界址点测量中起算误差的实证分析
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摘要
针对界址点测量误差来源中起始误差含义、大小及其影响程度缺少精确分析等问题,基于RTK规范和地籍调查规程的相关技术指标,采用理论分析与实证相结合的方法,界定了起始误差的含义,得出了符合实际情况的起始误差的大小及其影响程度。采用极坐标法测量界址点时,其起算误差应理解为测站点与定向点之间的相对中误差;起算误差是界址点测量的主要误差来源之一;实践中定向边长应尽可能选用长距离已知边,定向边长不宜小于测站最大观测距1/2。理清了界址点测量中起始误差的含义,理论与实证的起算误差大小相当,能够用于支撑相关规程制定和修改地籍图根控制测量技术指标。
According to the fact that there is no enough quantitative analysis of the meaning and effect of initial data error in boundary point survey,this paper calculates the size and effect of initial data error by qualitative analysis both theoretically and empirically based on specification of cadastral survey.The initial data error is relative mean square error between the station point and the directional point;initial data error is one of the error sources in boundary point survey;we should choose the known edge as long as possible in practice,known edge should not be shorter than half of maximum observation distance.This research clears the connotation of initial data error in boundary point survey,experiment results shows that the actual performance is accordant with the theoretical results.The study can be used for developing relevant regulations and modifying technical indexs in cadastre surveying and control surveyiny.
According to the fact that there is no enough quantitative analysis of the meaning and effect of initial data error in boundary point survey,this paper calculates the size and effect of initial data error by qualitative analysis both theoretically and empirically based on specification of cadastral survey.The initial data error is relative mean square error between the station point and the directional point;initial data error is one of the error sources in boundary point survey;we should choose the known edge as long as possible in practice,known edge should not be shorter than half of maximum observation distance.This research clears the connotation of initial data error in boundary point survey,experiment results shows that the actual performance is accordant with the theoretical results.The study can be used for developing relevant regulations and modifying technical indexs in cadastre surveying and control surveyiny.
引文
[1]BRENNAN G.Methodology[M].[S.l.]:Springer International Publishing,2015.
[2]Spatial Policy of Department of Natural Resources and Mines.Cadastral survey requirements[S].Cadastral Survey Requirements:The Queensland Government,2013.
[3]王家伟,孟庆荣.地籍测量中界址点测量精度的分析[J].测绘与空间地理信息,1994(Z1):20-27.(WANG Jiawei,MENG Qingrong.Analysis on accuracy of boundary point survey in cadastral surveying[J].Geomatics&Spatial Information Technology,1994(Z1):20-27.)
[4]陈传胜,杨爱萍.间接解析法测算界址点的精度分析与试验[J].测绘通报.1997(12):26-29.(CHEN Chuansheng,YANG Aiping.Accuracy analysis and experiment of boundary point survey by indirect analytical method[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping.1997(12):26-29.)
[5]沈克银.地籍界址点测定的技术方法[J].测绘通报.1999(1):32-35.(SHEN keyin.Technical methods of boundary point survey[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping.1999(1):32-35.)
[6]姚吉利.RTK测定房屋遮挡点方法研究[J].测绘通报.2005(12):41-43.(YAO Jili.A study of determination of building corner by RTK[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping.2005(12):41-43.)
[7]张志军.地籍测量中界址点精度分析及改善[J].城市勘测,2009(3):116-118.(ZHANG Zhijun.The analysis and improvement of accuracy of boundary point in cadastral surveying[J].Urban Geotechnical Investigation&Surveying,2009(3):116-118.)
[8]张仁寿.地籍界址点测量精度分析[J].现代测绘,2010,33(1):43-45.(ZHANG Renshou.Accuracy analysis on the surveying of cadastral boundary points[J].Modern Surveying and Mapping,2010,33(1):43-45.)
[9]吴贵才.数字地籍测量的精度研究[J].测绘科学,2011,36(5):184-185.(WU Guicai.Research on precision of digital cadastral survey[J].Science of Surveying and Mapping,2011,36(5):184-185.)
[10]樊德秋.地籍测量中界址点的精度影响因素与技术对策[J].科技与创新,2014(18):156.(FAN Deqiu.Accuracy cadastration boundary points factors and technical strategies[J].Science and Technology&Innovation,2014(18):156.)
[11]黄晓君.城镇地籍测量及精度分析[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古师范大学,2010.(HUANG Xiaojun.Cadastral surveying and its accuracy analysis of urban[D].Huhhot:Inner Mongolia Normal University,2010.)
