水位变化对人工复式河道水质净化效果的影响
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摘要
复式河道是常见的一种河道形式,现阶段关于复式河道的研究大多集中在复式河道的水流结构、水流特性、过流能力、垂线流速分布规律、边界剪切应力的分布特征、滩槽相互作用机理等水力学及河流动力学方面,而对复式河道的净水效果关注较少。本文通过模拟复式河道的主河槽和滩地,研究不同运行水位条件下人工复式河道对水体的净化效果:在实验室模拟条件下,复式河道漫滩水位对水质净化效果有显著影响,漫滩水位在基质面以上1 cm时,溶解氧(DO)增加量最高,对COD、氨氮的处理效果最好,水位升高或降低,DO的增长率和COD、氨氮的去除率都有所下降,而水位的改变对总磷的去除效果影响不大,本文的研究结果可为河流生态修复提供理论基础。
A compound channel is a common form of a river in nature. At present, most of researches of compound channel concentrates on the hydraulic and kinetics of river, such as the flow structure and characteristics, discharge capacity, velocity distribution, distribution of boundary shear stress, interaction between main channel and flood plain, etc. However, the effect of compound channel on water purification is less concerned. In this paper, the water purification by artificial compound channel under different water levels was studied in a simulation device. The results showed that water levels in floodplain had a significant effect on water purification. When the water level was 1 cm above the floodplain, the increase of dissolved oxygen(DO) is the highest and the treatment effect of chemical oxygen demand(COD) and ammonia nitrogen is the best. The rise rate of DO and the removal rate of COD and ammonia nitrogen declined under other water levels, but the change of water level had little effect on the removal of total phosphorus. The results of this study can provide a theoretical basis for river ecological restoration.
A compound channel is a common form of a river in nature. At present, most of researches of compound channel concentrates on the hydraulic and kinetics of river, such as the flow structure and characteristics, discharge capacity, velocity distribution, distribution of boundary shear stress, interaction between main channel and flood plain, etc. However, the effect of compound channel on water purification is less concerned. In this paper, the water purification by artificial compound channel under different water levels was studied in a simulation device. The results showed that water levels in floodplain had a significant effect on water purification. When the water level was 1 cm above the floodplain, the increase of dissolved oxygen(DO) is the highest and the treatment effect of chemical oxygen demand(COD) and ammonia nitrogen is the best. The rise rate of DO and the removal rate of COD and ammonia nitrogen declined under other water levels, but the change of water level had little effect on the removal of total phosphorus. The results of this study can provide a theoretical basis for river ecological restoration.
引文
[1]刘欢,杨少荣,王小明.基于河流生态系统健康的生态修复技术研究进展[J].水生态学杂志,2019(2):1-6.
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[7]孙亚明.顺直型复式河道断面三种水流数值模拟方法对比研究[J].内蒙古水利,2018(9):60-62.
[8]林桔,潘伟斌,曹英姿,等.格宾护岸填料类型对河道自净能力的影响[J].环境工程学报,2012(5):1565-1570.
[9]肖海文,翟俊,王涛,等.随机间歇运行条件下人工湿地中磷的去除机制[J].土木建筑与环境工程,2012(4):105-110.
[2]仲朝晖.基于生态的城镇河道整治与环境修复方案研究[J].水利规划与设计,2018(5):11-12,126.
[3]吉祖稳,胡春宏.复式河道滩槽交互区水沙运动机理[J].水科学进展,2017(3):321-328.
[4]吴华莉,张小峰,金中武.宽窄相间河道水沙运动特性研究进展[J].人民长江,2015(8):14-18.
[5]庞洁,李特.宽窄相间复式河道水面线分析[J].安徽农业科学,2017(12):184-186.
[6]吴腾,张红武,张昊.复式断面河槽流速横向分布及其对滩唇形成的影响[J].水利学报,2009(5):535-541.
[7]孙亚明.顺直型复式河道断面三种水流数值模拟方法对比研究[J].内蒙古水利,2018(9):60-62.
[8]林桔,潘伟斌,曹英姿,等.格宾护岸填料类型对河道自净能力的影响[J].环境工程学报,2012(5):1565-1570.
[9]肖海文,翟俊,王涛,等.随机间歇运行条件下人工湿地中磷的去除机制[J].土木建筑与环境工程,2012(4):105-110.