林地类型和城市化梯度对土壤酶活性的影响
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摘要
为考察人类活动对哈尔滨市城区土壤生态系统的影响,文章在中心城区、近郊区和远郊区,选取城市公园、道路绿化带、大学校园和生态公益林等4种类型的林地土壤,分析了其中过氧化氢酶、转化酶、脲酶和磷酸酶的活性,并对其相关影响因子进行探讨。结果表明,林地类型和城市化梯度对土壤酶活性的影响很大,但对不同土壤酶活性的影响具有一定的差异,使土壤过氧化氢酶、转化酶和脲酶表现出高度的空间异质性。土壤理化性质与过氧化氢酶、转化酶和脲酶活性存在不同程度的相关性,且影响过氧化氢酶、转化酶和脲酶活性的主要理化性质不同。
In order to investigate the influence of human activities on soil ecosystem, four types of woodland soils, including urban park soil(GYL), road green belt soil(DLL), university campus soil(DXL) and ecological public welfare forest soil(STL), were selected in the central city, suburb and exurb. The activities of catalase, invertase, urease and phosphatase in these soils were analyzed. The correlation between physical and chemical properties of the soils and the activities of those four enzymes and the relation between those four enzymes were studied. The results showed that woodland type and urbanization gradient had great influence on soil enzyme activity, but there were some differences in the effects of different soil enzyme activities, which made soil enzymes show high spatial heterogeneity. Soil physical and chemical properties have different degrees of correlation with catalase, invertase and urease activities. The main physical and chemical properties affecting catalase, invertase and urease activities are different.
In order to investigate the influence of human activities on soil ecosystem, four types of woodland soils, including urban park soil(GYL), road green belt soil(DLL), university campus soil(DXL) and ecological public welfare forest soil(STL), were selected in the central city, suburb and exurb. The activities of catalase, invertase, urease and phosphatase in these soils were analyzed. The correlation between physical and chemical properties of the soils and the activities of those four enzymes and the relation between those four enzymes were studied. The results showed that woodland type and urbanization gradient had great influence on soil enzyme activity, but there were some differences in the effects of different soil enzyme activities, which made soil enzymes show high spatial heterogeneity. Soil physical and chemical properties have different degrees of correlation with catalase, invertase and urease activities. The main physical and chemical properties affecting catalase, invertase and urease activities are different.
引文
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[15]Alkorta I,Aizpurua A,Riga P,et al.Soil enzyme activities as biological indicators of soil health[J].Reviews on Environmental Health,2003,18(1):65-73.
[16]徐福银,包兵,梁晶,等.城市不同利用区域绿地土壤酶活性特征:以上海市为例[J].土壤,2014,46(2):297-301.Xu Fuyin,Bao Bing,Liang Jing,et al.Characters of soil enzyme activities in greenbelt soils under different use patterns:a case study of Shanghai[J].Soils,2014,46(2):297-301.
[17]Zhao Dan,Li Feng,Wang Rusong.The effects of different urban land use patterns on soil microbial biomass nitrogen and enzyme activities in urban area of Beijing,China[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2012,32(3):144-149.
[18]Li Tianxin,Meng Linglong,Herman Uwizeyimana,et al.Asurvey of soil enzyme activities along major roads in Beijing:the implications for traffic corridor green space management[J].International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health,2015,12(10):12475-12488.
[19]Bielińska E J,Ko?odziej B,Sugier D.Relationship between organic carbon content and the activity of selected enzymes in urban soils under different anthropogenic influence[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,2013,129:52-56.
[2]Sinsabaugh R L,Lauber C L,Weintraub M N,et al.Stoichiometry of soil enzyme activity at global scale[J].Ecology Letters,2008,11(11):1252-1264.
[3]朱莎,王娟娟,靳士科,等.上海绿地5种植物群落土壤酶活性及其与土壤理化性质的相关性[J].华东师范大学学报:自然科学版,2016,11(6):38-45,64.Zhu Sha,Wang Juanjuan,Jin Shike,et al.Seasonal dynamics of soil enzyme activities and its correlation with soil physical and chemical properties in five plant communities in Shanghai green land[J].Journal of East China Normal University:Natural Science Edition,2016,11(6):38-45.
