内蒙古陈台屯斑岩型铜矿地质、地球物理特征及找矿方向
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摘要
内蒙古陈台屯铜矿区是一个以斑岩型铜矿为主要目标的勘查区,位于大兴安岭中段,成矿时代为中侏罗世。目前在矿区发现了斑岩型铜矿化和脉状铜矿化两种矿化类型。斑岩型铜矿化主要形成于陈台斑岩体顶部与二叠系大石寨组安山质火山岩的内、外接触带上,围岩蚀变作用强烈,并具有明显的分带特征,自下而上、由内到外可分为钾化带、黄铁-绢英岩化带、泥化带和青磐岩化带,斑岩型铜矿化主要集中于黄铁-绢英岩化带中。脉状铜矿主要充填于万宝组沉积地层和大石寨组火山岩的裂隙中,围岩蚀变仅发育黄铁-绢英岩化和弱青磐岩化。通过对矿区开展激电中梯测量和CSAMT电阻率测深并施工钻探验证,发现高极化率异常与斑岩型铜矿体和脉状铜矿体均具有良好的空间对应关系,可以作为下一步铜矿勘查的重要目标;低电阻率异常既可以由斑岩型铜矿化作用所引起,又可以由孔隙度较高的万宝组砂岩所引起,因此首先需要区分异常形成的原因,进而用低电阻率异常指导找矿,但高电阻率异常通常代表了致密的、不含矿的地质体。
The Chentaitun copper district in Inner Mongolia, dominated by porphyry copper deposits, located in the middle section of the Hinggan Mountain, formed in middle Jurassic time. Two mineralization types have been identified: porphyry copper mineralization and vein-style copper mineralization. Porphyry copper mineralization occurred around the contact zones between the Permian Dashizhai Formation volcanoes and Chentai porphyry intrusion, with intense wall-rock alteration. The alteration associated with porphyry copper mineralization can be divided into four zones from lower to upper or from inside to outside, which are potassic, quartz-sericite-pyrite (QSP), argillic and propylitic zones. Porphyry copper mineralization was predominantly concentrated in the QSP zone. Vein-type copper ores were filled within the fractures of the Wanbao Formation sedimentary strata and Dashizhai Formation volcanic rocks. Central gradient-array induced polarization and CSAMT survey results were verified by diamond drilling. It is concluded that high chargeability anomalies are spatially coincident with both porphyry and vein-type copper orebodies. Therefore, the chargeability high could be key targets for the next stage of exploration. Low resistivity anomalies are not only caused by porphyry copper mineralization, but also generated by the Wanbao Formation sedimentary rocks of high porosity. It is necessary to investigate the reasons before applying the resistivity low to exploration targets. However, the high resistivity anomalies are usually associated with compact and barren geologic bodies.
The Chentaitun copper district in Inner Mongolia, dominated by porphyry copper deposits, located in the middle section of the Hinggan Mountain, formed in middle Jurassic time. Two mineralization types have been identified: porphyry copper mineralization and vein-style copper mineralization. Porphyry copper mineralization occurred around the contact zones between the Permian Dashizhai Formation volcanoes and Chentai porphyry intrusion, with intense wall-rock alteration. The alteration associated with porphyry copper mineralization can be divided into four zones from lower to upper or from inside to outside, which are potassic, quartz-sericite-pyrite (QSP), argillic and propylitic zones. Porphyry copper mineralization was predominantly concentrated in the QSP zone. Vein-type copper ores were filled within the fractures of the Wanbao Formation sedimentary strata and Dashizhai Formation volcanic rocks. Central gradient-array induced polarization and CSAMT survey results were verified by diamond drilling. It is concluded that high chargeability anomalies are spatially coincident with both porphyry and vein-type copper orebodies. Therefore, the chargeability high could be key targets for the next stage of exploration. Low resistivity anomalies are not only caused by porphyry copper mineralization, but also generated by the Wanbao Formation sedimentary rocks of high porosity. It is necessary to investigate the reasons before applying the resistivity low to exploration targets. However, the high resistivity anomalies are usually associated with compact and barren geologic bodies.
