周期电场下介质内部空间电荷的检测技术及应用
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摘要
该文主要介绍周期电场下介质内部空间电荷检测技术的特点和发展现状,并对自动均分移相检测原理及应用进行了重点分析,以促进周期电场下空间电荷的理论研究。周期电场下空间电荷检测的本质是检测激励脉冲相对周期电场相位的移相检测,因此现有的周期电场下空间电荷检测皆为移相检测。传统单周期电场和移相电路多周期电场检测方法均受检测脉冲源输出频率的输出限制,空间电荷的相位分辨率较低。自动均分移相检测原理仅通过检测脉冲频率和周期电场频率的设置,即可实现任意周期电场下介质材料内空间电荷在不同相位的自动、均分移相检测,降低了周期电场下空间电荷检测的技术难度。自动均分移相检测原理的理论基础是检测脉冲在周期电场下的相位重复特性,其优势是克服了检测脉冲的频率限制,在检测脉冲频率低于周期电场频率时皆可实现高相位分辨率的检测,其相位分辨率由完成一次相位重复所需的检测脉冲数决定。实际应用中,检测参数设置需要综合考虑检测时间和空间电荷变化、数据量和存储时间、频率误差和数据平均等多方因素,对各参数进行必要的优化设置。
The detection technologies associated with space charge inside dielectric are introduced in order to promote the space charge investigation under periodic stress. For space charge detection under periodic stress, the detecting phase of excitation pulse always shift under period stress. It means that all the methods used for space charge detection under periodic stress are associated with phase shift method. For traditional detection method completing within one period and phase-shift circuit method completing within several periods, the phase resolution is hard to enhance due to the frequency limitation of detecting pulse source. According to the automatic equal phase shift principle(AEPS), the phase shift and equal detection can be easily realized only by the frequencies setting for periodic stress and detecting excitation pulse. Thus AEPS principle simplifies the space charge detection under arbitrary periodic stress and can promote the space charge research under practical stress existing in electrical devices. This principle is based on the detection phase overlap under periodic stress and overcomes the frequency limitation of detecting pulse source. The high phase resolution can be easily realized by detecting excitation pulse with low frequency. The phase resolution is determined by the amount of detecting pulse to realized one detection phase overlap for the periodic stress and the detecting excitation pulse. In practice, several conditions must be considered in order to optimize the parameters used for AEPS principle, such as the factors associated with detection time, data size of signal, and frequency errors for the periodic stress and the detecting excitation pulse.
The detection technologies associated with space charge inside dielectric are introduced in order to promote the space charge investigation under periodic stress. For space charge detection under periodic stress, the detecting phase of excitation pulse always shift under period stress. It means that all the methods used for space charge detection under periodic stress are associated with phase shift method. For traditional detection method completing within one period and phase-shift circuit method completing within several periods, the phase resolution is hard to enhance due to the frequency limitation of detecting pulse source. According to the automatic equal phase shift principle(AEPS), the phase shift and equal detection can be easily realized only by the frequencies setting for periodic stress and detecting excitation pulse. Thus AEPS principle simplifies the space charge detection under arbitrary periodic stress and can promote the space charge research under practical stress existing in electrical devices. This principle is based on the detection phase overlap under periodic stress and overcomes the frequency limitation of detecting pulse source. The high phase resolution can be easily realized by detecting excitation pulse with low frequency. The phase resolution is determined by the amount of detecting pulse to realized one detection phase overlap for the periodic stress and the detecting excitation pulse. In practice, several conditions must be considered in order to optimize the parameters used for AEPS principle, such as the factors associated with detection time, data size of signal, and frequency errors for the periodic stress and the detecting excitation pulse.
引文
[1]Laurent C,Teyssedre G,Le Roy S,et al.Charge dynamics and its energetic features in polymeric materials[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2013,20(2):367-381.
[2]Takada T.Space charge formation in dielectrics[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,1986,21(6):873-879.
[3]Fabiani D,Montanari G C,Laurent C,et al.Polymeric HVDC cable design and space charge accumulation.Part1:insulation/semicon interface[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2007,23:11-19.
