1000 MW汽轮发电机转子绕组匝间短路故障诊断与分析
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摘要
发电机转子绕组匝间短路故障由于发生次数多、故障诊断难度大、故障后果严重等原因,严重威胁电厂电气主设备的安全稳定运行。因此,如何准确诊断大型汽轮发电机转子绕组匝间短路故障就成了电力行业亟待解决的难题之一。文中首先介绍了转子匝间发生短路故障的原因、故障的分类和故障的分析诊断方法等内容,接着以一起刚投产的1 000 MW汽轮发电机转子绕组匝间发生短路故障的案例为基础,说明了转子匝间短路故障的诊断方法和过程。根据电气试验的结果和现场检查情况,确定转子线圈拐角处铜线打磨不充分是造成转子匝间发生短路故障的主要原因。
The inter-turn short-circuit fault of the generator rotor winding is seriously threatening the safe and stable operation of the electrical main equipment of the power plant due to the frequent occurrence,the difficulty of fault diagnosis and the serious consequences of the fault. Therefore,how to diagnose the fault of large turbo generator rotor winding inter-turn short circuit becomes one of the most difficult problems to be solved in power industry. In this paper,the causes of short-circuit faults in the rotor turn,the classification of faults and the analysis and diagnosis methods of faults are first introduced. Then,based on the case of short-circuit faults occurring in the rotor windings of the 1 000 MW turbine generators that have just been put into production. The diagnosis method and process of the inter-turn short circuit fault of the rotor are explained. According to the results of the electrical test and the on-site inspection,it is determined that the insufficient copper wire grinding at the corner of the rotor coil is the main cause of short-circuit faults between the rotor turns.
The inter-turn short-circuit fault of the generator rotor winding is seriously threatening the safe and stable operation of the electrical main equipment of the power plant due to the frequent occurrence,the difficulty of fault diagnosis and the serious consequences of the fault. Therefore,how to diagnose the fault of large turbo generator rotor winding inter-turn short circuit becomes one of the most difficult problems to be solved in power industry. In this paper,the causes of short-circuit faults in the rotor turn,the classification of faults and the analysis and diagnosis methods of faults are first introduced. Then,based on the case of short-circuit faults occurring in the rotor windings of the 1 000 MW turbine generators that have just been put into production. The diagnosis method and process of the inter-turn short circuit fault of the rotor are explained. According to the results of the electrical test and the on-site inspection,it is determined that the insufficient copper wire grinding at the corner of the rotor coil is the main cause of short-circuit faults between the rotor turns.
引文
[1]李永刚,马明晗,武玉才,等.汽轮发电机转子绕组匝间短路故障程度诊断方法[J].电机与控制学报,2018(6):62-69.LI Yonggang,MA Minghan,WU Yucai,et al. Diagnostic method of turbo generator rotor winding inter-turn short circuit fault degree[J]. Electric Machines and Control,2018(6):62-69.
[2]张超,夏立,吴正国,等.同步发电机转子绕组匝间短路故障特征规律分析[J].高电压技术,2010,36(6):1506-1512.ZHANG Chao,XIA Li,WU Zhengguo,et al. Analysis on fault characteristics law of interturn short circuit in synchronous generator rotor winding[J]. High Voltage Technology,2010,36(6):1506-1512.
[3]班国邦,李永刚,赵立进,等.基于电磁特性的转子绕组动态匝间短路故障联合诊断方法研究[J].华北电力大学学报(自然科学版),2014,41(3):32-35.BAN Guobang,LI Yonggang,ZHAO Lijin,et al. Research on joint diagnostic methods of dynamic rotor winding inter-turn short circuit fault based on the electromagnetic properties[J].Journal of North China Electric Power University,2014,41(3):32-35.
[4]李永刚,李和明,赵华.汽轮发电机转子绕组匝间短路故障诊断新判据[J].中国电机工程学报,2003,23(6):112-116,169.LI Yonggang,LI Heming,ZHAO Hua.The new criterion of inter turn short-circuit fault diagnose of steam turbine generator rotor winding[J]. Proceedings of the Chinese Society for Electrical Engineering,2003,23(6):112-116,169.
