热电联产中热电效益分摊的应用分析
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摘要
热电效益分摊方法是核算热电厂中电、热2种产品成本的重要方法,合理使用可以有效评价其经营收益,进而影响热的定价,关系着供热企业和热用户的利益。文章基于热力学第一定律和第二定律,结合抽凝机组的热力参数,利用热量法、实际焓降法、做功能力法,对比分析了在改变供汽量或抽汽量时的热电分摊比变化。结果表明:供汽量不变,随着抽汽量的增加,热电分摊比不断增大,3种方法再热前后的热电分摊比计算在分别下降了15%、0%、40%;抽汽量不变,随着供汽量的增加,热电分摊比不断减少,3种方法再热前后的热电分摊比计算分别下降了15%、0%、42%;额定抽汽量、供汽量时,做功能力法的热电分摊比结果不变。
The method of sharing heat and power benefit is an important method to calculate the cost of the two kinds of electricity and heat in the thermal power plant. The rational use of sharing method can effectively evaluate its operating income,and affect the pricing of heat,which is related to the interests of the heating enterprises and the hot users. Based on the first law and the second law of thermodynamic,combined with the thermodynamic parameters of condensing unit,the 3 methods are compared and analyzed by using the heat method,the actual enthalpy drop method and the work ability method. The results show that the amount of steam supply is unchanged and with the increase of gas supply,the ratio of heat and electricity increase gradually. The ratio of heat and electricity calculated by the 3 methods decreases by 15%,0% and 40% respectively without considering reheat. The amount of steam extraction changed with the increase of gas supply,considering the reheat the ratio of heat and electricity calculated by the 3 methods decreases by 15%,0% and 42%respectively without considering reheat. When the rated steam extraction and steam supply are available,the ratio of heat and electricity by work capacity method does not change
The method of sharing heat and power benefit is an important method to calculate the cost of the two kinds of electricity and heat in the thermal power plant. The rational use of sharing method can effectively evaluate its operating income,and affect the pricing of heat,which is related to the interests of the heating enterprises and the hot users. Based on the first law and the second law of thermodynamic,combined with the thermodynamic parameters of condensing unit,the 3 methods are compared and analyzed by using the heat method,the actual enthalpy drop method and the work ability method. The results show that the amount of steam supply is unchanged and with the increase of gas supply,the ratio of heat and electricity increase gradually. The ratio of heat and electricity calculated by the 3 methods decreases by 15%,0% and 40% respectively without considering reheat. The amount of steam extraction changed with the increase of gas supply,considering the reheat the ratio of heat and electricity calculated by the 3 methods decreases by 15%,0% and 42%respectively without considering reheat. When the rated steam extraction and steam supply are available,the ratio of heat and electricity by work capacity method does not change
引文
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[2]郑体宽,常国蓉.热力发电厂[M].北京:水利电力出版社,1995.
[3]李沛峰,杨勇平,戈志华,等.300MW热电联产供热系统分析与能耗计算[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(23):15-20,144.
[4]李建刚,杨宏民.合理确定供热汽轮机热电分摊比的新方法[J].汽轮机技术,2014,56(6):443-446,450.
[5]Gaggioli R A,El-Sayed Y M.A critical review of second law costing methods-II:calculus procedures[J].Journal of Energy Resources Technology,1989,111(1):8-15.
[6]Yan L,Mi P Y,Li W T,et al.Full operating conditions optimization study of new co-generation heating system based on waste heat utilization of exhausted steam[J].Energy Conversion and Management,2018,155:91-99.
[7]石志云,陈海平,王忠平,等.热电联产机组热电成本分摊理论综述[J].节能,2012,31(8):12-16.
[8]石志云.热电联产机组热电成本分摊算法研究[D].保定:华北电力大学,2013.
[9]张伟.热电联产企业成本核算方法及管理指标体系研究[D].济南:山东大学,2015.
[10]庞乐,王宝玉,黄立彬.热、电负荷分配的经济效益分析[J].中国电力,2016,49(4):131-133,140.
[11]胡三高,杨勇平.热电厂供热成本与热价确定方法的评估[J].电力技术,1992(3):40-43.
[12]冯霄,钱立伦,蔡颐年.热电联产中热,电分摊比的合理确定[J].工程热物理学报,1997(4):409-412.
[13]亓海青,韩巍,张娜.基于品位的成本分摊方法及其应用[J].工程热物理学报,2016,37(6):1141-1146.
[14]程伟良,王清照,王加璇,等.分析能耗的边际()成本模型[J].中国电机工程学报,2004,24(10):179-182.
[15]宋伟明,丁军威.热电联产电厂供热的直接和间接效益分析[J].华电技术,2015,37(1):1-4.