[4]王海田,曹均正,张升,等.320k V交联聚乙烯直流电缆用国产基料选型研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(20):5696-5703.Wang Haitian,Cao Junzheng,Zhang Sheng,et al.Research on China-made base resin for 320k V HVDC XLPE cable[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(20):5696-5703(in Chinese).
[5]王思蛟,查俊伟,王俊甫,等.纳米Al2O3对LDPE高压直流电缆性能影响研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(20):1-6.Wang Sijiao,Zha Junwei,Wang Junfu,et al.LDPE nanocomposite filled with nano-Al2O3 as insulating material of DC cable[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(20):1-6(in Chinese).
[6]钟琼霞,兰莉,吴建东,等.交联副产物对交联聚乙烯中空间电荷行为的影响[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(11):2903-2910.Zhong Qiongxia,Lan Li,Wu Jiandong,et al.The influence of cross-linked by-products on space charge behavior in XLPE[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(11):2903-2910(in Chinese).
[7]王妲,王世强,田杰,等.油老化状态对油纸绝缘直流电场下空间电荷特性的影响[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,22:175-182,26.Wang Da,Wang Shiqiang,Tian Jie,et al.Effect of oil aging states on the space charge behavior in oil-paper insulation under DC electric field[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(22):175-182,26(in Chinese).
[8]Takada T,Sakai T.Measurement of electric fields at a dielectric/electrode interface using an acoustic transducer technique[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,1983,18(6):619-628.
[9]Fukuma M,Teyssedre G,Laurent C,et al.Millisecond time-range analysis of space-charge distribution and electroluminescence in insulating polymers under transient electric stress[J].Journal of Applied Physics,2005,98(9):093528.
[10]Wu X,Chen G,Davies A E,et al.Space charge measurements in polyethylene under DC and AC operating conditions using the PEA technique[C]//International Conference on Dielectric Materials,Measurements and Applications.Edinburgh,UK:IET,2000:57-62.
[11]Thomas C,Teyssedre G,Laurent C.Space-charge dynamic in polyethylene:from DC to AC stress[J].Journal of Physics D:Applied Physics,2011,44(1):015401.
[12]Ho Y F F,Chen G,Davies A E,et al.Measurement of space charge in XLPE insulation under 50Hz AC electric stresses using the LIPP method[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2002,9(3):362-370.
[13]See A,Fothergill J C,Dissado L A,et al.Measurement of space-charge distributions in solid insulators under rapidly varying voltage using the high-voltage,high-speed pulsed electro-acoustic(PEA)apparatus[J].Measurement Science and Technology,2001,12(8):1227.
[14]Wu J,Wan J,Yin Y,et al.An automatic Equal Phase Shift Principle for Space Charge Measurement under Periodic Stress of An Arbitrary Waveform[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2016,23(3):1820-1828.
[15]Xu Z,Zhao J,Chen G.An improved pulsed electroacoutic system for space charge measurement under AC conditions[C]//IEEE International Conference on Solid Dielectrics(ICSD).Potsdam,Germany:IEEE,2010:1-4.
[16]Li Ying,J.Kawai,Y.Ebinuma,et al.Space charge behavior under ac voltage in water-treed PE observed by the PEA method[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,1997,4(1):52-57.
[17]Hao M,Hao J,Fu J,et al.Space charge dynamics in oil-impregnated pressboard under AC electric field[C]//IEEE Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena(CEIDP).MI,USA:IEEE,2015:118-121.
[18]Wan Jiadong,Wu Jiandong,Huang Ruodong,et al.Space charge measurement system using high-frequency pulse generator[C]//IEEE International Conference on Properties and Applications of Dielectric Materials(ICPADM).Sydney,Australia:IEEE,2015:1-4.
[19]Wu J,Huang R,Wan J,et al.Phase identification for space charge measurement under periodic stress of arbitrary waveform based on the hilbert transform[J].Measurement Science and Technology,2016,27:045004.
[20]Wu J,Yin Y,Lan L,et.Al.Space charge trapping and conduction in low-density polyethylene/silica nanocomposite[J].Japanese Journal of Applied Physics,2012,51:041602.
[2]Takada T.Space charge formation in dielectrics[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,1986,21(6):873-879.
[3]Fabiani D,Montanari G C,Laurent C,et al.Polymeric HVDC cable design and space charge accumulation.Part1:insulation/semicon interface[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2007,23:11-19.
