基于柔性互联的独立微电网分布式优化调度方法
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摘要
围绕不同独立微电网之间的互联运行控制问题,采用基于双向AC/DC变流器的柔性互联方法连接独立微电网。每个微电网与相连的变流器交流侧单独构成一个控制区域,区域内部网络采用支路潮流模型,集中优化光伏单元、储能系统和柴油发电机组等设备;相邻区域交互区域边界有功功率,采用基于交替方向乘子法的分布式优化算法协调控制不同微电网内的资源。正常工作条件下,通过柔性互联装置可实现各微电网内设备的协调互补,提高系统运行经济性;设备故障条件下,基于柔性互联装置的灵活控制和功率支撑能力,可减小故障微电网的停电范围。最后用仿真案例验证了不同运行工况下上述方法的有效性。
In this paper, a flexible interconnection method based on bidirectional AC/DC converter is proposed to connect independent microgrids to deal with interconnection operation control problem between different independent microgrids. Each microgrid and the AC side of the connected converter constitute an independent control area. A branch flow model is proposed in intra-area network to centrally optimize photovoltaic unit, energy storage system and diesel engine generator. The active powers at area boundary are interacted with each other, and computations with distributed optimization algorithm are carried out in the interconnected areas based on alternating direction multiplier method(ADMM) to coordinate the control resources in different microgrids. The operational economy can be enhanced by utilizing the complementary characteristics of microgrids via flexible interconnection control under normal operation conditions. While under the situation of equipment failure, the blackout range of the faulty microgrid can be reduced through flexible control and power support capability of the flexible interconnection device. Finally, effectiveness of the proposed method is verified with simulation cases under different operation conditions.
In this paper, a flexible interconnection method based on bidirectional AC/DC converter is proposed to connect independent microgrids to deal with interconnection operation control problem between different independent microgrids. Each microgrid and the AC side of the connected converter constitute an independent control area. A branch flow model is proposed in intra-area network to centrally optimize photovoltaic unit, energy storage system and diesel engine generator. The active powers at area boundary are interacted with each other, and computations with distributed optimization algorithm are carried out in the interconnected areas based on alternating direction multiplier method(ADMM) to coordinate the control resources in different microgrids. The operational economy can be enhanced by utilizing the complementary characteristics of microgrids via flexible interconnection control under normal operation conditions. While under the situation of equipment failure, the blackout range of the faulty microgrid can be reduced through flexible control and power support capability of the flexible interconnection device. Finally, effectiveness of the proposed method is verified with simulation cases under different operation conditions.
引文
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[17]Gil N J,Pe?as Lopes J A.Hierarchical frequency control scheme for islanded multi-microgrids operation[C]//IEEE Lausanne Power Tech.Switzerland:IEEE,2007:473-478.
[18]Li X L,Guo L,Li Y W,et al.A unified control for the DC-ACinterlinking converters in hybrid AC/DC microgrids[J].IEEETransactions on Smart Grid,2018,9(6):6540-6553.
[19]张学,裴玮,范士雄,等.含多端柔性互联装置的交直流混合配电网协调控制方法[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(7):185-191.Zhang Xue,Pei Wei,Fan Shixiong,et al.Coordinated control method of AC/DC hybrid distribution network with multi-terminal flexible interconnection devices[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(7):185-191.
[20]李霞林.交直流混合微电网稳定运行控制[D].天津:天津大学,2014.
[21]Baran M E,Wu F F.Optimal capacitor placement on radial distribution systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1989,4(1):725-734.
[2]Moayedi S,Davoudi A.Distributed tertiary control of DC microgrid clusters[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2015,31(2):1717-1733.
[3]Che L,Shahidehpour M,Alabdulwahab A,et al.Hierarchical coordination of a community microgrid with AC and DCmicrogrids[J]IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2015,6(6):3042-3051.
[4]许志荣,杨苹,张育嘉,等.考虑不平衡度约束的单三相混联多微网日前经济优化[J].电网技术,2017,41(1):40-47.Xu Zhirong,Yang Ping,Zhang Yujia,et al.Day-ahead economic optimized dispatch of single and three phase hybrid multi-microgrid considering unbalance constraint[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(1):40-47(in Chinese).
[5]王尧,李欢欢,鞠立伟,等.面向智能化调度的微网群能量耦合协调控制策略及仿真分析[J].电网技术,2018,42(7):2232-2239.Wang Yao,Li Huanhuan,Ju Liwei,et al.Coordinated energy coupling control strategy and simulation analysis of microgrid cluster for intelligent scheduling[J].Power System Technology,2018,42(7):2232-2239(in Chinese).
