电力线路行波差动保护与电流差动保护的比较研究
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摘要
线路电流差动保护的基础是线路的RL集中参数模型和电荷连续性。行波差动保护的基础是线路的分布参数模型和行波传输不变性。针对两类差动保护在电力线路上的应用进行了详细的理论和仿真对比研究。指出二者的根本区别在于行波差动保护考虑了线路的分布参数特性和空间传播特性,而电流差动保护把线路看成节点,完全忽略了分布参数特性和空间传播特性,差动电流是行波差动电流的退化形式。对于特高压长距离输电线路,行波差动保护相比于电流差动保护有明显的性能优势。对于高压和超高压输电线路,行波差动保护和电流差动保护性能无显著差别,电流差动保护可以胜任该类线路。
The current differential protection of power lines is based on the RL lumped parameter line model and the principle of charge continuity.The traveling wave differential protection of power lines is based on the distributed parameter line model and the principle of traveling wave transmission invariance.This paper conducts a detailed comparative study on these two types of differential protections for application on power lines from the view of theory and simulation.The essential difference between the above two protections is that the traveling wave differential protection considers the distributed parameter characteristic and the spatial propagation characteristic of a line,whereas the current differential protection regards the line as a node and completely neglects the distributed parameter characteristic and the spatial propagation characteristic of a line.In fact,the differential current is the degradation form of the traveling wave differential current.For UHV long distance transmission lines,the traveling wave differential protection has a superior performance over the current differential protection.For HV and EHV transmission lines,there is no significant performance difference between the traveling wave differential protection and the current differential protection.The current differential protection is qualified for this kind of transmission line.
The current differential protection of power lines is based on the RL lumped parameter line model and the principle of charge continuity.The traveling wave differential protection of power lines is based on the distributed parameter line model and the principle of traveling wave transmission invariance.This paper conducts a detailed comparative study on these two types of differential protections for application on power lines from the view of theory and simulation.The essential difference between the above two protections is that the traveling wave differential protection considers the distributed parameter characteristic and the spatial propagation characteristic of a line,whereas the current differential protection regards the line as a node and completely neglects the distributed parameter characteristic and the spatial propagation characteristic of a line.In fact,the differential current is the degradation form of the traveling wave differential current.For UHV long distance transmission lines,the traveling wave differential protection has a superior performance over the current differential protection.For HV and EHV transmission lines,there is no significant performance difference between the traveling wave differential protection and the current differential protection.The current differential protection is qualified for this kind of transmission line.
引文
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[11]苏斌,董新洲,孙元章.基于小波变换的行波差动保护[J].电力系统自动化,2004,28(18):25-29,35.SU Bin,DONG Xinzhou,SUN Yuanzhang.Traveling wave differential protection based on wavelet transform[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2004,28(18):25-29,35.
[12]郭征,贺家李.输电线纵联差动保护的新原理[J].电力系统自动化,2004,28(11):1-5.GUO Zheng,HE Jiali.Novel principle of pilot differential relay protection of transmission lines[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2004,28(11):1-5.
[13]阎俏,陈青.基于Marti模型的电流差动保护原理[J].电力系统自动化,2011,35(4):51-55.YAN Qiao,CHEN Qing.The principle of current differential relay protection based on the Marti model[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2011,35(4):51-55.
[14]张冰,赵书强,甄永赞.柔性直流输电的改进行波保护仿真研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(16):58-63.ZHANG Bing,ZHAO Shuqiang,ZHEN Yongzan.Simulation study of an improved traveling wave protection for VSC-HVDC transmission system[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(16):58-63.
[15]董新洲,毕见广.配电线路暂态行波的分析和接地选线研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(4):1-6.DONG Xinzhou,BI Jianguang.Analysis on transient traveling wave and study on fault line selection for distribution lines[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2005,25(4):1-6.
[16]李振兴,吴李群,田斌,等.不同步双端数据修正波速的单端行波测距算法研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(8):16-22.LI Zhenxing,WU Liqun,TIAN Bin,et al.Single-terminal traveling wave location algorithm based on amending wave velocity[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(8):16-22.
[17]王秀莲,胡广,毕大强.光伏低电压穿越期间无功补偿对差动保护灵敏度的影响分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(4):51-56.WANG Xiulian,HU Guang,BI Daqiang.Impact analysis of reactive power compensation on sensitivity of differential protection during the low voltage ride-through of photovoltaic systems[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(4):51-56.
