雷暴冲击风下导线风偏响应分析
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摘要
部分输电线路风偏闪络和倒塔事故的现场勘察资料和气象报告显示,雷暴强风是事故的主要诱因之一。为降低此类风场下的安全事故发生率,文中遴选出合适的模型函数(Li模型),采用数值方法进行雷暴风风场模拟。以某超高压多跨输电线路为例,采用非线性有限元静力分析法,对雷暴冲击风作用下的导线风偏进行求解,并就风暴中心与线路的相对位置和风暴结构参数(风暴尺度、风暴强度)对计算结果的影响进行讨论。结果表明:①相对位置的变化对结果的影响显著,整个线路风偏最不利的位置为非跨中的3、6号绝缘子;②总体而言,风暴尺度和强度的增大,均会导致风偏响应的迅速增加及其在空间内高危区域的扩大。
Thunderstorm downburst may cause flashover of transmission lines and collapse of towers. In order to decrease the accident rate of transmission lines under such wind field, this paper chooses the Li's model to nu-merically simulate the thunderstorm downburst. Taking an ultra-high voltage transmission line for example, the downburst-induced swing of conductor is calculated with the non-linear finite element static analysis. Moreover,the effects of both the relative location between line and storm center and the storm parameters(storm size and storm intensity)on the calculation results are analyzed. It is revealed that: ① the relative location has remark-able effect on the calculation, and for downburst-induced conductor swing, the worst locations along the whole line are at No.3 and No.6 suspension insulators; ② in general, the rise of either storm size or storm intensity would enhance the swing response of the line, and enlarge high risk regions.
Thunderstorm downburst may cause flashover of transmission lines and collapse of towers. In order to decrease the accident rate of transmission lines under such wind field, this paper chooses the Li's model to nu-merically simulate the thunderstorm downburst. Taking an ultra-high voltage transmission line for example, the downburst-induced swing of conductor is calculated with the non-linear finite element static analysis. Moreover,the effects of both the relative location between line and storm center and the storm parameters(storm size and storm intensity)on the calculation results are analyzed. It is revealed that: ① the relative location has remark-able effect on the calculation, and for downburst-induced conductor swing, the worst locations along the whole line are at No.3 and No.6 suspension insulators; ② in general, the rise of either storm size or storm intensity would enhance the swing response of the line, and enlarge high risk regions.
引文
[1]谢强,张勇,李杰.华东电网500 kV任上5237线飑线风致倒塔事故调查分析[J].电网技术,2006,30(10):71-75.XIE Qiang,ZHANG Yong,LI Jie.Investigation on tower collapses of 500 kV renshang 5237 transmission line caused by downburst[J].Power System Technology,2006,30(10):71-75.
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[3]EI DAMATTY A,ABOSHASHA H.Capacity of electrical transmission towers under downburst loading[C]//Proceeding of the First Australasia and South-East Asia Structural Engineering and Construction Conference,Perth Australia:[s.n.]:2012:317-322.
[4]胡毅,刘凯,吴田,等.输电线路运行安全影响因素分析及防治措施[J].高电压技术,2014,40(11):3491-3499.HU Yi,LIU Kai,WU Tian,et al.Analysis of influential factors on operation safety of transmission line and countermeasures[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(11):3491-3499.
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[6]龚延兴,刘鸿斌,刘亚新,等.2008年华北电网直属输电线路跳闸浅析[J].华北电力技术,2009(8):22-26.GONG Yanxing,LIU Hongbin,LIU Yaxin,et al.Brief analysis on tripping incident of transmission line directly under north China power Grid in 2009[J].North China Electric Power,2009(8):22-26.
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[8]VICROY D.Assessment of microburst models for downdraft estimation[J].Journal of Aircraft,1992,29(6):1043-1048.
[9]SENGUPTA A,SARKAR P P.Experimental measurement and numerical simulation of an impinging jet with application to thunderstorm microburst winds[J].Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,2008,96(3):345-365.
