壳聚糖复合正渗透膜及其分离乳化油废水研究
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摘要
研究以壳聚糖(CS)为正渗透(FO)膜成膜材料,以聚酯筛网为支撑材料,经过交联、碱液浸泡得到CS复合FO膜(CS-FO膜)。并将其用于石油醚乳化油废水的分离。结果表明,该CS-FO膜分离层为单一均质膜,具有良好的热稳定性和亲水性;该膜具有良好的渗透性能,以NaCl为驱动液时,其平均渗透水通量可达30 L/(m~2·h),截盐率可达到97%。分离乳化油废水时,膜面流速和乳化油废水含量均会影响膜的分离性能,膜面流速越大膜的渗透通量越大;废水乳化油含量越高,膜的通量越低。对质量浓度1.0 g/L的乳化油废水连续分离5 h后其水通量可维持在12L/(m~2·h),对乳化油的截留率可达到96.8%,这说明该FO膜在分离乳化油废水方面具有一定的应用前景。
The chitosan composite forward osmosis(FO) membrane was prepared by using chitosan(CS) as membrane-forming material and polyester mesh as the supporting, after crosslinking and alkali soaking process, the CS-FO membrane was obtained. The prepared CS-FO membrane was used to separate the emulsified petroleum ether wastewater. The results showed that this CS-FO membrane was homogeneous with good thermal stability and hydrophilicity. The membrane exhibited good penetrating property when using Na Cl as the draw solution, its average water flux could reach 30 L/(m~2·h)and its salt rejection rate was 97%. When separating the emulsified oil wastewater, the membrane surface flow rate and emulsified oil content all affected the separation performance of the membrane. The permeation flux of the membrane increased with the increase of the flow rate, and the higher content of emulsified oil wastewater would result in a lower membrane flux. After 5 h continuous separation of emulsified oil wastewater with mass concentration of 1.0 mg/L, the water flux could be maintained at 12 L/(m~2·h), the rejection to the oil could reach 96.8%. This result suggested that the FO membrane would have a good application prospect in separation of emulsified oil wastewater.
The chitosan composite forward osmosis(FO) membrane was prepared by using chitosan(CS) as membrane-forming material and polyester mesh as the supporting, after crosslinking and alkali soaking process, the CS-FO membrane was obtained. The prepared CS-FO membrane was used to separate the emulsified petroleum ether wastewater. The results showed that this CS-FO membrane was homogeneous with good thermal stability and hydrophilicity. The membrane exhibited good penetrating property when using Na Cl as the draw solution, its average water flux could reach 30 L/(m~2·h)and its salt rejection rate was 97%. When separating the emulsified oil wastewater, the membrane surface flow rate and emulsified oil content all affected the separation performance of the membrane. The permeation flux of the membrane increased with the increase of the flow rate, and the higher content of emulsified oil wastewater would result in a lower membrane flux. After 5 h continuous separation of emulsified oil wastewater with mass concentration of 1.0 mg/L, the water flux could be maintained at 12 L/(m~2·h), the rejection to the oil could reach 96.8%. This result suggested that the FO membrane would have a good application prospect in separation of emulsified oil wastewater.
引文
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[14]BOO C,LEE S,ELIMELECH M,et al.Colloidal fouling in forward osmosis:role of reverse salt diffusion[J].Journal of Membrane Science,2012,390/391:277-284.
[2]NGAMLERDPOKIN,K,KUMJADPAI S,CHATANON P,et al.Remediation of biodiesel wastewater by chemical-and electrocoagulation:a comparative study[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2011,92:2454-2460.
[3]王明花,王利,方少明,等.两亲聚合物改性PVDF膜处理含油废水的研究[J].膜科学与技术,2015,35(6):76-80.
[4]ZHAO M Q,HUANG J Q,ZHANG Q,et al.Improvement of oil adsorption performance by a sponge-like natural vermiculite-carbon nanotube hybrid[J].Applied Clay Science,2011,53:1-7.
[5]RAMASWAMY B D,KAR S D.A study on recovery of oil from sludge containing oil using froth flotation[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2007,85:150-154.
[6]SEKMAN E,TOP S,USLU E,et al.Treatment of oily wastewater from port waste reception facilities by electrocoagulation[J].International Journal of Environment Research,2010,5:1079-1086.
[7]YAN L,MA H Z,WANG B,et al.Advanced purification of petroleum refinery wastewater by catalytic vacuum distillation[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2010,178:1120-1124.
[8]蔡明初,叶强,钟伯钦.塔式生物滤池与加速曝气池串联处理炼油厂含油废水[J].环境污染与防治,1986(2):26-29.
[9]王硕,于水利,徐巧.处理含油废水的好氧颗粒污泥形成过程及其特性研究[J].环境科学学报,2015,35(6):1779-1785.
[10]CATH T Y,CHILDRESS A E,ELIMELECH M.Forward osmosis:principles,applications,and recent developments[J].Journal of Membrane Science,2006,281:70-87.
[11]ANSARI A J,HAI FL I,WILLIAM E P,et al.Forward osmosis as a platform for resource recovery from municipal wastewater-A critical assessment of the literature[J].Journal of Membrane Science,2017,529:195-206.
[12]吴优优,何建玲等.壳聚糖膜的制备及其性能测试[J].广东化工,2012,39(5):213-125.
[13]刘娟.新型壳聚糖载体固定脂肪酶及催化废弃油脂生产生物柴油技术[D].烟台:烟台大学,2013.
[14]BOO C,LEE S,ELIMELECH M,et al.Colloidal fouling in forward osmosis:role of reverse salt diffusion[J].Journal of Membrane Science,2012,390/391:277-284.