[5]万书亭,李和明,李永刚.转子匝间短路对发电机定转子振动特性的影响[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(10):122-126.WAN Shuting,LI Heming,LI Yonggang. Analysis of generator vibration characteristic on rotor winding inter-turn short circuit fault[J]. Proceedings of the Chinese Society for Electrical Engineering,2005,25(10):122-126.
[6]褚岩.汽轮发电机转子绕组匝间短路的故障原因与磁场分析[J].沈阳工程学院学报(自然科学版),2005,1(4):41-43.CHU Yan.Analysis on magnetic field and fault of interturn short circuit in rotor winding of turbo generator[J]. Journal of Shenyang Institute of Engineering(natural sciences),2005,1(4):41-43.
[7]张亮杰.大型汽轮发电机转子绕组匝间短路的故障处理与分析[J].江西电力职业技术学院学报,2010,23(2):33-35.ZHANG Liangjie. Treatment and analysis of large turbo-generator rotor winding inter-turn short circuit fault[J]. Journal of Jiangxi Vocational and Technical College of Electricity,2010,23(2):33-35.
[8]赵艳军,李永刚,武玉才,等.汽轮发电机转子匝间短路时转子振动特性分析[J].华北电力大学学报,2008,35(5):16-21.ZHAO Yanjun,LI Yonggang,WU Yucai,et al. Analysis of rotor vibration characteristic for turbine generator rotor winding interturn short circuit fault[J]. Journal of North China Electric Power University,2008,35(5):16-21.
[9]秦福元,黄学冈,张军,等. 1 000 MW超超临界汽轮发电机转子线圈装配工艺[J].东方电气评论,2008,23(2):64-68.QING Fuyuan,HUANG Xuejun,ZHANG Jun,et al. Rotor assembly technology of 1 000 MW ultra-super critical steam turbine generator[J]. Dongfang Electric Review,2008,23(2):64-68.
[10]关建军.大型汽轮发电机转子绕组匝间短路故障的诊断研究[J].大电机技术,2003(2):18-22,27.GUAN Jianjun.Study on the diagnosis of inter-turn short-circuit fault in rotor of large turbo generator[J]. Large Electric Machine and Hydraulic Turbine,2003(2):18-22,27.
[11]党晓强,刘俊勇,杨可,等.大型发电机绕组电气故障分析[J].四川电力技术,2005(5):5-7.DANG Xiaoqiang,LIU Junyong,YANG Ke. Electrical fault analysis for large synchronous generator winding[J]. Sichuan Electric Power Technology,2005(5):5-7.
[12]李滨波.大型汽轮发电机组主要故障分类及分析[J].西北电力技术,2003,31(5):29-30,39.LI Binbo. Main fault classification&analysis of large-scale generator[J]. Northwest China Electric Power,2003,31(5):29-30,39.
[13]林琳,黄保志.某汽轮机轴振监测系统故障分析处理[J].广东电力,2017,30(9):33-36.LIN Lin,HUANG Baozhi. Analysis and treatment for fault of shaft vibration monitoring system of steam turbine[J]. Guangdong Electric Power,2017,30(9):33-36.
[14]杨洪涛,赵海蓉.浅析发电机转子绕组交流阻抗的测量[J].电力系统自动化,2001,25(11):58-59,61.YANG Hongtao,ZHAO Hairong. Method for measuring AC impedance of generator rotor and effects on decision of turn-toturn short circuit fault[J]. Automation Of Electric Power Systems,2001,25(11):58-59,61.
[15]纪璇,李永刚,董延昌.重复脉冲法检测发电机转子绕组匝间短路故障的研究[J].实验室科学,2010,13(3):87-89.JI Xuan,LI Yonggang,DONG Yanchang. Research on interturn short-circuit fault in the rotor winding of generator tested by repetitive surge oscilloscope[J]. Laboratory Science,2010,13(3):87-89.
[16]WOOD J W,HINDMARCH R T. Rotor winding short detection[J]. IEE Proceedings. Part B:Electric Power Applications,1986,133(3):181-189.
[17]吴宇辉,席斌,余学文,等.一起汽轮发电机转子匝间短路缺陷的查找与分析[J].大电机技术,2012(1):1-4,9.WU Yuhui,XI Bin,YU Xuewen,et al. Analysis and location on inter-turn short circuit fault of turbo generator rotor winding[J]. Large Electric Machine and Hydraulic Turbine,2012(1):1-4,9.