[10]MASON M S,WOOD G S,FLETCHER D F.Influence of tilt and surface roughness on the outflow wind field of an impinging jet[J].Wind and Structures,2009,12(3):179-204.
[11]HOLMES J D,OLIVER S E.An empirical model of a downburst[J].Engineering Structures,2000,22(9):1167-1172.
[12]LI C,LI Q S,XIAO Y Q,et al.A revised empirical model and CFD simulations for 3D axisymmetric steady-state flows of downbursts and impinging jets[J].Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,2012,102(3):48-60.
[13]陈勇,崔碧琪,彭志伟,等.球壳型屋盖在冲击风作用下的抗风设计参数及CFD分析[J].空气动力学学报,2012,30(4):456-463.CHEN Yong,CUI Biqi,PENG Zhiwei,et al.Windresistant design parameters and CFD analysis of spherical roof subjected to thunderstorm downbursts[J].Acta Aerodynamica Sinica,2010,30(4):456-463.
[14]肖东坡.500 kV输电线路风偏故障分析及对策[J].电网技术,2009,33(5):99-102.XIAO Dongpo.Analysis and countermeasure of windage fault on 500 k V transmission line[J].Power System Technology,2009,33(5):99-102.
[15]孙保强,侯镭,孟晓波,等.不同风速下导线风偏动力响应分析[J].高电压技术,2010,36(11):2808-2812.SUN Baoqiang,HOU Lei,MENG Xiaobo,et al.Characteristics analysis of conductors displacement under different198wind speeds[J].High Voltage Engineering,2010,36(11):2808-2812.
[16]贾伯岩,耿江海,方春华,等.风速及风向对复合绝缘子闪络特性的影响[J].高电压技术,2012,38(1):75-80.JIA Boyan,GENG Jianghai,FANG Chunhua,et al.Influence of wind speed and direction on flashover characteristic of composite insulators[J].High Voltage Engineering,2012,38(1):75-80.
[17]楼文娟,余江,杨伦,等.输电线路防风偏闪络限位装置的设计[J].高电压技术,2016,42(10):3253-3262.LOU Wenjuan,YU Jiang,YANG Lun.et al.Design of the inhibiting device against flashover caused by windage yaw in transmission lines[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(10):3253-3262.
[18]SHEHATA A Y,NASSEF A O,DAMATTY A A E.A couple finite element-optimization technique to determine critical microburst parameters for transmission towers[J].Finite Elements in Analysis&Design,2008,45(1):1-12.
[19]LETCHFORD C W,CHAY M T.Pressure distributions on a cube in a simulated thunderstorm downburst.PartB:Moving downburst observations[J].Journal of Wind Engineering and IndustrialAerodynamics,2002,90(7):733-753.
[20]楼文娟,李天昊,吕中宾,等.多分裂子导线气动力系数风洞试验研究[J].空气动力学学报,2015,33(6):787-792.LOU Wenjuan,LI Tianhao,LYU Zhongbin,et al.Wind tunnel test on aerodynamic coefficients of multi-bundled sub-conductors[J].Acta Aerodynamica Sinica,2015,33(6):787-792.
[2]DARWISH M M,EI DAMATTY A A,HANGAN H.Dynamic characteristics of transmission line conductors and behaviour under turbulent downburst loading[J].Wind and Structures,2010,13(4):327-346.
[3]EI DAMATTY A,ABOSHASHA H.Capacity of electrical transmission towers under downburst loading[C]//Proceeding of the First Australasia and South-East Asia Structural Engineering and Construction Conference,Perth Australia:[s.n.]:2012:317-322.
[4]胡毅,刘凯,吴田,等.输电线路运行安全影响因素分析及防治措施[J].高电压技术,2014,40(11):3491-3499.HU Yi,LIU Kai,WU Tian,et al.Analysis of influential factors on operation safety of transmission line and countermeasures[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(11):3491-3499.
[5]胡毅.500 kV输电线路风偏跳闸分析研究[J].高电压技术,2004,30(8):9-10.HU Yi.Study on trip caused by windage yaw of 500 kVtransmission line[J].High Voltage Engineering,2004,30(8):9-10.
