7种杀菌剂对菌草食用菌4种病原真菌的室内毒力测定
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摘要
为筛选有效防止菌草食用菌病原真菌的药剂,本研究选用7种杀菌剂对菌草食用菌4种病原真菌进行室内毒力测定。采用菌落直径法对4种病原真菌进行室内毒力测定,并计算毒力回归方程。7种供试杀菌剂对菌草食用菌4种病原真菌的作用效果中,百菌清对哈茨木霉的抑制作用最好,EC_(50)值最小为0.291 4mg/L;多菌灵对蜡孔菌和侧耳木霉的抑制作用最好,EC_(50)值最小分别为0.257 mg/L和1.030 4 mg/L;精甲霜·锰锌对赭曲霉的抑制作用最好,EC_(50)值最小为9.233 4 mg/L。百菌清、咪鲜胺、多菌灵和精甲霜·锰锌对4种病原真菌均具有较好的抑制作用,建议生产上将这4种药剂轮换使用,以有效控制菌草食用菌病害。
In this study, we described the indoor toxicity of seven fungicides to four fungal pathogens of JUNCAO mushroom diseases using the method of colony diameter. The results showed that the seven fungicides had different effects on the fungal pathogens. The chlorothalonil had the best inhibitory effect on Trichoderma harzianum, and the EC_(50) value was 0.291 4 mg/L. Carbendazim had the best inhibitory effect on Ceriporia lacerata and Trichoderma pleuroticola, and the minimum EC_(50) value was 0.257 mg/L and 1.030 4 mg/L, respectively. The manganese zinc had the best inhibition effect and the EC_(50) value was as 9.233 4 mg/L. Chlorothalonil, carbendazim, manganese zinc could effectively control the four diseases. We suggest that the four fungicides should be used alternately.
In this study, we described the indoor toxicity of seven fungicides to four fungal pathogens of JUNCAO mushroom diseases using the method of colony diameter. The results showed that the seven fungicides had different effects on the fungal pathogens. The chlorothalonil had the best inhibitory effect on Trichoderma harzianum, and the EC_(50) value was 0.291 4 mg/L. Carbendazim had the best inhibitory effect on Ceriporia lacerata and Trichoderma pleuroticola, and the minimum EC_(50) value was 0.257 mg/L and 1.030 4 mg/L, respectively. The manganese zinc had the best inhibition effect and the EC_(50) value was as 9.233 4 mg/L. Chlorothalonil, carbendazim, manganese zinc could effectively control the four diseases. We suggest that the four fungicides should be used alternately.
引文
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[22]杜爱玲.鸡腿菇炭角菌病害发生机理及其防治研究[D].榆林:西北农林科技大学, 2006.
[23]SobieralskiK,SiwulskiM,B?aszczykL,etal.Impactof infectionswithTrichodermapleurotumandTrichoderma pleuroticola isolates on yielding of wild strains of Pleurotus ostreatus(Fr.)Kumm.obtainedfromnaturalsites[J].Acta Scientiarum Polonorum-Hortorum Cultus, 2012, 11(1):239-249.
[24]孟文文.南宁市郊平菇主要病害病原鉴定及生物防治[D].南宁:广西大学, 2015.
[25]QinPS,YangQ,HuangFC,etal.EffectsofPenicillium spp. and Trichoderma spp. on Pleurotus ostreatus growth and screeningofeffectivedisinfectants.AgriculturalScience&Technology, 2015, 16(3):435-438.
[26]吕黎,许丽媛,罗志威,等.哈茨木霉生物防治研究进展[J].湖南农业科学, 2013(17):92-95.
[27]高克祥,刘晓光,郭润芳,等.木霉菌对杨树树皮溃疡病菌拮抗作用的研究[J].林业科学, 2001, 37(5):82-86.
[28]陈桂仙.真姬菇几种常见污染菌的分离鉴定及防治初探[D].福州:福建农林大学, 2011.
[2]林兴生.菌草产业发展的几个关键技术研究[D].福州:福建农林大学, 2013.
[3]胡清秀,宋金娣,管道平.食用菌病虫害危害分析与防治关键控制点[J].中国农学通报, 2008, 24(12):401-406.
[4]张学敏.食用菌病虫害防治[M].北京:金盾出版社, 1994.
[5]中国农业百科全书总编辑委员会农业历史卷编辑委员会,中国农业百科全书编辑部.中国农业百科全书[M].北京:农业出版社, 1995.