[18]刘俊英.大型汽轮发电机转子匝间短路原因分析及磁的影响[J].大电机技术,2014(2):36-39.LIU Junying. The causes of inter-turn short circuit of large turbo-generator rotor and influence of magnetism[J].Large Electric Machine and Hydraulic Turbine,2014(2):36-39.
[19]孙宇光,余锡文,魏锟,等.发电机绕组匝间故障检测的新型探测线圈[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(6):917-924.SUN Yuguang,YU Xiwen,WEI Kun,et al. A new type of search coil for detecting inter-turn faults in synchronous machines[J]. Proceedings of the Chinese Society for Electrical Engineering,2014,34(6):917-924.
[20]朱玲,王建锋,时维俊.基于变流器网侧电流的双馈风力发电机转子绕组故障诊断[J].江苏电机工程,2016,35(3):76-79,83.ZHU Ling, WANG Jianfeng, SHI Weijun. Double-fed induction generator rotor fault diagnosis based on grid-side current of back-to-back converter[J]. Jiangsu Electrical Engineering,2016,35(3):76-79,83.
[21]隐极同步发电机转子匝间短路故障诊断导则:DL/T1525—2016[S].北京:中国电力出版社,2016.Guide for detection of interturn short-circuit fault in cylindrical rotor of synchronous machines:DL/T 1525—2016[S].Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2016.
[2]张超,夏立,吴正国,等.同步发电机转子绕组匝间短路故障特征规律分析[J].高电压技术,2010,36(6):1506-1512.ZHANG Chao,XIA Li,WU Zhengguo,et al. Analysis on fault characteristics law of interturn short circuit in synchronous generator rotor winding[J]. High Voltage Technology,2010,36(6):1506-1512.
[3]班国邦,李永刚,赵立进,等.基于电磁特性的转子绕组动态匝间短路故障联合诊断方法研究[J].华北电力大学学报(自然科学版),2014,41(3):32-35.BAN Guobang,LI Yonggang,ZHAO Lijin,et al. Research on joint diagnostic methods of dynamic rotor winding inter-turn short circuit fault based on the electromagnetic properties[J].Journal of North China Electric Power University,2014,41(3):32-35.
[4]李永刚,李和明,赵华.汽轮发电机转子绕组匝间短路故障诊断新判据[J].中国电机工程学报,2003,23(6):112-116,169.LI Yonggang,LI Heming,ZHAO Hua.The new criterion of inter turn short-circuit fault diagnose of steam turbine generator rotor winding[J]. Proceedings of the Chinese Society for Electrical Engineering,2003,23(6):112-116,169.
[5]万书亭,李和明,李永刚.转子匝间短路对发电机定转子振动特性的影响[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(10):122-126.WAN Shuting,LI Heming,LI Yonggang. Analysis of generator vibration characteristic on rotor winding inter-turn short circuit fault[J]. Proceedings of the Chinese Society for Electrical Engineering,2005,25(10):122-126.
[6]褚岩.汽轮发电机转子绕组匝间短路的故障原因与磁场分析[J].沈阳工程学院学报(自然科学版),2005,1(4):41-43.CHU Yan.Analysis on magnetic field and fault of interturn short circuit in rotor winding of turbo generator[J]. Journal of Shenyang Institute of Engineering(natural sciences),2005,1(4):41-43.
[7]张亮杰.大型汽轮发电机转子绕组匝间短路的故障处理与分析[J].江西电力职业技术学院学报,2010,23(2):33-35.ZHANG Liangjie. Treatment and analysis of large turbo-generator rotor winding inter-turn short circuit fault[J]. Journal of Jiangxi Vocational and Technical College of Electricity,2010,23(2):33-35.
[8]赵艳军,李永刚,武玉才,等.汽轮发电机转子匝间短路时转子振动特性分析[J].华北电力大学学报,2008,35(5):16-21.ZHAO Yanjun,LI Yonggang,WU Yucai,et al. Analysis of rotor vibration characteristic for turbine generator rotor winding interturn short circuit fault[J]. Journal of North China Electric Power University,2008,35(5):16-21.
