计及实时电量交易的售电公司日偏差电量考核优化模型
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摘要
启动现货市场的目的是建立电力中长期交易和现货交易相结合的市场化电力电量平衡机制,而在市场运营机制不完善的建设初期,以日为结算期的短期考核机制有利于市场公平交易,稳定现货市场中的电力电量波动。为了更直观地体现短期偏差电量考核对售电公司收益及经营策略的影响,构建了计及日偏差电量考核机制的售电公司日前市场收益模型。基于实时市场购电和与储能电站电量交易,建立了以售电公司收益最大化为目标的日偏差电量考核优化模型。基于广东省2017年交易数据模拟典型日现货交易和实际用电情况,对比分析模型优化效果,并对统一出清价和单位考核成本及与储能电站的交易电价、正、负偏差量进行了敏感性分析。结果表明:该优化策略可明显提高售电公司收益;统一出清价、单位考核成本和向储能电站购电电价对额外成本影响最大,向储能电站售电电价对额外收益影响最大,正、负偏差量对售电公司整体收益影响最大。
The purpose of starting the spot market is to establish a market-based power balance mechanism that combines medium and long-term power transactions with spot transactions. In the early construction stage in which the market operation mechanism is not perfect,the short-term assessment mechanism with a daily settlement period is conducive to fair market transactions and stabilize power fluctuations in the spot market. With the objective of intuitively reflecting the impact of shortterm deviation power assessment on the revenue and business strategy of the electricity retailer,a revenue model in day-ahead market of the retailer that takes into account the daily deviation power assessment mechanism is constructed. On the basis of real-time market purchase and electricity trading with energy storage stations a daily deviation power assessment optimization model with the objective of maximizing revenue of retailer is established. According to the 2017 transaction data of Guangdong Power Market,the typical daily spot transaction and actual power consumption are simulated. Moreover,sensitivity analysis of uniform clearing price,unit assessment cost,transaction price with the energy storage station and positive and negative deviation is conducted. The results showthat the optimization strategy can significantly improve the revenue of the retailer;uniform clearing price,unit assessment cost and the prices of electricity purchased from the energy storage station have the greatest impact on the additional cost; the prices of electricity sold to energy storage power stations have the greatest impact on additional revenue; positive and negative deviations have the greatest impact on the overall revenue of the retailer.
The purpose of starting the spot market is to establish a market-based power balance mechanism that combines medium and long-term power transactions with spot transactions. In the early construction stage in which the market operation mechanism is not perfect,the short-term assessment mechanism with a daily settlement period is conducive to fair market transactions and stabilize power fluctuations in the spot market. With the objective of intuitively reflecting the impact of shortterm deviation power assessment on the revenue and business strategy of the electricity retailer,a revenue model in day-ahead market of the retailer that takes into account the daily deviation power assessment mechanism is constructed. On the basis of real-time market purchase and electricity trading with energy storage stations a daily deviation power assessment optimization model with the objective of maximizing revenue of retailer is established. According to the 2017 transaction data of Guangdong Power Market,the typical daily spot transaction and actual power consumption are simulated. Moreover,sensitivity analysis of uniform clearing price,unit assessment cost,transaction price with the energy storage station and positive and negative deviation is conducted. The results showthat the optimization strategy can significantly improve the revenue of the retailer;uniform clearing price,unit assessment cost and the prices of electricity purchased from the energy storage station have the greatest impact on the additional cost; the prices of electricity sold to energy storage power stations have the greatest impact on additional revenue; positive and negative deviations have the greatest impact on the overall revenue of the retailer.
引文
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[15]胡晨,杜松怀,苏娟,等.新电改背景下我国售电公司的购售电途径与经营模式探讨[J].电网技术,2016,40(11):3293-3299.HU Chen,DU Songhuai,SU Juan,et al.Preliminary research of trading approach and management modes of Chinese electricity retail companies under new electricity market reform[J].Pow er System Technology,2016,40(11):3293-3299.
[16]曾嘉志,赵雄飞,李静,等.用电侧市场放开下的电力市场多主体博弈[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(24):129-136.ZENG Jiazhi,ZHAO Xiongfei,LI Jing,et al.Game Among multiple entities in electricity market w ith liberalization of pow er demand side market[J].Automation of Electric Pow er Systems,2017,41(24):129-136.
[17]YU Xiaobao,TAN Zhongfu,CHEN Kangting.Dynamic game analysis of coal electricity market involving multi-interests[J].M athematical Problems in Engineering,2016(49):1-9.
[18]余加喜,白雪峰,郭志忠,等.考虑负荷变化率的日发电计划[J].电力系统自动化,2008,32(18):30-34.YU Jiaxi,BAI Xuefeng,GUO Zhizhong,et al.Daily generation scheduling w ith load variation rate considered[J].Automation of Electric Pow er Systems,2008,32(18):30-34.
[19]ADEREMI B,CHOWDHURY S,OLWAL T et al.Technoeconomic feasibility of hybrid solar photovoltaic and battery energy storage pow er system for a mobile cellular base station in soshanguve,south Africa[J].Energies,2018,11:1-26.
[20]HAN X J,Ji T M,ZHAO Z K,et al.Economic evaluation of batteries planning in energy storage pow er stations for load shifting[J].Renewable Energy,2015,78:643-647.
[21]SAKURAMA K.Distributed flow network control with demand response via price adjustment[J].Neurocomputing,2017,270(SI):34-42.
[22]ABDULAAL,A,MOGHADDASS R,ASFOUR S.Two-stage discrete-continuous multi-objective load optimization:An industrial consumer utility approach to demand response[J].Applied Energy,2017,206:206-221.