引文
Cooke D R,Hollings P and Walshe J L.2005.Giant porphyry deposits:Characteristics,distribution,and tectonic controls[J].Economic Geology,100:801-818
Feng Jian-Zhong,Wang Jing-Bin,Mei You-Song.2000.Au-Ag polymetallic metallogenic series related to volcano-subvolcanic-porphyryof China[J].Geology and Prospecting,36(3):1-4(in Chinesewith English abstract)
Gao He-ming.1995.A summary of researches on porphyry copper deposits[J].Advence in Earth Sciences,10(1):40-46(in Chinese with English abstract)
He Mei-xing.2-D CSAMT occam inversion research[D].Beijing:China University of Geosciences:1-5(in Chinese with English abstract)
Inner Mongolia Geological Team No.115.1991.Prediction report on concealed deposit of Lianhuashan copperbase metal ore field,Inner Mongolia[M]:1-96(in Chinese)
Inner Mongolia Geology and Mineral Resources Bureau.1991.Regional geology of Inner Mongolia[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House:1-499(in Chinese)
Jilin Geological Bureau.1998.Regional geology of Jilin Province[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House:1-280(in Chinese)
Li Jin-ming.1996.A generalized description of the development of electric exploration methods[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,20(4):250-258(in Chinese with English abstract)
Liu Guang-hai,Bai Da-ming.1994.The integrated geological-geophysical-geochemical prospectiong model of the Lianhuashan copper-silverdeporit[J].Mineral Deposits,13(2):163-180(in Chinese with English abstract)
Liu Hong-Wen,Xing Shu-Wen,Zhou Yong-Chang.2002.The metallo-genic model of the porphyry-hydrothermal gold-multiple metallogenic deposits in South Jilin Province[J].Geology and Prospecting,38(2):28-32(in Chinese with English abstract)
Liu Jian-Ming,Zhang Rui,Zhang Qing-Zhou.2004.The regional metallogeny of Da Hinggan Ling,China[J].Earth Science Frontiers,11(3):269-277(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Lowell J D,Guilbert J M.1970.Lateral and vertical alteration-mineralization zoning in porphyry ore deposits[J].Economic Geology,65:373-408
Ma Zhen-bo.2011.Application of combined geophysical methods CSAMT and sip to the survey of concealed metal deposits in the Lu-anchuan Mountainous Area,Henan Province[J].Geology and Exploration,47(4):654-662(in Chinese with English abstract)
Pan Y M,Dong P.1999.The Lower Chang Jiang(Yangtze River)metallogenic belt,East Central China:intrusion and wall Rock hostedCu-Fe-Au-Mo,Zn,Pb and Ag deposits[J].Ore Geology Reviews,15(4):177-242
Park N W,Chi K H,Kwon B D.2007.Accounting for spatial patterns of multiple geological data sets in geological thematic mapping using GIS based spatial analysis[J].Environmental Geology,51:1147-1155
Ren Ji-shun.2002.Tectonic map of China and ddjoining area[M].Bejing:Geoloigcal Publishing House:1(in Chinese)
Rui Zong-yao,Hou Zeng-qian,Li Guang-ming,Zhang Li-sheng,WangLong-sheng,Tang Suo-Han.2006.Subduction,collision,deepfracture,adakite and porphyry copper deposits[J].Geology and Exploration,42(1):1-6(in Chinese with English abstract)
Sandberg,S K,Hohmann G W.1982.Controlled source audio magneto-tellurics in geothermal exploration[J].Geophysics,47:100-116
Tang Jing-tian,He Ji-shan.2005.Controlled-source audio-frequencymagneto-telluric and application[M].Changsha:Central South University Press:33-39(in Chinese)