[9]秦福元,黄学冈,张军,等. 1 000 MW超超临界汽轮发电机转子线圈装配工艺[J].东方电气评论,2008,23(2):64-68.QING Fuyuan,HUANG Xuejun,ZHANG Jun,et al. Rotor assembly technology of 1 000 MW ultra-super critical steam turbine generator[J]. Dongfang Electric Review,2008,23(2):64-68.
[10]关建军.大型汽轮发电机转子绕组匝间短路故障的诊断研究[J].大电机技术,2003(2):18-22,27.GUAN Jianjun.Study on the diagnosis of inter-turn short-circuit fault in rotor of large turbo generator[J]. Large Electric Machine and Hydraulic Turbine,2003(2):18-22,27.
[11]党晓强,刘俊勇,杨可,等.大型发电机绕组电气故障分析[J].四川电力技术,2005(5):5-7.DANG Xiaoqiang,LIU Junyong,YANG Ke. Electrical fault analysis for large synchronous generator winding[J]. Sichuan Electric Power Technology,2005(5):5-7.
[12]李滨波.大型汽轮发电机组主要故障分类及分析[J].西北电力技术,2003,31(5):29-30,39.LI Binbo. Main fault classification&analysis of large-scale generator[J]. Northwest China Electric Power,2003,31(5):29-30,39.
[13]林琳,黄保志.某汽轮机轴振监测系统故障分析处理[J].广东电力,2017,30(9):33-36.LIN Lin,HUANG Baozhi. Analysis and treatment for fault of shaft vibration monitoring system of steam turbine[J]. Guangdong Electric Power,2017,30(9):33-36.
[14]杨洪涛,赵海蓉.浅析发电机转子绕组交流阻抗的测量[J].电力系统自动化,2001,25(11):58-59,61.YANG Hongtao,ZHAO Hairong. Method for measuring AC impedance of generator rotor and effects on decision of turn-toturn short circuit fault[J]. Automation Of Electric Power Systems,2001,25(11):58-59,61.
[15]纪璇,李永刚,董延昌.重复脉冲法检测发电机转子绕组匝间短路故障的研究[J].实验室科学,2010,13(3):87-89.JI Xuan,LI Yonggang,DONG Yanchang. Research on interturn short-circuit fault in the rotor winding of generator tested by repetitive surge oscilloscope[J]. Laboratory Science,2010,13(3):87-89.
[16]WOOD J W,HINDMARCH R T. Rotor winding short detection[J]. IEE Proceedings. Part B:Electric Power Applications,1986,133(3):181-189.
[17]吴宇辉,席斌,余学文,等.一起汽轮发电机转子匝间短路缺陷的查找与分析[J].大电机技术,2012(1):1-4,9.WU Yuhui,XI Bin,YU Xuewen,et al. Analysis and location on inter-turn short circuit fault of turbo generator rotor winding[J]. Large Electric Machine and Hydraulic Turbine,2012(1):1-4,9.
[18]刘俊英.大型汽轮发电机转子匝间短路原因分析及磁的影响[J].大电机技术,2014(2):36-39.LIU Junying. The causes of inter-turn short circuit of large turbo-generator rotor and influence of magnetism[J].Large Electric Machine and Hydraulic Turbine,2014(2):36-39.
[19]孙宇光,余锡文,魏锟,等.发电机绕组匝间故障检测的新型探测线圈[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(6):917-924.SUN Yuguang,YU Xiwen,WEI Kun,et al. A new type of search coil for detecting inter-turn faults in synchronous machines[J]. Proceedings of the Chinese Society for Electrical Engineering,2014,34(6):917-924.
[20]朱玲,王建锋,时维俊.基于变流器网侧电流的双馈风力发电机转子绕组故障诊断[J].江苏电机工程,2016,35(3):76-79,83.ZHU Ling, WANG Jianfeng, SHI Weijun. Double-fed induction generator rotor fault diagnosis based on grid-side current of back-to-back converter[J]. Jiangsu Electrical Engineering,2016,35(3):76-79,83.
[21]隐极同步发电机转子匝间短路故障诊断导则:DL/T1525—2016[S].北京:中国电力出版社,2016.Guide for detection of interturn short-circuit fault in cylindrical rotor of synchronous machines:DL/T 1525—2016[S].Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2016.