[18]BISWAL M,BISWAL S.A positive-sequence current based directional relaying approach for CCVT subsidence transient condition[J].Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems,2017,2(2):81-91.DOI10.1186/s41601-017-0038-0.
[2]贺家李,李永丽,董新洲,等.电力系统继电保护原理[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2010.
[3]林湘宁,何战虎,刘世明,等.复式电流比例差动保护判据的可靠性评估[J].中国电机工程学报,2001,21(7):98-102.LIN Xiangning,HE Zhanhu,LIU Shiming,et al.Reliability evaluations on complex current percentage differential criterion[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2001,21(7):98-102.
[4]葛耀中.新型继电保护和故障测距的原理与技术[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,2007.
[5]李保恩,马拥军,李海峰,等.光纤差动保护的应用研究及现场试验[J].继电器,2003,31(7):73-76.LI Baoen,MA Yongjun,LI Haifeng,et al.The application research of optic-fiber differential protection and site test[J].Relay,2003,31(7):73-76.
[6]刘振亚,张启平.国家电网发展模式研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(7):1-10.LIU Zhenya,ZHANG Qiping.Study on the development mode of national power grid of China[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(7):1-10.
[7]吴通华,郑玉平,朱晓彤.基于暂态电容电流补偿的线路差动保护[J].电力系统自动化,2005,29(12):61-67.WU Tonghua,ZHENG Yuping,ZHU Xiaotong.Current differential protection based on transient capacitance current compensation[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2005,29(12):61-67.
[8]索南加乐,张怿宁,齐军,等.Π模型时域电容电流补偿的电流差动保护研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2006,26(5):12-18.SUONAN Jiale,ZHANG Yining,QI Jun,et al.Study of current differential protection using time-domain capacitive current compensating algorithm on II-model[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2006,26(5):12-18.
[9]TAKAGI T,BABA J,UEMURA K,et al.Fault protection based on travelling wave theory-part I:theory[C]//IEEE PES Summer Meeting,Mexico City,1977,77:750-753.
[10]张武军,何奔腾.行波差动保护不平衡差流分析及实用方案[J].电力系统自动化,2007,31(20):49-55.ZHANG Wujun,HE Benteng.Analysis and application of unbalanced differential current in traveling-wave differential protection[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2007,31(20):49-55.
[11]苏斌,董新洲,孙元章.基于小波变换的行波差动保护[J].电力系统自动化,2004,28(18):25-29,35.SU Bin,DONG Xinzhou,SUN Yuanzhang.Traveling wave differential protection based on wavelet transform[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2004,28(18):25-29,35.
[12]郭征,贺家李.输电线纵联差动保护的新原理[J].电力系统自动化,2004,28(11):1-5.GUO Zheng,HE Jiali.Novel principle of pilot differential relay protection of transmission lines[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2004,28(11):1-5.
[13]阎俏,陈青.基于Marti模型的电流差动保护原理[J].电力系统自动化,2011,35(4):51-55.YAN Qiao,CHEN Qing.The principle of current differential relay protection based on the Marti model[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2011,35(4):51-55.
[14]张冰,赵书强,甄永赞.柔性直流输电的改进行波保护仿真研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(16):58-63.ZHANG Bing,ZHAO Shuqiang,ZHEN Yongzan.Simulation study of an improved traveling wave protection for VSC-HVDC transmission system[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(16):58-63.
[15]董新洲,毕见广.配电线路暂态行波的分析和接地选线研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(4):1-6.DONG Xinzhou,BI Jianguang.Analysis on transient traveling wave and study on fault line selection for distribution lines[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2005,25(4):1-6.
[16]李振兴,吴李群,田斌,等.不同步双端数据修正波速的单端行波测距算法研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(8):16-22.LI Zhenxing,WU Liqun,TIAN Bin,et al.Single-terminal traveling wave location algorithm based on amending wave velocity[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(8):16-22.
[17]王秀莲,胡广,毕大强.光伏低电压穿越期间无功补偿对差动保护灵敏度的影响分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(4):51-56.WANG Xiulian,HU Guang,BI Daqiang.Impact analysis of reactive power compensation on sensitivity of differential protection during the low voltage ride-through of photovoltaic systems[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(4):51-56.
[18]BISWAL M,BISWAL S.A positive-sequence current based directional relaying approach for CCVT subsidence transient condition[J].Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems,2017,2(2):81-91.DOI10.1186/s41601-017-0038-0.