[6]董文慧.鸡腿菇两种子实体病害的鉴定及室内防治药剂筛选[D].武汉:华中农业大学, 2013.
[7]贺敏,罗梅梅,王纪华,等.3种杀菌剂在北京林地食用菌中的残留与安全性评价[J].食品科学,2015,36(4):213-216.
[8]AsensiC.Trichodermaharzianum[J].EuropeanJournalof Plant Pathology, 2011, 131(1):121-134.
[9]SuharaH,MaekawaN,KanekoS,etal.Anewspecies,Ceriporia lacerata, isolated from white-rotted wood[J]. Mycotaxon, 2003, 86(41):335-347.
[10]HarrisJP,MantlePG.BiosynthesisofochratoxinsbyAspergillus ochraceus[J]. Phytochemistry, 2001, 58(5):709-716.
[11]张广志,杨合同,张新建,等.木霉属中国新纪录种Trichoderma pleuroticola和T. pleurotum[J].微生物学通报,2013, 40(4):626-630.
[12]詹儒林,李伟,郑服丛.芒果炭疽病菌对多菌灵的抗药性[J].植物保护学报, 2005, 32(1):71-76.
[13]李河,周国英,章怀云,等.油茶苗圃炭疽病菌抗药性研究(英文)[J].植物病理学报, 2012, 42(2):206-213.
[14]邓维萍,杨敏,杜飞,等.葡萄胶孢炭疽菌对3种麦角甾醇脱甲基抑制剂类杀菌剂的敏感性[J].农药学学报,2011, 13(3):245-252.
[15]GisiU,ChinKM,KnapovaG,etal.Recentdevelopments inelucidatingmodesofresistancetophenylamide,dmiand strobilurinfungicides[J].CropProtection,2000,19(8):863-867.
[16]Wong F P, Midland S L. Sensitivity distributions of CaliforniapopulationsofColletotrichumcerealetothedmifungicidespropiconazole,myclobutanil,tebuconazole,andtriadimefon[J]. Plant Disease, 2007, 91(12):1 547-1 555.
[17]骆焱平,郑服丛.农药学科群实验指导[M].海口:海南出版社, 2008.
[18]康业斌,商鸿生,成玉梅.丹皮酚对植物病原真菌的体外抑制作用[J].植物保护学报, 2007, 34(6):580-584.
[19]刘颖超,张金林,庞民好,等.咯菌腈对草莓灰霉病Botrytiscinerea的毒力及防效研究初报[J].农药学学报,2002, 4(3):94-96.
[20]SimoneSW,MomolMT.VegetableDiseaseRecognition and Management-Florida Greenhouse Vegetable Production Handbook,Vol31[Z/OL].2001.http://ufdcimages.uflib.ufl.edu/IR/00/00/16/89/00001/CV27300.pdf.
[21]张有根.毛木耳油疤病病菌寄主范围测定、品种抗病性评价和防治药剂筛选[D].武汉:华中农业大学, 2013.
[22]杜爱玲.鸡腿菇炭角菌病害发生机理及其防治研究[D].榆林:西北农林科技大学, 2006.
[23]SobieralskiK,SiwulskiM,B?aszczykL,etal.Impactof infectionswithTrichodermapleurotumandTrichoderma pleuroticola isolates on yielding of wild strains of Pleurotus ostreatus(Fr.)Kumm.obtainedfromnaturalsites[J].Acta Scientiarum Polonorum-Hortorum Cultus, 2012, 11(1):239-249.
[24]孟文文.南宁市郊平菇主要病害病原鉴定及生物防治[D].南宁:广西大学, 2015.
[25]QinPS,YangQ,HuangFC,etal.EffectsofPenicillium spp. and Trichoderma spp. on Pleurotus ostreatus growth and screeningofeffectivedisinfectants.AgriculturalScience&Technology, 2015, 16(3):435-438.
[26]吕黎,许丽媛,罗志威,等.哈茨木霉生物防治研究进展[J].湖南农业科学, 2013(17):92-95.
[27]高克祥,刘晓光,郭润芳,等.木霉菌对杨树树皮溃疡病菌拮抗作用的研究[J].林业科学, 2001, 37(5):82-86.
[28]陈桂仙.真姬菇几种常见污染菌的分离鉴定及防治初探[D].福州:福建农林大学, 2011.