Tang Jing-tian.2010.Identification and discrimination of the horizontal layered earth by using CSAMT apparent resistivity curves[J].Geology and Exploration,46(6):1079-1086(in Chinese with English abstract)
The3rd Geological Survey institute.1981.Preliminary detailed exploration report of Lianhuashan ore district,Tuquan County,Inner Mongolia[R]:1-90(in Chinese)
Wang Jing-Bin,Wang Yu-Wang,Wang Li-Juan.2000.Copper metallogenic setting and prospecting potential in the middle-southern part of Da Hinggan Mountains[J].Geology and Prospecting,36(5):1-4(in Chinese with English abstract)
Xiao Bing-jian,Wang Wei-de,Zhang Qiang,Li Xian-dong,Wang Zheng-lang,Liu Tong,Hu Lai-long.2008.Geology background of Lianhuashan Ag-Cu deposit in Tuquan County,Inner Mongolia[J].Geology and Prospecting,44(1):26-30(in Chinese with English abstract)
Yang Zhi-ming,Hou Zeng-qian.2009.Porphyry Cu Deposits in collisional orogen setting:A preliminary genetic model[J].Mineral Deposits,28(5):515-538(in Chinese with English abstract)
Ye Hui-shou,Mao Jing-wen,He Chun-fen,He Yue,Meng Fang.2010.The geological characteristics and metallogenic epoch of porphyry molybdnum and veintype deposits in Fudian ore district,Henan Province[J].Mineral Deposits,29(Additional):537-538(in Chinese with English abstract)
Yu Chang-ming.1998.The application of CSAMT method in looking for hidden gold mine[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,41(1):133-138(in Chinese with English abstract)
Yu Chuan-tao,Liu Hong-fu,Yu Yan-mei,Ma Zhi-fei.2010.Application of CSAMT method in buried fault detecting in coal mine[J].Computerized Tomography Theory and Applications,19(1):28-33(in Chinese with English abstract)
Yu Ze-xin.2009.The application of CSAMT in prospecting in depth in Kangzhangzi deposit in western Liaoning Province[J].Geology and Exploration,45(5):600-605(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Zonge,K L,Hughes,L J.1988.Controlled source audio-frequency magnetotellurics[J].EM Method in Applied Geophysics.2(B):713-809
Zonge,K L,Ostrander,A G.1986.Emer D F.Controlled-source audio-frequency magnetotelluric measurements,magnetotelluric methods[J].Soc.Expl.Geophysics,Reprint Series5:749-763
冯建忠,王京彬,梅友松.2000.论中国火山次火山岩-斑岩型金银成矿系列[J].地质与勘探,36(3):1-4
高合明.1995.斑岩铜矿床研究综述[J].地球科学进展,10(1):40-46
何梅兴.2009.可控源音频大地电磁二维OCCAM反演研究[D].北京:中国地质大学:1-5
吉林省地质矿产局.1988.吉林省区域地质志[M].北京:地质出版社:1-280
吉林省第三地质调查所.1981.内蒙古自治区突泉县莲花山矿区铜银矿初步勘探地质报告[R].1-90
李金铭.1996.电法勘探方法发展概况.物探与化探[J],20(4):250-258
刘光海,白大明.1994.莲花山铜银矿综合找矿模式[J].矿床地质,13(2):163-180
刘洪文,邢树文,周永昶.2002.吉南地区斑岩—热液脉型金多金属矿床成矿模式[J].地质与勘探,38(2):28-32
刘建明,张摇锐,张庆洲.2004.大兴安岭地区的区域成矿特征[J].地学前缘,11(3):269-277
马振波.2011.CSAMT与SIP物探组合法在河南省栾川山区隐伏金属矿勘查中的应用[J].地质与勘探,47(4):654-662
内蒙古自治区115地质队.1991.内蒙古自治区突泉县莲花山铜多金属矿田隐伏矿床预测研究报告[M].
内蒙古自治区地质矿产局.1991.内蒙古自治区区域地质志[M].北京:地质出版社:1-499
任纪舜.1999.中国及临区大地构造图[M].北京:地质出版社:1-2
芮宗瑶,侯增谦,李光明,张立生,王龙生,唐索寒.2006.俯冲、碰撞、深断裂和埃达克岩与斑岩铜矿[J].地质与勘探,42(1):1-6
汤井田,何继善.2005.可控音频大地电磁法及其应用[M].长沙:中南大学出版社:33-39
汤井田.2010.CSAMT视电阻率曲线对水平层状大地的识别与分辨[J].地质与勘探,46(6):1079-1086
王京彬,王玉往,王莉娟.2000.大兴安岭中南段铜矿成矿背景及找矿潜力[J].地质与勘探,36(5):1-4
肖丙建,王伟德,张强,李宪栋,王真亮,刘同,胡来龙.2008.内蒙古突泉县莲花山银铜矿床成矿地质背景探讨[J].地质与勘探,44(1):26-30
杨志明,侯增谦.2009.初论碰撞造山环境斑岩铜矿成矿模型[J].矿床地质,28(5):515-538
叶会寿,毛景文,何春芬,何岳,孟芳.2010.河南付店矿集区斑岩钼矿和脉状铅锌矿地质特征与成矿时代[J].矿床地质,29(增刊):537-538
于昌明.1998.CSAMT方法在寻找隐伏金矿中的应用[J].地球物理学报,41(1):133-138
于泽新.2009.CSAMT法在辽西康杖子区深部探矿中的应用[J].地质与勘探,45(5):600-605
