基于电压相量平面的单相高阻接地保护方案
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摘要
针对经过渡电阻发生单相接地故障时电流差动保护灵敏性降低的问题,提出了一种基于电压相量平面的单相高阻接地保护方案。首先,利用保护安装处的序电流与故障点电流相位近似相等的特点,计算线路两端电流的夹角。然后,通过对线路两端电流的夹角实测值与计算值求取差值,得到单相接地保护相角差。最后,根据单相接地保护相角差在区内故障与区外故障的差异,构造了单相高阻接地故障的动作判据。基于PSCAD/EMTDC的仿真结果表明,该方案不受故障相别、过渡电阻、故障位置、运行工况等因素影响,能够准确地反映保护区内与区外故障,且具有很高的灵敏性和可靠性,可作为电流差动保护的有效补充。
In view of the problem that the sensitivity of current differential protection decreases when a single-phase grounding fault occurs via transition resistance, a single-phase high-resistance grounding backup protection scheme based on voltage phasor plane is proposed. Firstly, by using the characteristic that the sequence current phase of protection installation point is approximately equal to the one of fault point, the angle between the currents of two ends of the line is calculated. Then, the phase angle difference of single-phase ground protection is obtained by calculating the difference between the measured value and calculated value of the angle between the currents of two ends of the line. Finally, based on the difference between internal and external fault in phase angle difference of single-phase grounding protection, the operating criterion of single-phase high-resistance grounding fault is presented. Simulation results based on PSCAD/EMTDC show that the scheme is immune to the fault phase, transition resistance, fault location, operating condition and other factors. It can accurately reflect internal-fault or external-fault with high sensitivity and reliability, which can be used as an effective supplement of current differential protection.
In view of the problem that the sensitivity of current differential protection decreases when a single-phase grounding fault occurs via transition resistance, a single-phase high-resistance grounding backup protection scheme based on voltage phasor plane is proposed. Firstly, by using the characteristic that the sequence current phase of protection installation point is approximately equal to the one of fault point, the angle between the currents of two ends of the line is calculated. Then, the phase angle difference of single-phase ground protection is obtained by calculating the difference between the measured value and calculated value of the angle between the currents of two ends of the line. Finally, based on the difference between internal and external fault in phase angle difference of single-phase grounding protection, the operating criterion of single-phase high-resistance grounding fault is presented. Simulation results based on PSCAD/EMTDC show that the scheme is immune to the fault phase, transition resistance, fault location, operating condition and other factors. It can accurately reflect internal-fault or external-fault with high sensitivity and reliability, which can be used as an effective supplement of current differential protection.
引文
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[16]MA J,MA W,QIU Y,et al.An adaptive distance protection scheme based on the voltage drop equation[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2015,30(4):1931-1940.
[17]MA J,YAN X,MA W,et al.A new adaptive distance protection scheme for a transmission line[J].Electric Power Components and Systems,2016,44(1):1-17.
[18]朱声石.高压电网继电保护原理与技术[M].3版.北京:中国电力出版社,2005.
[19]葛耀中.新型继电保护和故障测距的原理与技术[M].2版.西安:西安交通大学出版社,2007.
[20]MA J,YAN X,FAN B,et al.A novel line protection scheme for a single phase-to-ground fault based on voltage phase comparison[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2016,31(5):2018-2027.
[2]徐晓春,裘愉涛,赵萍,等.基于多维度相互校验的线路电流差动保护自校正同步策略[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(19):135-139.XU Xiaochun,QIU Yutao,ZHAO Ping,et al.Multi-dimensional cross-checking based self-correcting synchronization strategy for line current differential protection[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(19):135-139.
[3]董新洲,雷傲宇,汤兰西.电力线路行波差动保护与电流差动保护的比较研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2018,46(1):1-8.DONG Xinzhou,LEI Aoyu,TANG Lanxi.Comparative study of traveling wave differential protection and current differential protection for power lines[J].Power System Protection and Control,2018,46(1):1-8.
[4]ROOSTAEE S,THOMAS M S,MEHFUZ S.Experimental studies on impedance based fault location for long transmission lines[J].Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems,2017,2(2):169-177.DOI:10.1186/s41601-017-0048-y.
[5]裘愉涛,凌光,王一,等.浙江电网220 kV及以上交流保护十年运行状况综述[J].浙江电力,2017,36(9):1-7.QIU Yutao,LING Guang,WANG Yi,et al.Analysis on relaying protection and its operation conditions in 220 kVand above AC system of Zhejiang power grid in the last ten years[J].Zhejiang Electric Power,2017,36(9):1-7.
[6]XIA J D,SUONAN J,SONG G B,et al.Transmission line individual phase impedance and related pilot protection[J].International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems,2011,33(9):1563-1571.
[7]MA J,PEI X,MA W,et al.A new transmission line pilot differential protection principle using virtual impedance of fault component[J].Canadian Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering,2015,38(1):37-44.
[8]苗世洪,刘沛.超高压输电线路的自适应保护判据[J].电网技术,2008,32(10):43-49.MIAO Shihong,LIU Pei.Adaptive protection criterion for EHV transmission lines[J].Power System Technology,2008,32(10):43-49.
[9]刘凯,李幼仪,伊沃布林西奇,等.自适应线路差动保护新原理[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(13):3440-3450.LIU Kai,LI Youyi,IVO BRNCIC,et al.A novel adaptive differential line protection principle[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(13):3440-3450.
[10]BOLANDI T G,SEYEDI H,HASHEMI S,et al.Impedance-differential protection:a new approach to transmission-line pilot protection[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2014,30(6):2510-2518.
[11]MA J,WANG T,WANG Z P,et al.A new pilot protection scheme based on virtual sequence transition impedance[J].Electric Power Components and Systems,2017,45(9):937-948.
[12]吴继维,童晓阳,廖小君,等.基于零序差动阻抗的输电线路保护新原理研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(10):11-17.WU Jiwei,TONG Xiaoyang,LIAO Xiaojun,et al.Transmission line protection principle based on zero sequence differential impedance[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(10):11-17.
[13]LIU S,LI J,WU J,et al.Ultra-high voltage/extra-high voltage transmission-line protection based on longitudinal tapped impedance[J].IET Generation,Transmission&Distribution,2017,11(17):4158-4166.
[14]索南加乐,刘凯,张怿宁,等.基于电阻性差流的差动保护新原理[J].电力系统自动化,2007,31(16):45-59.SUONAN Jiale,LIU Kai,ZHANG Yining,et al.New principle of differential protection based on the resistance component of differential current[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2007,31(16):45-59.
[15]姜宪国,王增平,张执超,等.基于过渡电阻有功功率的单相高阻接地保护[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(13):187-193.JIANG Xianguo,WANG Zengping,ZHANG Zhichao,et al.Single-phase high-resistance fault protection based on active power of transition resistance[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(13):187-193.
[16]MA J,MA W,QIU Y,et al.An adaptive distance protection scheme based on the voltage drop equation[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2015,30(4):1931-1940.
[17]MA J,YAN X,MA W,et al.A new adaptive distance protection scheme for a transmission line[J].Electric Power Components and Systems,2016,44(1):1-17.
[18]朱声石.高压电网继电保护原理与技术[M].3版.北京:中国电力出版社,2005.
[19]葛耀中.新型继电保护和故障测距的原理与技术[M].2版.西安:西安交通大学出版社,2007.
[20]MA J,YAN X,FAN B,et al.A novel line protection scheme for a single phase-to-ground fault based on voltage phase comparison[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2016,31(5):2018-2027.