基于无迹卡尔曼滤波预测的锅炉吹灰优化
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摘要
针对锅炉受热面从清洁到产生积灰和结渣导致锅炉传热效率降低等问题,以清洁因子为监测指标,提出一种基于无迹卡尔曼滤波算法的实时吹灰预测方法。采用双指数函数拟合分析清洁因子退化数据,利用无迹卡尔曼滤波算法对模型参数进行更新,并预测清洁因子未来的变化趋势。同时提出一种基于单位时间传热量最大的吹灰优化模型对吹灰时间进行进一步的优化。以某省煤器的清洁因子数据为例,通过与扩展卡尔曼滤波算法进行比较分析发现,所提方法能够更准确地预测吹灰时间,并进行吹灰优化实例计算,验证了所提优化模型的可行性。
Aiming at the problems of boiler heating surface from clean to produce ash and slag, the heat transfer efficiency of boiler is reduced. With the cleanliness factor as the monitoring index, a real-time soot blowing prediction method based on unscented Kalman filter algorithm is proposed. The degradation data of cleanliness factor was analyzed by double exponential function fitting, the model parameters were updated by the unscented Kalman filter algorithm and the future trend of the cleanliness factor was predicted. At the same time, a soot blowing optimization model with the largest heat transfer per unit time is proposed to further optimize the soot blowing time. Taking the cleanliness factor data of a economizer as an example, by comparing with the extended Kalman filter algorithm, it is found that the proposed method can predict the soot blowing time more accurately. The calculation of the soot blowing optimization example is carried out to verify the feasibility of the proposed optimization model.
Aiming at the problems of boiler heating surface from clean to produce ash and slag, the heat transfer efficiency of boiler is reduced. With the cleanliness factor as the monitoring index, a real-time soot blowing prediction method based on unscented Kalman filter algorithm is proposed. The degradation data of cleanliness factor was analyzed by double exponential function fitting, the model parameters were updated by the unscented Kalman filter algorithm and the future trend of the cleanliness factor was predicted. At the same time, a soot blowing optimization model with the largest heat transfer per unit time is proposed to further optimize the soot blowing time. Taking the cleanliness factor data of a economizer as an example, by comparing with the extended Kalman filter algorithm, it is found that the proposed method can predict the soot blowing time more accurately. The calculation of the soot blowing optimization example is carried out to verify the feasibility of the proposed optimization model.
引文
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[18] 阙子俊,金晓航,孙毅.基于UKF的轴承剩余寿命预测方法研究[J].仪器仪表学报,2016,37(9):2036-2043.ZHAI Z J,JIN X H,SUN Y.Research on prediction method of bearing residual life based on UKF [J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2016,37(9):2036-2043.
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[2] 梁炎明,张鹏,李琦,等.基于模糊支持向量机的空气预热器温度预测[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2014,28(12):1348-1354.LIANG Y M,ZHANG P,LI Q,et al.Air preheater temperature prediction based on fuzzy support vector machine [J].Journal of Electronic Measurement and Instrumentation,2014,28(12):1348-1354.
[3] 耿欣,林中达.锅炉灰污在线监测及吹灰优化预测模型的研究[J].发电设备,2011,25(2):91-93,105.GENG X,LIN ZH D.Study on on-line monitoring of boiler ash pollution and optimization prediction model of blowing ash [J].Power Generation Equipment,2011,25(2):91-93,105.
[4] 阎维平,梁秀俊,周健,等.300 MW 燃煤电厂锅炉积灰结渣计算机在线监测与优化吹灰[J].中国电机工程学报,2000,20(9):84-88.YAN W P,LIANG X J,ZHOU J,et al.Ash monitoring and soot blowing optimization of a 300 MW coal-fired utility boiler[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2000,20(9):84-88.
[5] 朱予东,阎维平,高正阳,等.燃煤锅炉对流受热面污染沉积对传热熵产的影响[J].中国电机工程学报,2008,28(5):23-27.ZHU Y D,YAN W P,GAO ZH Y,et al.Influence of ash deposition on the heat transfer entropy generation of convective heating surfaces for coal fired utility boiler[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2008,28(5):23-27.