余传涛,刘鸿福,于艳梅,马志飞.2010.CSAMT法在煤矿隐伏断层探测中的应用[J].CT理论与应用研究,19(1):28-33
Feng Jian-Zhong,Wang Jing-Bin,Mei You-Song.2000.Au-Ag polymetallic metallogenic series related to volcano-subvolcanic-porphyryof China[J].Geology and Prospecting,36(3):1-4(in Chinesewith English abstract)
Gao He-ming.1995.A summary of researches on porphyry copper deposits[J].Advence in Earth Sciences,10(1):40-46(in Chinese with English abstract)
He Mei-xing.2-D CSAMT occam inversion research[D].Beijing:China University of Geosciences:1-5(in Chinese with English abstract)
Inner Mongolia Geological Team No.115.1991.Prediction report on concealed deposit of Lianhuashan copperbase metal ore field,Inner Mongolia[M]:1-96(in Chinese)
Inner Mongolia Geology and Mineral Resources Bureau.1991.Regional geology of Inner Mongolia[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House:1-499(in Chinese)
Jilin Geological Bureau.1998.Regional geology of Jilin Province[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House:1-280(in Chinese)
Li Jin-ming.1996.A generalized description of the development of electric exploration methods[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,20(4):250-258(in Chinese with English abstract)
Liu Guang-hai,Bai Da-ming.1994.The integrated geological-geophysical-geochemical prospectiong model of the Lianhuashan copper-silverdeporit[J].Mineral Deposits,13(2):163-180(in Chinese with English abstract)
Liu Hong-Wen,Xing Shu-Wen,Zhou Yong-Chang.2002.The metallo-genic model of the porphyry-hydrothermal gold-multiple metallogenic deposits in South Jilin Province[J].Geology and Prospecting,38(2):28-32(in Chinese with English abstract)
Liu Jian-Ming,Zhang Rui,Zhang Qing-Zhou.2004.The regional metallogeny of Da Hinggan Ling,China[J].Earth Science Frontiers,11(3):269-277(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Lowell J D,Guilbert J M.1970.Lateral and vertical alteration-mineralization zoning in porphyry ore deposits[J].Economic Geology,65:373-408
Ma Zhen-bo.2011.Application of combined geophysical methods CSAMT and sip to the survey of concealed metal deposits in the Lu-anchuan Mountainous Area,Henan Province[J].Geology and Exploration,47(4):654-662(in Chinese with English abstract)
Pan Y M,Dong P.1999.The Lower Chang Jiang(Yangtze River)metallogenic belt,East Central China:intrusion and wall Rock hostedCu-Fe-Au-Mo,Zn,Pb and Ag deposits[J].Ore Geology Reviews,15(4):177-242
Park N W,Chi K H,Kwon B D.2007.Accounting for spatial patterns of multiple geological data sets in geological thematic mapping using GIS based spatial analysis[J].Environmental Geology,51:1147-1155
Ren Ji-shun.2002.Tectonic map of China and ddjoining area[M].Bejing:Geoloigcal Publishing House:1(in Chinese)
Rui Zong-yao,Hou Zeng-qian,Li Guang-ming,Zhang Li-sheng,WangLong-sheng,Tang Suo-Han.2006.Subduction,collision,deepfracture,adakite and porphyry copper deposits[J].Geology and Exploration,42(1):1-6(in Chinese with English abstract)
Sandberg,S K,Hohmann G W.1982.Controlled source audio magneto-tellurics in geothermal exploration[J].Geophysics,47:100-116
Tang Jing-tian,He Ji-shan.2005.Controlled-source audio-frequencymagneto-telluric and application[M].Changsha:Central South University Press:33-39(in Chinese)