[4]韩国君,何明珠,黄海霞,等.黄土高原不同种植年限苜蓿地土壤酶活性的季节性变化研究[J].草原与草坪,2018,38(5):59-64.Han Guojun,He Mingzhu,Huang Haixia,et al.Seasonal variation of soil enzyme activity of alfalfa field with different planting ages on Loess Plateau[J].Grassland and Turf,2018,38(5):59-64.
[5]舒媛媛,黄俊胜,赵高卷,等.青藏高原东缘不同树种人工林对土壤酶活性及养分的影响[J].生态学报,2016,36(2):394-402.Shu Yuanyuan,Huang Junsheng,Zhao Gaojuan,et al.Effects of afforestation with different tree species on soil enzyme activities and nutrient content in eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,China[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2016,36(2):394-402.
[6]Jin K,Sleutel S,Buchan D,et al.Changes of soil enzyme activities under different tillage practices in the Chinese Loess Plateau[J].Soil&Tillage Research,2009,104(1):115-120.
[7]朱英,沈根祥,钱晓雍,等.上海市郊不同耕地类型土壤微生物活性研究[J].环境科学与技术,2015,38(1):15-18.Zhu Ying,Shen Genxiang,Qian Xiaoyong,et al.Study on soil microbial activity of different types of farmland in Shanghai suburban areas[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2015,38(1):15-18.
[8]吴际友,叶道碧,王旭军.长沙市城郊森林土壤酶活性及其与土壤理化性质的相关性[J].东北林业大学学报,2010,38(3):97-99.Wu Jiyou,Ye Daobi,Wang Xujun.Soil enzyme activity and its correlation with soil physical and chemical properties in suburban forest of Changsha City[J].Journal of North East Forestry University,2010,38(3):97-99.
[9]单奇华,余健,俞元春,等.城市林业土壤酶活性及对土壤肥力的指示作用[J].城市环境与城市生态,2007(4):4-6.Shan Qihua,Yu Jian,Yu Yuanchun,et al.Soil enzyme activity and its indication for fertility in urban forest soils[J].Urban Environment&Urban Ecology,2007(4):4-6.
[10]Ohya S,Tamura K,Azuma J.Microbial biomass and enzyme activity of soils in an urban area[J].Soil Microorganisms,2017,54:159-164.
[11]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000:25-77.Bao Shidan.Soil Agrochemical Analysis[M].Beijing:Agriculture Press of China,2000:25-77.
[12]关松荫.土壤酶及其研究法[M].北京:农业出版社,1986:275-339.Guan Songyin.Soil Enzyme and Its Research Method[M].Beijing:Agriculture Press of China,1986:275-339.
[13]Fatemi F,Fernandez I,Simon K,et al.Nitrogen and phosphorus regulation of soil enzyme activities in acid forest soils[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2016,98:171-179.
[14]李以康,韩发,冉飞,等.三江源区高寒草甸退化对土壤养分和土壤酶活性影响的研究[J].中国草地学报,2008,30(4):51-58.Li Yikang,Han Fa,Ran Fei,et al.Effect of typical alpine meadow degradation on soil enzyme and soil nutrient in source region of Three Rivers[J].Chinese Journal of Grassland,2008,30(4):51-58.
[15]Alkorta I,Aizpurua A,Riga P,et al.Soil enzyme activities as biological indicators of soil health[J].Reviews on Environmental Health,2003,18(1):65-73.
[16]徐福银,包兵,梁晶,等.城市不同利用区域绿地土壤酶活性特征:以上海市为例[J].土壤,2014,46(2):297-301.Xu Fuyin,Bao Bing,Liang Jing,et al.Characters of soil enzyme activities in greenbelt soils under different use patterns:a case study of Shanghai[J].Soils,2014,46(2):297-301.
[17]Zhao Dan,Li Feng,Wang Rusong.The effects of different urban land use patterns on soil microbial biomass nitrogen and enzyme activities in urban area of Beijing,China[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2012,32(3):144-149.
[18]Li Tianxin,Meng Linglong,Herman Uwizeyimana,et al.Asurvey of soil enzyme activities along major roads in Beijing:the implications for traffic corridor green space management[J].International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health,2015,12(10):12475-12488.
[19]Bielińska E J,Ko?odziej B,Sugier D.Relationship between organic carbon content and the activity of selected enzymes in urban soils under different anthropogenic influence[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,2013,129:52-56.