直流GIL柱式绝缘子表面电荷积聚特性
|
摘要
直流气体绝缘输电线路(GIL)在长时间电压作用下,内部柱式支撑绝缘子表面易积聚电荷,容易导致绝缘子沿面闪络。因此,研究直流电压下绝缘子表面电荷的积聚特性,对提高直流GIL的绝缘性能和运行可靠性具有重要意义。本文以直流GIL柱式支撑绝缘子为研究对象,设计并搭建表面电荷测量实验平台,引入弱电离气体的迁移扩散方程,利用多物理场有限元分析软件,建立绝缘子-气体复合绝缘结构的表面电荷积聚模型,测量并仿真简化的柱式绝缘子的表面电荷积聚情况,并结合实验和仿真计算结果分析表面电荷积聚成因。同时,建立±800kV直流GIL模型,分析绝缘子的表面电导率、体积电导率和气体的气体电离率对气固界面电场强度和表面电荷积聚的影响。研究深化了直流电压作用下对气-固绝缘界面电荷积聚机理的认识,为直流GIL设备中固体绝缘件的结构设计提供了方法和依据。
Post insulators within DC GIL tend to accumulate surface charge under long-term DC voltage, which easily leads to insulator flashover. Thus, it is important to study the surface charge accumulation characteristics under DC voltage in order to improve the operational reliability of DC GIL. Focusing on the post insulator in GIL, this paper researched its surface charge accumulation characteristics. An experiment platform for surface charge measurement was designed. Through the migration and diffusion equation of weakly ionized gas, the surface charge accumulation model was established by FEM. The surface charges were measured and simulated under the constant temperature condition. The dynamic processes of charge accumulation were analyzed. Meanwhile, the simulation model of ±800 kV DC GIL was built, and the impacts of the surface conductivity, bulk conductivity and gas ionization rate on the electrical field distribution and surface charge accumulation of post insulator were analyzed. The conclusions deepened the understanding of the charge accumulation mechanism on gas-solid insulation interface under DC voltage, which can provide the methods and references for solid insulation structure design in DC GIL equipment.
Post insulators within DC GIL tend to accumulate surface charge under long-term DC voltage, which easily leads to insulator flashover. Thus, it is important to study the surface charge accumulation characteristics under DC voltage in order to improve the operational reliability of DC GIL. Focusing on the post insulator in GIL, this paper researched its surface charge accumulation characteristics. An experiment platform for surface charge measurement was designed. Through the migration and diffusion equation of weakly ionized gas, the surface charge accumulation model was established by FEM. The surface charges were measured and simulated under the constant temperature condition. The dynamic processes of charge accumulation were analyzed. Meanwhile, the simulation model of ±800 kV DC GIL was built, and the impacts of the surface conductivity, bulk conductivity and gas ionization rate on the electrical field distribution and surface charge accumulation of post insulator were analyzed. The conclusions deepened the understanding of the charge accumulation mechanism on gas-solid insulation interface under DC voltage, which can provide the methods and references for solid insulation structure design in DC GIL equipment.
引文
[1]何金良.构建地下能源综合通道的设想[J].南方电网技术,2016,10(3):66-70.He Jinliang.Ideas on building underground energy complex passage[J].Southern Power System Technology,2016,10(3):66-70.
[2]范建斌,李鹏,李金忠,等.±800kV特高压直流GIL关键技术研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2008,28(13):1-7.Fan Jianbin,Li Peng,Li Jinzhong,et al.Study on key technology of±800kV UHVDC GIL[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2008,28(13):1-7.
[3]Koch H J.Gas-insulated transmission line(GIL)[M].New Jersey:Wiley John&Sons,2012.
[4]Delucchi M A,Jacobson M Z.Providing all global energy with wind,water,and solar power,PartⅡ:Reliability,system and transmission costs,and policies[J].Energy Policy,2011,39(3):1170-1190.
[5]唐炬,潘成,王邸博,等.高压直流绝缘材料表面电荷积聚研究进展[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(8):10-21.Tang Ju,Pan Cheng,Wang Dibo,et al.Development of Studies about surface charge accumulation on insulating material under HVDC[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(8):10-21.
[6]汪沨,方志,邱毓昌.高压直流GIS中绝缘子的表面电荷积聚的研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(3):105-109.Wang Feng,Fang Zhi,Qiu Yuchang.Study of charge accumulation on insulator surface in HVDC gasinsulated switcher[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2005,25(3):105-109.
[7]刘熊,林海丹,梁义明,等.空气中微秒脉冲沿面放电对环氧树脂表面特性影响研究[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(13):158-165.Liu Xiong,Lin Haidan,Liang Yiming.Effect of Atmospheric pressure microsecond pulsed discharges on epoxy resin surface[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(13):158-165.
