掺S三维石墨烯气凝胶对水中铅离子的电吸附去除
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摘要
利用NaHSO_3作为还原剂制备石墨烯气凝胶(graphene aerogels,GAs),利用二硫苏糖醇作为掺杂剂以及还原剂制备掺硫石墨烯气凝胶(Sulfur-doped graphene aerogels,SGAs).通过表征可以看出,与GAs电极材料相比,SGAs电极材料具有更大的比表面积以及孔径分布,更有利于电吸附去除溶液中的Pb~(2+).对比研究在不同工作电压、进水溶液的浓度以及进水流量三个实验条件下两种材料的电吸附性能,在工作电压为1.2 V时SGAs电极具有最好的去除率为36.29%.当进水流量为15 m L·min~(-1)时SGAs与GAs均具有最高的去除率,分别为37.8%、34.1%.在不同进水浓度下,SGAs的去除率均比GAs电极材料去除率高.两种电极材料在不同进水浓度下均满足进水Pb~(2+)离子的浓度越高,吸附量越高.同时经过10次的吸附/脱附电吸附循环实验可以看出两种材料均具有较好的循环再生性能.
Graphene aerogels( GAs) were prepared by using NaHSO_3 as a reductant,and sulfurdoped graphene aerogels( SGAs) were prepared by using dithiothreitol as dopant and reductant. It was observed that the SGAs electrode material had larger specific surface area and pore size distribution compared with Gas through characterization,which was beneficial to Pb~(2+)removal. The electrosorption properties of the materials were also compared at different working voltages,influent solution concentrations and influent flow rates. The highest removal rate of SGAs electrode was36.29% when the working voltage was 1.2 V. When the influent flow rate was 15 m L·min~(-1),both SGAs and Gas had the superior removal rate,which were 37. 8% and 34. 1%,respectively. The removal rate of SGAs was higher than that of GAs with different influent concentration. For both electrode materials higher adsorption capacity was obtained at higher influnt Pb~(2+)concentrations. The two electrode materials both had goog recycling performance after ten adsorption/desorption experiments.
Graphene aerogels( GAs) were prepared by using NaHSO_3 as a reductant,and sulfurdoped graphene aerogels( SGAs) were prepared by using dithiothreitol as dopant and reductant. It was observed that the SGAs electrode material had larger specific surface area and pore size distribution compared with Gas through characterization,which was beneficial to Pb~(2+)removal. The electrosorption properties of the materials were also compared at different working voltages,influent solution concentrations and influent flow rates. The highest removal rate of SGAs electrode was36.29% when the working voltage was 1.2 V. When the influent flow rate was 15 m L·min~(-1),both SGAs and Gas had the superior removal rate,which were 37. 8% and 34. 1%,respectively. The removal rate of SGAs was higher than that of GAs with different influent concentration. For both electrode materials higher adsorption capacity was obtained at higher influnt Pb~(2+)concentrations. The two electrode materials both had goog recycling performance after ten adsorption/desorption experiments.
引文
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[2]王文琪.化学法处理电镀废水的研究进展[J].电镀与环保,2017,37(2):1-4.WANG W Q.Research progress on treatment of electroplating wastewater by chemical method[J].Electroplating&Pollution Control,2017,37(2):1-4(in Chinese).
[3]唐虹,康得军,谢丹瑜.活性污泥吸附重金属离子的影响因素[J].工业用水与废水,2015,46(6):1-5.TANG H,KANG D J,XIE D Y.Influencing factors of heavy metal ions adsorption by activated sludge[J].Industrial Water&Wastewater,2015,46(6):1-5(in Chinese).
[4]赵飞,苑志华,钟鹭斌,等.电容去离子技术及其电极材料研究进展[J].水处理技术,2016,42(5):38-44.ZHAO F,YUAN Z H,ZHONG L,et al.Review on electrode materials and capacitive deionization(CDI)technology for desalination[J].Technology of Water Treatement,2016,42(5):38-44(in Chinese).
[5]吴丹,王震宇,闫艳芳,等.多孔碳材料电极在电吸附技术中的研究进展[J].辽宁大学学报(自然科学版),2016,43(3):266-271.WU D,WANG Z Y YAN Y F,et al.A short review of porous carbon electrode materials assisted electrosorption process[J].Journal of Liaoning University(Natural Science Edition),2016,43(3):266-271(in Chinese).
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[7]李智,张玉先.碳气凝胶电极电吸附除盐工艺研究[J].给水排水,2008,34(5):177-180.LI Z,ZHANG Y X.Study on the desalination process of carbon aerogel electrode by electro adsorption[J].Water&Wastewater Engineering,2008,34(5):177-180(in Chinese).
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[9]GARCIA DE ABAJO FJ.Graphene plasmonics:challenges and opportunities[J].Acs Photonics,2014,1(3):135-152.
[10]WU Z S,REN W,XU L,et al.Doped graphene sheets as anode materials with superhigh rate and large capacity for lithium ion batteries[J].Acs Nano,2011,5(7):5463-5471.
[11]KYZAS GZ,DELIYANNI EA,MATIS KA.Graphene oxide and its application as an adsorbent for wastewater treatment[J].Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology,2014,89(2):196-205.
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[17]SI W,ZHOU J,ZHANG S,et al.Tunable N-doped or dual N,S-doped activated hydrothermal carbons derived from human hair and glucose for supercapacitor applications[J].Electrochimica Acta,2013,107(3):397-405.
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[20]LV M,LI W,LIU H,et al.Enhancement of the formic acid electrooxidation activity of palladium using graphene/carbon black binary carbon supports[J].Chinese Journal of Catalysis,2017,38(5):939-947.
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[23]STOLLER MD,PARK S,ZHU Y,et al.Graphene-Based Ultracapacitors[J].Nano Letters,2008,8(10):3498-3502.
[24]HOU CH,HUANG CY,HU CY.Application of capacitive deionization technology to the removal of sodium chloride from aqueous solutions[J].International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology,2013,10(4):753-760.
[25]WEI Y,XU L,YANG K,et al.Electrosorption of toxic heavy metal ions by mono S-or N-doped and S,N-codoped 3D graphene aerogels[J].Journal of The Electrochemical Society,2017,164(2):17-22.
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