Tang Jing-tian.2010.Identification and discrimination of the horizontal layered earth by using CSAMT apparent resistivity curves[J].Geology and Exploration,46(6):1079-1086(in Chinese with English abstract)
The3rd Geological Survey institute.1981.Preliminary detailed exploration report of Lianhuashan ore district,Tuquan County,Inner Mongolia[R]:1-90(in Chinese)
Wang Jing-Bin,Wang Yu-Wang,Wang Li-Juan.2000.Copper metallogenic setting and prospecting potential in the middle-southern part of Da Hinggan Mountains[J].Geology and Prospecting,36(5):1-4(in Chinese with English abstract)
Xiao Bing-jian,Wang Wei-de,Zhang Qiang,Li Xian-dong,Wang Zheng-lang,Liu Tong,Hu Lai-long.2008.Geology background of Lianhuashan Ag-Cu deposit in Tuquan County,Inner Mongolia[J].Geology and Prospecting,44(1):26-30(in Chinese with English abstract)
Yang Zhi-ming,Hou Zeng-qian.2009.Porphyry Cu Deposits in collisional orogen setting:A preliminary genetic model[J].Mineral Deposits,28(5):515-538(in Chinese with English abstract)
Ye Hui-shou,Mao Jing-wen,He Chun-fen,He Yue,Meng Fang.2010.The geological characteristics and metallogenic epoch of porphyry molybdnum and veintype deposits in Fudian ore district,Henan Province[J].Mineral Deposits,29(Additional):537-538(in Chinese with English abstract)
Yu Chang-ming.1998.The application of CSAMT method in looking for hidden gold mine[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,41(1):133-138(in Chinese with English abstract)
Yu Chuan-tao,Liu Hong-fu,Yu Yan-mei,Ma Zhi-fei.2010.Application of CSAMT method in buried fault detecting in coal mine[J].Computerized Tomography Theory and Applications,19(1):28-33(in Chinese with English abstract)
Yu Ze-xin.2009.The application of CSAMT in prospecting in depth in Kangzhangzi deposit in western Liaoning Province[J].Geology and Exploration,45(5):600-605(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Zonge,K L,Hughes,L J.1988.Controlled source audio-frequency magnetotellurics[J].EM Method in Applied Geophysics.2(B):713-809
Zonge,K L,Ostrander,A G.1986.Emer D F.Controlled-source audio-frequency magnetotelluric measurements,magnetotelluric methods[J].Soc.Expl.Geophysics,Reprint Series5:749-763
冯建忠,王京彬,梅友松.2000.论中国火山次火山岩-斑岩型金银成矿系列[J].地质与勘探,36(3):1-4
高合明.1995.斑岩铜矿床研究综述[J].地球科学进展,10(1):40-46
何梅兴.2009.可控源音频大地电磁二维OCCAM反演研究[D].北京:中国地质大学:1-5
吉林省地质矿产局.1988.吉林省区域地质志[M].北京:地质出版社:1-280
吉林省第三地质调查所.1981.内蒙古自治区突泉县莲花山矿区铜银矿初步勘探地质报告[R].1-90
李金铭.1996.电法勘探方法发展概况.物探与化探[J],20(4):250-258
刘光海,白大明.1994.莲花山铜银矿综合找矿模式[J].矿床地质,13(2):163-180
刘洪文,邢树文,周永昶.2002.吉南地区斑岩—热液脉型金多金属矿床成矿模式[J].地质与勘探,38(2):28-32
刘建明,张摇锐,张庆洲.2004.大兴安岭地区的区域成矿特征[J].地学前缘,11(3):269-277
马振波.2011.CSAMT与SIP物探组合法在河南省栾川山区隐伏金属矿勘查中的应用[J].地质与勘探,47(4):654-662
内蒙古自治区115地质队.1991.内蒙古自治区突泉县莲花山铜多金属矿田隐伏矿床预测研究报告[M].
内蒙古自治区地质矿产局.1991.内蒙古自治区区域地质志[M].北京:地质出版社:1-499
任纪舜.1999.中国及临区大地构造图[M].北京:地质出版社:1-2
芮宗瑶,侯增谦,李光明,张立生,王龙生,唐索寒.2006.俯冲、碰撞、深断裂和埃达克岩与斑岩铜矿[J].地质与勘探,42(1):1-6
汤井田,何继善.2005.可控音频大地电磁法及其应用[M].长沙:中南大学出版社:33-39
汤井田.2010.CSAMT视电阻率曲线对水平层状大地的识别与分辨[J].地质与勘探,46(6):1079-1086
王京彬,王玉往,王莉娟.2000.大兴安岭中南段铜矿成矿背景及找矿潜力[J].地质与勘探,36(5):1-4
肖丙建,王伟德,张强,李宪栋,王真亮,刘同,胡来龙.2008.内蒙古突泉县莲花山银铜矿床成矿地质背景探讨[J].地质与勘探,44(1):26-30
杨志明,侯增谦.2009.初论碰撞造山环境斑岩铜矿成矿模型[J].矿床地质,28(5):515-538
叶会寿,毛景文,何春芬,何岳,孟芳.2010.河南付店矿集区斑岩钼矿和脉状铅锌矿地质特征与成矿时代[J].矿床地质,29(增刊):537-538
于昌明.1998.CSAMT方法在寻找隐伏金矿中的应用[J].地球物理学报,41(1):133-138
于泽新.2009.CSAMT法在辽西康杖子区深部探矿中的应用[J].地质与勘探,45(5):600-605
余传涛,刘鸿福,于艳梅,马志飞.2010.CSAMT法在煤矿隐伏断层探测中的应用[J].CT理论与应用研究,19(1):28-33