[8]王健,李伯涛,李庆民,等.直流GIL中线形金属微粒对柱式绝缘子表面电荷积聚的影响[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(15):213-222.Wang Jian,Li Botao,Li Qingmin,et al.Impact of linear metal particle on surface charge accumulation of post insulator within DC GIL[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(15):213-222.
[9]Ootera H,Nakanishi K.Analytical method for evaluating surface charge distribution on a dielectric from capacitive probe measurement-application to a cone-type spacer in±500kV DC-GIS[J].IEEETransactions on Power Delivery,1988,3(1):165-172.
[10]林川杰,李传扬,张贵新,等.盆式绝缘子表面电荷反演算法综述及展望[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(24):6654-6663.Lin Chuanjie,Li Chuanyag,Zhang Guixin,et al.Review and prospect of surface charge inversion algorithm of cone-type spacer based on surface potential measurements[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(24):6654-6663.
[11]邓军波,王涵,薛建议,等.基于静电探头法的表面电荷密度分布及电场分布的改进反演算法研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2018,38(4):1239-1247.Deng Junbo,Wang Han,Xue Jianyi,et al.Improved reverse algorithm of surface charge density distribution and electric field distribution based on electrostatic probe[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(4):1239-1247.
[12]林浩凡,王瑞雪,谢庆,等.等离子体射流快速改性促进表面电荷衰减[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(16):256-264.Lin Haofan,Wang Ruixue,Xie Qing,et al.Rapid surface modification by plasma jet to promote surface charge decaying[J]Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(16):256-264.
[13]Volpov E.Electric field modeling and field formation mechanism in HVDC SF6 gas insulated systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics&Electrical Insulation,2003,10(2):204-215.
[14]Guillermin C,Rain P,Rowe S,et al.Transient and steady-state currents in epoxy resin[J].Journal of Physics D,2006,39(3):515-524.
[15]Wiegart N,Niemeyer L,Pinnekamp F,et al.Inhomogeneous field breakdown in GIS-the prediction of breakdown probabilities and voltages.II.Ion density and statistical time lag[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1988,3(3):931-938.
[16]Kindersberger J,Lederle C.Surface charge decay on insulators in air and sulfurhexafluorid-partⅠ:simulation[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics&Electrical Insulation,2008,15(4):941-948.
[17]Kindersberger J.The statistical time lag to discharge inception in SF6[D].Munich:Technische Universit?t München,1986.
[18]Straumann U,Schuller M,Franck C M.Theoretical investigation of HVDC disc spacer charging in SF6gas insulated systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics&Electrical Insulation,2012,19(6):2196-2205.
[19]Schueller M,Straumann U,Franck C M.Role of ion sources for spacer charging in SF6 gas insulated HVDC systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics&Electrical Insulation,2014,21(1):352-359.
[20]Weedy B M.DC conductivity of voltalit epoxy spacers in SF6[J].Science Measurement&Technology IEE Proceedings A,1985,132(7):450-454.
[21]王仲奕,王琪,陈青.染污复合绝缘子交流电场特性研究[J].高压电器,2010,46(4):25-30.Wang Zhongyi,Wang Qi,Cheng Qing.Research on the AC electric-field distribution along contaminated polymer insulators[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2010,46(4):25-30.
[22]Okabe S,Ueta G,Nojima K.Resistance characteristics and electrification characteristics of GIS epoxy insulators under DC voltage[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics&Electrical Insulation,2014,21(3):1260-1267.
[23]王蓓,张贵新,王强,等.SF6及空气中绝缘子表面电荷的消散过程分析[J].高电压技术,2011,37(1):99-103.Wang Bei,Zhang Guixin,Wang Qiang,et al.Analysis of surface charge decay process on insulators in SF6 and air[J].High Voltage Engineering,2011,37(1):99-103.
[24]鲁杨飞,李庆民,刘涛,等.高频电压下表面电荷分布对沿面放电发展过程的影响[J].电工技术学报,2018,33(13):3059-3070.Lu Yangfei,Li Qingmin,Liu Tao,et al.Effect of surface charge on the surface discharge evolution for polyimide under high frequency voltage[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2018,33(13):3059-3070.
[2]范建斌,李鹏,李金忠,等.±800kV特高压直流GIL关键技术研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2008,28(13):1-7.Fan Jianbin,Li Peng,Li Jinzhong,et al.Study on key technology of±800kV UHVDC GIL[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2008,28(13):1-7.
[3]Koch H J.Gas-insulated transmission line(GIL)[M].New Jersey:Wiley John&Sons,2012.
[4]Delucchi M A,Jacobson M Z.Providing all global energy with wind,water,and solar power,PartⅡ:Reliability,system and transmission costs,and policies[J].Energy Policy,2011,39(3):1170-1190.
[5]唐炬,潘成,王邸博,等.高压直流绝缘材料表面电荷积聚研究进展[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(8):10-21.Tang Ju,Pan Cheng,Wang Dibo,et al.Development of Studies about surface charge accumulation on insulating material under HVDC[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(8):10-21.