[12]杜海平,詹长根.现代地籍理论与实践[M].深圳:海天出版社,1999.(DU Haiping,ZHAN Changgen.The theory and practice of modern cadastral survey[M].Shenzhen:HaiTian Press.1999.)
[13]武汉测绘科技大学测量学编写组.测量学[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,1991.(Surveying and Mapping Group of Wuhan University of Surveying and Mapping.Surveying.Wuhan:Wuhan University Press.1991.)
[14]国家测绘局.全球定位系统实时动态测量(RTK)技术规范:CH/T2009-2010[S].北京:[出版者不详],2010.(National Administration of Surveying.Specifications for global positioning system real-time kinematic(RTK)surveys:CH/T2009-2010[S].Beijing:[s.n.],2010.)
[15]中华人民共和国国土资源部.地籍调查规程:TD/T1001-2012[S].北京:[出版者不详],2012.(Ministry of Land and Resources of the People’s Republic of China.Regulations for Cadastral Survey:TD/T1001-2012[S].Beijing:[s.n.],2012.)
[2]Spatial Policy of Department of Natural Resources and Mines.Cadastral survey requirements[S].Cadastral Survey Requirements:The Queensland Government,2013.
[3]王家伟,孟庆荣.地籍测量中界址点测量精度的分析[J].测绘与空间地理信息,1994(Z1):20-27.(WANG Jiawei,MENG Qingrong.Analysis on accuracy of boundary point survey in cadastral surveying[J].Geomatics&Spatial Information Technology,1994(Z1):20-27.)
[4]陈传胜,杨爱萍.间接解析法测算界址点的精度分析与试验[J].测绘通报.1997(12):26-29.(CHEN Chuansheng,YANG Aiping.Accuracy analysis and experiment of boundary point survey by indirect analytical method[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping.1997(12):26-29.)
[5]沈克银.地籍界址点测定的技术方法[J].测绘通报.1999(1):32-35.(SHEN keyin.Technical methods of boundary point survey[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping.1999(1):32-35.)
[6]姚吉利.RTK测定房屋遮挡点方法研究[J].测绘通报.2005(12):41-43.(YAO Jili.A study of determination of building corner by RTK[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping.2005(12):41-43.)
[7]张志军.地籍测量中界址点精度分析及改善[J].城市勘测,2009(3):116-118.(ZHANG Zhijun.The analysis and improvement of accuracy of boundary point in cadastral surveying[J].Urban Geotechnical Investigation&Surveying,2009(3):116-118.)
[8]张仁寿.地籍界址点测量精度分析[J].现代测绘,2010,33(1):43-45.(ZHANG Renshou.Accuracy analysis on the surveying of cadastral boundary points[J].Modern Surveying and Mapping,2010,33(1):43-45.)
[9]吴贵才.数字地籍测量的精度研究[J].测绘科学,2011,36(5):184-185.(WU Guicai.Research on precision of digital cadastral survey[J].Science of Surveying and Mapping,2011,36(5):184-185.)
[10]樊德秋.地籍测量中界址点的精度影响因素与技术对策[J].科技与创新,2014(18):156.(FAN Deqiu.Accuracy cadastration boundary points factors and technical strategies[J].Science and Technology&Innovation,2014(18):156.)
[11]黄晓君.城镇地籍测量及精度分析[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古师范大学,2010.(HUANG Xiaojun.Cadastral surveying and its accuracy analysis of urban[D].Huhhot:Inner Mongolia Normal University,2010.)
[12]杜海平,詹长根.现代地籍理论与实践[M].深圳:海天出版社,1999.(DU Haiping,ZHAN Changgen.The theory and practice of modern cadastral survey[M].Shenzhen:HaiTian Press.1999.)
[13]武汉测绘科技大学测量学编写组.测量学[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,1991.(Surveying and Mapping Group of Wuhan University of Surveying and Mapping.Surveying.Wuhan:Wuhan University Press.1991.)
[14]国家测绘局.全球定位系统实时动态测量(RTK)技术规范:CH/T2009-2010[S].北京:[出版者不详],2010.(National Administration of Surveying.Specifications for global positioning system real-time kinematic(RTK)surveys:CH/T2009-2010[S].Beijing:[s.n.],2010.)
[15]中华人民共和国国土资源部.地籍调查规程:TD/T1001-2012[S].北京:[出版者不详],2012.(Ministry of Land and Resources of the People’s Republic of China.Regulations for Cadastral Survey:TD/T1001-2012[S].Beijing:[s.n.],2012.)