[4]王海田,曹均正,张升,等.320k V交联聚乙烯直流电缆用国产基料选型研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(20):5696-5703.Wang Haitian,Cao Junzheng,Zhang Sheng,et al.Research on China-made base resin for 320k V HVDC XLPE cable[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(20):5696-5703(in Chinese).
[5]王思蛟,查俊伟,王俊甫,等.纳米Al2O3对LDPE高压直流电缆性能影响研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(20):1-6.Wang Sijiao,Zha Junwei,Wang Junfu,et al.LDPE nanocomposite filled with nano-Al2O3 as insulating material of DC cable[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(20):1-6(in Chinese).
[6]钟琼霞,兰莉,吴建东,等.交联副产物对交联聚乙烯中空间电荷行为的影响[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(11):2903-2910.Zhong Qiongxia,Lan Li,Wu Jiandong,et al.The influence of cross-linked by-products on space charge behavior in XLPE[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(11):2903-2910(in Chinese).
[7]王妲,王世强,田杰,等.油老化状态对油纸绝缘直流电场下空间电荷特性的影响[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,22:175-182,26.Wang Da,Wang Shiqiang,Tian Jie,et al.Effect of oil aging states on the space charge behavior in oil-paper insulation under DC electric field[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(22):175-182,26(in Chinese).
[8]Takada T,Sakai T.Measurement of electric fields at a dielectric/electrode interface using an acoustic transducer technique[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,1983,18(6):619-628.
[9]Fukuma M,Teyssedre G,Laurent C,et al.Millisecond time-range analysis of space-charge distribution and electroluminescence in insulating polymers under transient electric stress[J].Journal of Applied Physics,2005,98(9):093528.
[10]Wu X,Chen G,Davies A E,et al.Space charge measurements in polyethylene under DC and AC operating conditions using the PEA technique[C]//International Conference on Dielectric Materials,Measurements and Applications.Edinburgh,UK:IET,2000:57-62.
[11]Thomas C,Teyssedre G,Laurent C.Space-charge dynamic in polyethylene:from DC to AC stress[J].Journal of Physics D:Applied Physics,2011,44(1):015401.
[12]Ho Y F F,Chen G,Davies A E,et al.Measurement of space charge in XLPE insulation under 50Hz AC electric stresses using the LIPP method[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2002,9(3):362-370.
[13]See A,Fothergill J C,Dissado L A,et al.Measurement of space-charge distributions in solid insulators under rapidly varying voltage using the high-voltage,high-speed pulsed electro-acoustic(PEA)apparatus[J].Measurement Science and Technology,2001,12(8):1227.
[14]Wu J,Wan J,Yin Y,et al.An automatic Equal Phase Shift Principle for Space Charge Measurement under Periodic Stress of An Arbitrary Waveform[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2016,23(3):1820-1828.
[15]Xu Z,Zhao J,Chen G.An improved pulsed electroacoutic system for space charge measurement under AC conditions[C]//IEEE International Conference on Solid Dielectrics(ICSD).Potsdam,Germany:IEEE,2010:1-4.
[16]Li Ying,J.Kawai,Y.Ebinuma,et al.Space charge behavior under ac voltage in water-treed PE observed by the PEA method[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,1997,4(1):52-57.
[17]Hao M,Hao J,Fu J,et al.Space charge dynamics in oil-impregnated pressboard under AC electric field[C]//IEEE Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena(CEIDP).MI,USA:IEEE,2015:118-121.
[18]Wan Jiadong,Wu Jiandong,Huang Ruodong,et al.Space charge measurement system using high-frequency pulse generator[C]//IEEE International Conference on Properties and Applications of Dielectric Materials(ICPADM).Sydney,Australia:IEEE,2015:1-4.
[19]Wu J,Huang R,Wan J,et al.Phase identification for space charge measurement under periodic stress of arbitrary waveform based on the hilbert transform[J].Measurement Science and Technology,2016,27:045004.
[20]Wu J,Yin Y,Lan L,et.Al.Space charge trapping and conduction in low-density polyethylene/silica nanocomposite[J].Japanese Journal of Applied Physics,2012,51:041602.