[6]汪沨,方志,邱毓昌.高压直流GIS中绝缘子的表面电荷积聚的研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(3):105-109.Wang Feng,Fang Zhi,Qiu Yuchang.Study of charge accumulation on insulator surface in HVDC gasinsulated switcher[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2005,25(3):105-109.
[7]刘熊,林海丹,梁义明,等.空气中微秒脉冲沿面放电对环氧树脂表面特性影响研究[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(13):158-165.Liu Xiong,Lin Haidan,Liang Yiming.Effect of Atmospheric pressure microsecond pulsed discharges on epoxy resin surface[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(13):158-165.
[8]王健,李伯涛,李庆民,等.直流GIL中线形金属微粒对柱式绝缘子表面电荷积聚的影响[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(15):213-222.Wang Jian,Li Botao,Li Qingmin,et al.Impact of linear metal particle on surface charge accumulation of post insulator within DC GIL[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(15):213-222.
[9]Ootera H,Nakanishi K.Analytical method for evaluating surface charge distribution on a dielectric from capacitive probe measurement-application to a cone-type spacer in±500kV DC-GIS[J].IEEETransactions on Power Delivery,1988,3(1):165-172.
[10]林川杰,李传扬,张贵新,等.盆式绝缘子表面电荷反演算法综述及展望[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(24):6654-6663.Lin Chuanjie,Li Chuanyag,Zhang Guixin,et al.Review and prospect of surface charge inversion algorithm of cone-type spacer based on surface potential measurements[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(24):6654-6663.
[11]邓军波,王涵,薛建议,等.基于静电探头法的表面电荷密度分布及电场分布的改进反演算法研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2018,38(4):1239-1247.Deng Junbo,Wang Han,Xue Jianyi,et al.Improved reverse algorithm of surface charge density distribution and electric field distribution based on electrostatic probe[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(4):1239-1247.
[12]林浩凡,王瑞雪,谢庆,等.等离子体射流快速改性促进表面电荷衰减[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(16):256-264.Lin Haofan,Wang Ruixue,Xie Qing,et al.Rapid surface modification by plasma jet to promote surface charge decaying[J]Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(16):256-264.
[13]Volpov E.Electric field modeling and field formation mechanism in HVDC SF6 gas insulated systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics&Electrical Insulation,2003,10(2):204-215.
[14]Guillermin C,Rain P,Rowe S,et al.Transient and steady-state currents in epoxy resin[J].Journal of Physics D,2006,39(3):515-524.
[15]Wiegart N,Niemeyer L,Pinnekamp F,et al.Inhomogeneous field breakdown in GIS-the prediction of breakdown probabilities and voltages.II.Ion density and statistical time lag[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1988,3(3):931-938.
[16]Kindersberger J,Lederle C.Surface charge decay on insulators in air and sulfurhexafluorid-partⅠ:simulation[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics&Electrical Insulation,2008,15(4):941-948.
[17]Kindersberger J.The statistical time lag to discharge inception in SF6[D].Munich:Technische Universit?t München,1986.
[18]Straumann U,Schuller M,Franck C M.Theoretical investigation of HVDC disc spacer charging in SF6gas insulated systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics&Electrical Insulation,2012,19(6):2196-2205.
[19]Schueller M,Straumann U,Franck C M.Role of ion sources for spacer charging in SF6 gas insulated HVDC systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics&Electrical Insulation,2014,21(1):352-359.
[20]Weedy B M.DC conductivity of voltalit epoxy spacers in SF6[J].Science Measurement&Technology IEE Proceedings A,1985,132(7):450-454.
[21]王仲奕,王琪,陈青.染污复合绝缘子交流电场特性研究[J].高压电器,2010,46(4):25-30.Wang Zhongyi,Wang Qi,Cheng Qing.Research on the AC electric-field distribution along contaminated polymer insulators[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2010,46(4):25-30.
[22]Okabe S,Ueta G,Nojima K.Resistance characteristics and electrification characteristics of GIS epoxy insulators under DC voltage[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics&Electrical Insulation,2014,21(3):1260-1267.
[23]王蓓,张贵新,王强,等.SF6及空气中绝缘子表面电荷的消散过程分析[J].高电压技术,2011,37(1):99-103.Wang Bei,Zhang Guixin,Wang Qiang,et al.Analysis of surface charge decay process on insulators in SF6 and air[J].High Voltage Engineering,2011,37(1):99-103.
[24]鲁杨飞,李庆民,刘涛,等.高频电压下表面电荷分布对沿面放电发展过程的影响[J].电工技术学报,2018,33(13):3059-3070.Lu Yangfei,Li Qingmin,Liu Tao,et al.Effect of surface charge on the surface discharge evolution for polyimide under high frequency voltage[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2018,33(13):3059-3070.