干热胁迫对杨树叶片气体交换和叶绿素荧光参数的影响
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摘要
为了探讨干热胁迫对不同品种杨树叶片气体交换和叶绿素荧光参数的影响,以吴屯杨、小青杨和小美旱杨一年生嫩枝为材料,利用人工气候箱和PEG浓度控制生长温度、干旱条件,处理24 h后测定气体交换和叶绿素荧光参数以及光合色素的含量。结果表明:1)随着胁迫程度的增加,3种杨树叶片的净光合速率(Pn)和气孔导度(Gs)随着干热胁迫的程度增加均呈先上升后下降的趋势,胞间CO2浓度(Ci)则整体呈下降趋势,吴屯杨和小美旱杨的蒸腾速率(Tr)呈先上升后下降的趋势,而小青杨叶片的蒸腾速率持续增加,在重度干热胁迫时达到最大值;2)3种杨树在重度干热胁迫条件下光系统Ⅱ反应中心及其电子传递链的结构均受到了不同程度的损伤;3)3个杨树品种的类胡萝卜素含量随干热胁迫程度的增加呈稳定上升的趋势,总叶绿素与叶绿素a、b含量总体呈下降趋势。4)综合各项生理指标结果分析,3种杨树中,小青杨和吴屯杨的耐干热能力较强,小美旱杨最弱。
In order to investigate the effects of drought and heat stress on gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of different varieties of poplar leaves, the annual twigs of Wutun poplar, populus pseudo-simonii and populus popular's were taken as materials, and the artificial climate box and PEG concentration to control growth temperature and drought conditions were adopted, after the materials were treated for 24 hours, the gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters as well as the content of photosynthetic pigments were measured. The results show that 1) As the degree of intimidation increases, Pn and Gs of the three varieties of poplar leaves all showed a tendency of first increasing and then decreasing; and the intercellular CO2 concentration(Ci) showed an increasing tendency; and Tr of Wutun poplar and populus popular's showed a tendency of first increasing and then decreasing, while that of populus pseudo-simonii continually increased and reached the maximum value in the conditions of heavy drought and heat stress. 2) The determination results of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters showed that the structures of photosystem Ⅱ reaction center and its electron transport chain of the three varieties of poplar were all damaged in different degrees in the conditions of heavy drought and heat stress. 3) The contents of carotenoids in the three poplar varieties showed a tendency of constant increasing with the increase of drought and heat stress, while the contents of total chlorophyll and chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b decreased. 4) Based on the analysis of the results of various physiological indicators, among the three poplar varieties, populus pseudo-simonii and Wutun poplar had strong resistance to drought and heat, while populus popular's had the weakest resistance.
In order to investigate the effects of drought and heat stress on gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of different varieties of poplar leaves, the annual twigs of Wutun poplar, populus pseudo-simonii and populus popular's were taken as materials, and the artificial climate box and PEG concentration to control growth temperature and drought conditions were adopted, after the materials were treated for 24 hours, the gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters as well as the content of photosynthetic pigments were measured. The results show that 1) As the degree of intimidation increases, Pn and Gs of the three varieties of poplar leaves all showed a tendency of first increasing and then decreasing; and the intercellular CO2 concentration(Ci) showed an increasing tendency; and Tr of Wutun poplar and populus popular's showed a tendency of first increasing and then decreasing, while that of populus pseudo-simonii continually increased and reached the maximum value in the conditions of heavy drought and heat stress. 2) The determination results of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters showed that the structures of photosystem Ⅱ reaction center and its electron transport chain of the three varieties of poplar were all damaged in different degrees in the conditions of heavy drought and heat stress. 3) The contents of carotenoids in the three poplar varieties showed a tendency of constant increasing with the increase of drought and heat stress, while the contents of total chlorophyll and chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b decreased. 4) Based on the analysis of the results of various physiological indicators, among the three poplar varieties, populus pseudo-simonii and Wutun poplar had strong resistance to drought and heat, while populus popular's had the weakest resistance.