[6]龚延兴,刘鸿斌,刘亚新,等.2008年华北电网直属输电线路跳闸浅析[J].华北电力技术,2009(8):22-26.GONG Yanxing,LIU Hongbin,LIU Yaxin,et al.Brief analysis on tripping incident of transmission line directly under north China power Grid in 2009[J].North China Electric Power,2009(8):22-26.
[7]FUJITA T T.The downburst:Microburst and macroburst[D].Chicago:University of Chicago,1985.
[8]VICROY D.Assessment of microburst models for downdraft estimation[J].Journal of Aircraft,1992,29(6):1043-1048.
[9]SENGUPTA A,SARKAR P P.Experimental measurement and numerical simulation of an impinging jet with application to thunderstorm microburst winds[J].Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,2008,96(3):345-365.
[10]MASON M S,WOOD G S,FLETCHER D F.Influence of tilt and surface roughness on the outflow wind field of an impinging jet[J].Wind and Structures,2009,12(3):179-204.
[11]HOLMES J D,OLIVER S E.An empirical model of a downburst[J].Engineering Structures,2000,22(9):1167-1172.
[12]LI C,LI Q S,XIAO Y Q,et al.A revised empirical model and CFD simulations for 3D axisymmetric steady-state flows of downbursts and impinging jets[J].Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,2012,102(3):48-60.
[13]陈勇,崔碧琪,彭志伟,等.球壳型屋盖在冲击风作用下的抗风设计参数及CFD分析[J].空气动力学学报,2012,30(4):456-463.CHEN Yong,CUI Biqi,PENG Zhiwei,et al.Windresistant design parameters and CFD analysis of spherical roof subjected to thunderstorm downbursts[J].Acta Aerodynamica Sinica,2010,30(4):456-463.
[14]肖东坡.500 kV输电线路风偏故障分析及对策[J].电网技术,2009,33(5):99-102.XIAO Dongpo.Analysis and countermeasure of windage fault on 500 k V transmission line[J].Power System Technology,2009,33(5):99-102.
[15]孙保强,侯镭,孟晓波,等.不同风速下导线风偏动力响应分析[J].高电压技术,2010,36(11):2808-2812.SUN Baoqiang,HOU Lei,MENG Xiaobo,et al.Characteristics analysis of conductors displacement under different198wind speeds[J].High Voltage Engineering,2010,36(11):2808-2812.
[16]贾伯岩,耿江海,方春华,等.风速及风向对复合绝缘子闪络特性的影响[J].高电压技术,2012,38(1):75-80.JIA Boyan,GENG Jianghai,FANG Chunhua,et al.Influence of wind speed and direction on flashover characteristic of composite insulators[J].High Voltage Engineering,2012,38(1):75-80.
[17]楼文娟,余江,杨伦,等.输电线路防风偏闪络限位装置的设计[J].高电压技术,2016,42(10):3253-3262.LOU Wenjuan,YU Jiang,YANG Lun.et al.Design of the inhibiting device against flashover caused by windage yaw in transmission lines[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(10):3253-3262.
[18]SHEHATA A Y,NASSEF A O,DAMATTY A A E.A couple finite element-optimization technique to determine critical microburst parameters for transmission towers[J].Finite Elements in Analysis&Design,2008,45(1):1-12.
[19]LETCHFORD C W,CHAY M T.Pressure distributions on a cube in a simulated thunderstorm downburst.PartB:Moving downburst observations[J].Journal of Wind Engineering and IndustrialAerodynamics,2002,90(7):733-753.
[20]楼文娟,李天昊,吕中宾,等.多分裂子导线气动力系数风洞试验研究[J].空气动力学学报,2015,33(6):787-792.LOU Wenjuan,LI Tianhao,LYU Zhongbin,et al.Wind tunnel test on aerodynamic coefficients of multi-bundled sub-conductors[J].Acta Aerodynamica Sinica,2015,33(6):787-792.