatic spindle system was analyzed. Then,an optimization method named the mirco genetic algorithm for stability of a motorized spindle system was proposed based on the genetic algorithm.The objective was to maximize the stability evaluation index of the system and the axial size parameters of the spindle system were taken as the design variables. The effective micro genetic algorithm was adopted for the stability optimization of the spindle system. Eventually,higher stability was achieved,the modification of the parameters of complex structure was avoided. As an example,the stability of a high-speed grinder motorized hydrostatic spindle system was analyzed and then optimized using this optimization method. The results indicated that the stability of the motorized spindle system can be improved obviously with the proposed method.
Aiming at the high speed trend of high precision machine tool spindle systems,to study their stability in design process becomes very important. Firstly,the instability mechanism of a hydrostatic spindle system was discussed and the stability of a high-speed built-in motorized hydrostatic spindle system was analyzed. Then,an optimization method named the mirco genetic algorithm for stability of a motorized spindle system was proposed based on the genetic algorithm.The objective was to maximize the stability evaluation index of the system and the axial size parameters of the spindle system were taken as the design variables. The effective micro genetic algorithm was adopted for the stability optimization of the spindle system. Eventually,higher stability was achieved,the modification of the parameters of complex structure was avoided. As an example,the stability of a high-speed grinder motorized hydrostatic spindle system was analyzed and then optimized using this optimization method. The results indicated that the stability of the motorized spindle system can be improved obviously with the proposed method.
引文
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[2]闻邦椿,顾家柳,夏松波,等.高等转子动力学[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1999.
[3]Mane I,Gagnol V,Bouzgarrou B C,et al.Stability-based spindle speed control during flexible workpiece high-speed milling[J].International Journal of Machine Tools&Manufacture,2008(48):184-194.
[4]Bediaga I,Munoa J,Hernandez J,et al.An automatic spindle speed selection strategy to obtain stability in high-speed milling[J].International Journal of Machine Tools&Manufacture,2009(49):384-394.
[5]袁小阳,朱均.大型汽轮发电机轴系稳定裕度研究[J].西安交通大学学报,1994,28(9):52-57.YUAN Xiao-yang,ZHU Jun.Degree of stability of large turbine-generator rotors[J].Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University,1994,28(9):52-57.
[6]周军波,丁毓峰.基于轴系稳定性分析的滑动轴承优化设计[J].机械制造,2010,552(48):41-44.ZHOU Jun-bo,DING Yu-feng.Optimization design of sliding bearing based on stability analysis of spindle system[J].Journal of Machinery,2010,552(48):41-44.
[7]顾卫东,王永亮,方勃,等.标高对转子-滑动轴承系统动力学特性影响研究[J].汽轮机技术,2011,53(2):125-128.GU Wei-dong,WANG Yong-liang,FANG Bo,et al.Research on characteristics of rotor-bearing system with different bearing elevation[J].Journal of Turbine Technology,2011,53(2):125-128.
[8]单文桃,陈小安,合烨.不同控制策略对高速电主轴动态性能影响[J].振动与冲击,2013,32(18):75-80.SHAN Wen-tao,CHEN Xiao-an,HE Ye.Effects of different control strategies on dynamic performance of a high-speed motorized spindle[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2013,32(18):75-80.
[9]许尚贤.液体静压和动静压滑动轴承设计[M].南京:东南大学出版社,1984.
[10]钟一谔,何衍宗,王正,等.转子动力学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1987.
[11]徐龙祥.高速旋转机械轴系动力学设计[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1993.
[12]周明,孙树栋.遗传算法原理及应用[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1999.
[13]Liu Gui-rong,Han Xu.Computational inverse techniques in nondestructive evaluation[M].Florida:CRC Press,2003.