[6] ROMEO L M,GARETA R.Fouling control in biomass boilers[J].Biomass and Bioenergy,2009,33(5):854-861.
[7] 喻火明,孙保民,徐鸿,等.锅炉受热面积灰在线监测的研究[J].工程热物理学报,2006(3):534-536.YU H M,SUN B M,XU H,et al.Study on on-line monitoring of boiler heating area gray[J].Journal of Engineering Thermophysics,2006(3):534-536.
[8] MA Z,IMAN F,LU P,et al.A comprehensive slagging and fouling prediction tool for coal-fired boilers and its validation/application[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2007,88(11-12):1035-1043.
[9] PAN Y D,SI F Q,XU ZH G,et al.An integrated theoretical fouling model for convective heating surfaces in coal-fired boilers[J].Powder Technology,2011,210(2):150-156.
[10] 徐啸虎,周克毅,胥建群.锅炉灰污染损失数学模型[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(32):20-24.XU X H,ZHOU K Y,XU J Q.Mathematical model of thermal loss of utility boiler caused by ash deposition[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(32):20-24.
[11] 史元浩,王景成,王斌.燃煤电站锅炉受热面灰污沉积动态监测模型研究[C].第三十届中国控制会议,2011.SHI Y H,WANG J CH,WANG B.Study on dynamic monitoring model of ash fouling deposition on heating surface of coal-fired power station boilers [C].30th China Control Conference,2011.
[12] 徐力刚,黄亚继,王健,等.基于炉膛结渣监测模型的吹灰优化[J].东南大学学报(自然科学版),2018,48(1):63-70.XU L G,HUANG Y J,WANG J,et al.Optimization of soot blowing based on furnace slagging monitoring model[J].Journal of Southeast University(Natural Science Edition),2018,48(1):63-70.
[13] 信晶,孙保民,肖海平,等.应用支持向量机监测电站锅炉受热面积灰研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(5):21-27,5.XIN J,SUN B M,XIAO H P,et al.Application of support vector machine to monitor the heating area grey of power plant boiler[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(5):21-27,5.
[14] 刘浩然,吕晓贺,李轩,等.基于Bayesian改进算法的回转窑故障诊断模型研究[J].仪器仪表学报,2015,36(7):1554-1561.LIU H R,LV X H,LI X,et al.Research on fault diagnosis model of rotary kiln based on improved Bayesian algorithm[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2015,36(7):1554-1561.
[15] 孙磊,贾云献,蔡丽影,等.粒子滤波参数估计方法在齿轮箱剩余寿命预测中的应用研究[J].振动与冲击,2013,32(6):6-12,23.SUN L,JIA Y X,CAI L Y,et al.Application of particle filter parameter estimation method in residual life prediction of gearbox[J].Journal of Vibration & Shock,2013,32(6):6-12,23.
[16] THRUN S,FOX D,BURGARD W,et al.Robust monte carlo localization for mobile robots[J].Artificial Intelligence,2005,128(1-2):99-141.
[17] 罗斌,林琳,钟诗胜.一种结合UKF的疲劳结构剩余寿命预测方法[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2018,50(7):38-45.LUO B,LIN L,ZHONG SH SH.A Method for predicting residual life of fatigue structure combined with UKF[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2018,50(7):38-45.
[18] 阙子俊,金晓航,孙毅.基于UKF的轴承剩余寿命预测方法研究[J].仪器仪表学报,2016,37(9):2036-2043.ZHAI Z J,JIN X H,SUN Y.Research on prediction method of bearing residual life based on UKF [J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2016,37(9):2036-2043.
[19] 史元浩.燃煤电站锅炉燃烧过程吹灰优化与燃烧优化控制[D].上海:上海交通大学,2014.SHI Y H.Optimization control of ash blowing and combustion optimization in the combustion process of coal-fired power station boilers [D].Shanghai:Shanghai Jiaotong University,2014.
[20] 王金枝,程新华.电厂锅炉原理 [M].第3版.北京:中国电力出版社,2014.WANG J ZH,CHENG X H.Principles of Power Plant Boilers [M].3rd ed.Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2014.