引文
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[14]罗海波,马苓,段伟,等.高温胁迫对赤霞珠葡萄光合作用的影响[J].中国农业科学,2010,43(13):2744-2750.
[15]王素平,郭世荣,胡晓辉,等.盐胁迫对黄瓜幼苗叶片光合色素含量的影响[J].江西农业大学学报,2006,28(1):32-38.
[16]孙宪芝,郑成淑,王秀峰.高温胁迫对切花菊“神马”光合作用与叶绿素荧光的影响[J].应用生态学报,2008,19(10):2149-2154.
[17]杜尧东,李键陵,王华,等.高温胁迫对水稻剑叶光合和叶绿素荧光特征的影响[J].生态学杂志,2012,31(10):2541-2548.
[18]张雅,傅鸿妃.高温胁迫对茄子幼苗抗氧化系统和叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J].浙江农业科学,2010(2):246-250.
[2]徐萍,李进,吕海英,等.干旱胁迫对银沙槐幼苗叶绿体和线粒体超微结构及膜脂过氧化的影响[J].干旱区研究,2016,33(1):120-130.
[3]HOLSTEN A,VETTER T,VOHLAND K,et al.Impact of climate change on soil moisture dynamics in Brandenburg with a focus on nature conservation areas[J].Ecological Modelling,2009,220:2076-2087.
[4]黄磊,姜国斌,朱玉,等.高温对北高丛蓝毒叶片气体交换及叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J].生态学杂志,2016,35(4):871-879.
[5]MITTLER R.Abiotic stress,the field environment and stress combination[J].Trends in Plant Science,2006,11(1):15-19.
[6]牟兰,何承刚,姜华,等.干热胁迫对紫花苜蓿光合特性的影响[J].草地学报,2014,22(3):550-555.
[7]黄绢,陈存,张伟溪,等.干旱胁迫对转JERF36银中杨苗木叶片解剖结构及光合特性的影响[J].林业科学,2017,53(5):8-15.
[8]高榕择,邹吉祥,赵丹,等.高温胁迫对杨树保护酶活性的影响[J].天津农业科学,2016,22(3):8-11.
[9]李春明,于文喜.秋季低温胁迫对杨树叶绿素荧光的影响[J].林业科技,2011,36(2):5-7
[10]丁丽娜,金华,殷鸣放,等.盐胁迫对杨树幼苗叶片光合色素及气体交换特征的影响[J].西北植物学报,2006,26(12):2523-2527.
[11]贾斌英,王伟,赵允鹏,等.速生耐盐碱吴屯杨生长表现[J].东北林业大学学报,2009,37(6):4-6.
[12]MAHAN J R,MAUGET S A.Antioxidant metabolism in cotton seedlings exposed to temperature stress in the field[J].Crop science,2005,45(6):2337-2345.
[13]张顺堂,张桂莲,陈立云,等.高温胁迫对水稻剑叶净光合速率和叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J].中国水稻科学,2011,25(3):335-338.
[14]罗海波,马苓,段伟,等.高温胁迫对赤霞珠葡萄光合作用的影响[J].中国农业科学,2010,43(13):2744-2750.
[15]王素平,郭世荣,胡晓辉,等.盐胁迫对黄瓜幼苗叶片光合色素含量的影响[J].江西农业大学学报,2006,28(1):32-38.
[16]孙宪芝,郑成淑,王秀峰.高温胁迫对切花菊“神马”光合作用与叶绿素荧光的影响[J].应用生态学报,2008,19(10):2149-2154.
[17]杜尧东,李键陵,王华,等.高温胁迫对水稻剑叶光合和叶绿素荧光特征的影响[J].生态学杂志,2012,31(10):2541-2548.
[18]张雅,傅鸿妃.高温胁迫对茄子幼苗抗氧化系统和叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J].浙江农业科学,2010(2):246-250.