[2]罗琴,宋依群.售电市场环境下计及可中断负荷的营销策略[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(17):134-139.LUO Qin,SONG Yiqun.M arketing strategy in competitive retail market considering interruptible load[J].Automation of Electric Pow er Systems,2015,39(17):134-139.
[3]谭忠富,王冠,李鹏,等.市场环境下的售电商合作博弈研究[J].中国电力,2017,50(4):45-51.TAN Zhongfu,WANG Guan,LI Peng,et al.Research on cooperative game of electricity providers under the market environment[J].Electric Pow er,2017,50(4):45-51.
[4]杨阳方,刘继春.计及电量互保策略的售电公司两阶段日前决策方法[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(24):120-128.YANG Yangfang,LIU Jichun.Tw o-stage decision-making method of retailers considering pow er transfer strategy[J].Automation of Electric Pow er Systems,2017,41(24):120-128.
[5]YU Xiaobao,TAN Zhongfu,ZHANG Yuxie.The feedback mechanism of carbon emission reduction in pow er industry of delayed systems[J].M athematical Problems in Engineering,2017(8):1-14.
[6]李春,卫志农,孙国强,等.考虑风力发电波动引起频率偏差的电力系统状态估计[J].电网技术,2015,39(5):1301-1306.LI Chun,WEI Zhinong,SUN Guoqiang,et al.State estimation of pow er system considering frequency deviation caused by fluctuation of w ind pow er generation[J].Pow er System Technology,2015,39(5):1301-1306.
[7]HE J,CAI L,CHENG P,et al.Optimal investment for retail company in electricity market[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics,2015,11(5):1210-1219.
[8]KAZEMI M,MOHAMMADI-IVATLOO B,EHSAN M.Riskconstrained strategic bidding of Gen Cos considering demand response[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2014,30(1):376-384.
[9]喻小宝,谭忠富,马佳乐,等.计及需求响应的售电公司正偏差电量考核优化模型[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42:1-9.YU Xiaobao,TAN Zhongfu,M A Jiale,et al.Optimal model for positive deviation penalty of pow er retailers considering demand response[J].Automation of Electric Pow er Systems,2018,42:1-9.
[10]舒畅,钟海旺,夏清.基于优化理论市场化的日前电力市场机制设计[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(2):55-62.SHU Chang,ZHONG Haiw ang,XIA Qing.Day-ahead electricit market design based on market interpretation of optimization theory[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(2):55-62.
[11]郭曼兰,陈皓勇,张聪,等.偏差电量考核机制下售电公司的最优经营策略[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(20):17-25.GUO M anlan,CHEN Haoyong,ZHANG Cong,et al.Optimal marketing strategy of retailers under energy deviation penalty[J].Automation of Electric Pow er Systems,2017,41(20):17-25.
[12]刘敦楠,汤洪海,杨沫,等.促进新能源消纳的电力交易偏差结算补偿机制[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(24):105-111.LIU Dunnan,TANG Honghai,YANG M o,et al.Settlement compensation mechanism of pow er trading deviation w ith promotion of renew able energy consumption[J].Automation of Electric Pow er Systems,2017,41(24):105-111.
[13]丁坚勇,张银芽,杨东俊,等.基于频率偏差的跨区电网交易偏差电量责任判定及定价方法[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(16):105-110.DING Jianyong,ZHANG Yinya,YANG Dongjun,et al.Responsibility determination and pricing method of deviation electric quantity based on frequency deviation of cross-regional grids trading[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(16):105-110.
[14]文安,黄维芳,刘年.英国电力市场的电量交易平衡机制[J].南方电网技术,2014,8(5):1-5.WEN An,HUANG Weifang,LIU Nian.The balancing mechanism of the UK electricity trading market[J].Southern Pow er System Technology,2014,8(5):1-5.
[15]胡晨,杜松怀,苏娟,等.新电改背景下我国售电公司的购售电途径与经营模式探讨[J].电网技术,2016,40(11):3293-3299.HU Chen,DU Songhuai,SU Juan,et al.Preliminary research of trading approach and management modes of Chinese electricity retail companies under new electricity market reform[J].Pow er System Technology,2016,40(11):3293-3299.
[16]曾嘉志,赵雄飞,李静,等.用电侧市场放开下的电力市场多主体博弈[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(24):129-136.ZENG Jiazhi,ZHAO Xiongfei,LI Jing,et al.Game Among multiple entities in electricity market w ith liberalization of pow er demand side market[J].Automation of Electric Pow er Systems,2017,41(24):129-136.
[17]YU Xiaobao,TAN Zhongfu,CHEN Kangting.Dynamic game analysis of coal electricity market involving multi-interests[J].M athematical Problems in Engineering,2016(49):1-9.
[18]余加喜,白雪峰,郭志忠,等.考虑负荷变化率的日发电计划[J].电力系统自动化,2008,32(18):30-34.YU Jiaxi,BAI Xuefeng,GUO Zhizhong,et al.Daily generation scheduling w ith load variation rate considered[J].Automation of Electric Pow er Systems,2008,32(18):30-34.
[19]ADEREMI B,CHOWDHURY S,OLWAL T et al.Technoeconomic feasibility of hybrid solar photovoltaic and battery energy storage pow er system for a mobile cellular base station in soshanguve,south Africa[J].Energies,2018,11:1-26.
[20]HAN X J,Ji T M,ZHAO Z K,et al.Economic evaluation of batteries planning in energy storage pow er stations for load shifting[J].Renewable Energy,2015,78:643-647.
[21]SAKURAMA K.Distributed flow network control with demand response via price adjustment[J].Neurocomputing,2017,270(SI):34-42.
[22]ABDULAAL,A,MOGHADDASS R,ASFOUR S.Two-stage discrete-continuous multi-objective load optimization:An industrial consumer utility approach to demand response[J].Applied Energy,2017,206:206-221.