[6]张释中,裴玮,杨艳红,等.基于柔性直流互联的多微网集成聚合运行优化及分析[J].电工技术学报,(2018-06-04).http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.2188.TM.20180601.1455.004.html.Zhang Shizhong,Pei Wei,Yang Yanhong,et al.Optimization and analysis of multi-microgrids integration and aggregation operation based on flexible DC interconnection[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,(2018-06-04).http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.2188.TM.20180601.1455.004.html(in Chinese).
[7]Zheng W Y,Wu W C,Zhang B M,et al.A fully distributed reactive power optimization and control method for active distribution networks[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2016,7(2):1021-1033.
[8]王程,刘念.基于交替方向乘子法的互联微电网系统分布式优化调度[J].电网技术,2016,40(9):2675-2681.Wang Cheng,Liu Nian.Distributed optimal dispatching of interconnected microgrid system based on alternating direction method of multipliers[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(9):2675-2681(in Chinese).
[9]王皓,艾芊,吴俊宏,等.基于交替方向乘子法的微电网群双层分布式调度方法.电网技术,2018,42(6):1718-1725.Wang Hao,Ai Qian,Wu Junhong,et al.Bi-level distributed optimization for microgrid clusters based on alternating direction method of multipliers[J].Power System Technology,2018,42(6):1718-1725(in Chinese).
[10]陈刚,杨毅,杨晓梅,等.基于分布式牛顿法的微电网群分布式优化调度方法[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(21):156-162.Chen Gang,Yang Yi,Yang Xiaomei,et al.Distributed optimization scheduling method for microgrid cluster based on distributed newton method[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(21):156-162(in Chinese).
[11]周晓倩,艾芊,王皓.即插即用微电网集群分布式优化调度[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(18):106-113.Zhou Xiaoqian,Ai Qian,Wang Hao.Distributed optimal scheduling of microgrid cluster with function of plug and play[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(18):106-113(in Chinese).
[12]张庆海,彭楚武,陈燕东,等.一种微电网多逆变器并联运行控制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(25):126-132.Zhang Qinghai,Peng Chuwu,Chen Yandong,et al.A control strategy for parallel operation of multi-inverters in microgrid[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(25):126-132(in Chinese).
[13]袁晓敏,袁旭峰,李婧.城市配电网柔性互联系统故障重构研究[J].电测与仪表,2018,55(20):76-81,89.Yuan Xiaomin,Yuan Xufeng,Li Jing.Research on fault reconstruction of flexible interconnected system of urban distribution network[J].Electrical Measurement and Instrumentation,2018,55(20):76-81,89(in Chinese).
[14]Cao W,Wu J,Jenkins N.Operating principle of soft open points for electrical distribution network operation[J].Applied Energy,2016(164):245-257.
[15]于汀,蒲天骄,刘广一,等.基于柔性直流分区互联的受端城市电网无功电压控制策略[J].高电压技术,2017,43(7):2140-2145.Yu Ting,Pu Tianjiao,Liu Guangyi,et al.Reactive power and voltage control strategy of receiving-end urban power grid with flexible DCinterconnected between partitions[J].High Voltage,2017,43(7):2140-2145(in Chinese).
[16]郭剑波,姚国灿,徐征雄,等.对未来电网互联和更高一级交流电压等级的判断和建议-全国联网和更高一级交流电压等级技术问题研究之三[J].电网技术,1998,22(8):72-74,78.Guo Jianbo,Yao Guocan,Xu Zhengxiong,et al.Technical investigation of the future Chinese inter-connected power systems and higher AC voltage(part 3)-inference and proposals for power system interconnection and higher AC voltage levels in future[J].Power System Technology,1998,22(8):72-74,78(in Chinese).
[17]Gil N J,Pe?as Lopes J A.Hierarchical frequency control scheme for islanded multi-microgrids operation[C]//IEEE Lausanne Power Tech.Switzerland:IEEE,2007:473-478.
[18]Li X L,Guo L,Li Y W,et al.A unified control for the DC-ACinterlinking converters in hybrid AC/DC microgrids[J].IEEETransactions on Smart Grid,2018,9(6):6540-6553.
[19]张学,裴玮,范士雄,等.含多端柔性互联装置的交直流混合配电网协调控制方法[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(7):185-191.Zhang Xue,Pei Wei,Fan Shixiong,et al.Coordinated control method of AC/DC hybrid distribution network with multi-terminal flexible interconnection devices[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(7):185-191.
[20]李霞林.交直流混合微电网稳定运行控制[D].天津:天津大学,2014.
[21]Baran M E,Wu F F.Optimal capacitor placement on radial distribution systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1989,4(1):725-734.