Y-La添加对镍基单晶高温合金界面反应及循环氧化行为的影响
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摘要
在第二代镍基单晶高温合金中复合添加Y-La,经定向凝固后得到5.26×10–4%(质量分数)Y+6.05×10–4%La和47.64×10–4%Y+69.09×10–4%La的两种Y-La含量合金铸件,研究Y-La对合金定向凝固过程中合金熔体与Al2O3基陶瓷间的界面反应行为以及合金在1100℃下循环氧化时抗氧化性能的影响。采用扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪和X射线衍射仪等研究合金熔体与陶瓷材料间的界面组织形貌及界面反应产物成分以及循环氧化后合金表面氧化物的组织形貌、元素组成和相关物相。结果表明:Y-La含量增加会促进合金熔体与陶瓷间的界面反应,使得界面反应层更厚,更复杂;反应产物主要是含Y、La的氧化物;Y-La添加明显提高了合金的抗氧化性能,减少合金表面氧化膜的剥落;但Y-La过量会恶化合金的抗氧化性能,加快合金的氧化增重速率;合金表面氧化膜剥落痕迹明显,孔洞较多且内氧化严重。
Y-La was added into the second generation of nickel base single crystal superalloy and two kinds of alloy castings with Y-La content of 5.26 × 10–4%(mass fraction,) Y + 6.05 × 10–4% La and 47.64 × 10–4% Y + 69.09 × 10–4% La were obtained after directional solidification. The effect of Y-La content on the interface reaction between alloy melts and Al2 O3 based ceramics during directional solidification was investigated. The effect of alloy content on oxidation resistance of alloy at 1100 o C under cyclic oxidation was studied. The microstructure at the interface between alloy and mould, as well as the surface cross-section and fracture morphologies of the specimens, was characterized by means of scanning electron microscope(SME) with an energy-dispersive spectroscopy attachment. The phases of the oxides were identified by X-ray diffraction. The results show that the increase of Y-La content promotes the interfacial reaction, which makes the reaction layer thicker and more complex. The main reaction products are oxides containing Y and La. The addition of Y-La obviously improves the oxidation resistance of the alloy and reduces the exfoliation of the oxide film on the surface of the alloy. However, excessive Y-La will deteriorate the oxidation resistance of the alloy, accelerate the oxidation weight gain rate of the alloy. And the oxide film of the alloy surface has obvious traces of exfoliation,more holes and serious internal oxidation.
Y-La was added into the second generation of nickel base single crystal superalloy and two kinds of alloy castings with Y-La content of 5.26 × 10–4%(mass fraction,) Y + 6.05 × 10–4% La and 47.64 × 10–4% Y + 69.09 × 10–4% La were obtained after directional solidification. The effect of Y-La content on the interface reaction between alloy melts and Al2 O3 based ceramics during directional solidification was investigated. The effect of alloy content on oxidation resistance of alloy at 1100 o C under cyclic oxidation was studied. The microstructure at the interface between alloy and mould, as well as the surface cross-section and fracture morphologies of the specimens, was characterized by means of scanning electron microscope(SME) with an energy-dispersive spectroscopy attachment. The phases of the oxides were identified by X-ray diffraction. The results show that the increase of Y-La content promotes the interfacial reaction, which makes the reaction layer thicker and more complex. The main reaction products are oxides containing Y and La. The addition of Y-La obviously improves the oxidation resistance of the alloy and reduces the exfoliation of the oxide film on the surface of the alloy. However, excessive Y-La will deteriorate the oxidation resistance of the alloy, accelerate the oxidation weight gain rate of the alloy. And the oxide film of the alloy surface has obvious traces of exfoliation,more holes and serious internal oxidation.
引文
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[24]CHEN X Y,ZHOU Y Z,JIN T,et al.Effect of C and Hf contents on the interface reactions and wettability between a Ni3Al-based superalloy and ceramic mould material[J].Journal of Materials Science&Technology,2016,32(2):177-181.
[2]DAS D K.Microstructure and high temperature oxidation behavior of Pt-modified aluminide bond coats on Nibase superalloys[J].Progress in Materials Science,2013,58(2):151-182.
[3]YEH A C,KAWAGISHI K,HARADA H,et al.Development of Si-bearing 4th generation Ni-base singlecrystal superalloys[C]∥Superalloys 2008.Champion,Pennsylvania:TMS(The Minerals,Metals&Materials Society)2008:619-628.
[4]王建明,杨舒宇.镍基铸造高温合金[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2014.(WANG J M,YANG S Y.Cast nickel-based superalloys[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2014.)
[5]EZUGWU E O,WANG Z M,MACHADO A R.The machinability of nickel-based alloys:a review[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,1999,86(1/2/3):1-16.
[6]乔海燕,任学冬,史亦韦,等.GH4169高温合金涡轮盘表面径轴向裂纹的渗透检测可行性[J].航空材料学报,2016,36(6):92-96.(QIAO H Y,REN X D,SHI Y W,et al.Feasibility of penetrant testing on surface axial-radial cracks of GH4169 super alloy turbine disk[J].Journal of Aeronautical Materials,2016,36(6):92-96.)
[7]SUN X F,JIN T,ZHOUY Z,et al.Research progress of nickel-base single crystal superalloys[J].Materials China,2012,31(12):1-11.
[8]杜洪强,田素贵,于兴福,等.NiCoCrAlYSi涂层对镍基单晶合金高温氧化特性的影响[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2008,37(9):1555-1559.(DU H Q,TIAN S G,YU X F,et al.Influences of NiCoCrAlYSi coating on high temperature oxidation characteristic of single crystal nickel-base superalloy[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2008,37(9):1555-1559.)
[9]HAYNES J A,UNOCIC K A,PINT B A.Effect of water vapor on the 1100°C oxidation behavior of plasmasprayed TBCs with HVOF NiCoCrAlX bond coatings[J].Surface&Coatings Technology,2013,215(1):39-45.
[10]WANG D,PENG H,GONG S,et al.NiAlHf/Ru:promising bond coat materials in thermal barrier coatings for advanced single crystal superalloys[J].Corrosion Science,2014,78(1):304-312.
[11]ZHOU P J,YU J J,SUN X F,et al.Role of yttrium in the microstructure and mechanical properties of a boronmodified nickel-based superalloy[J].Scripta Materialia,2007,57(7):643-646.
[12]ZHOU P J,YU JJ,SUN X F,et al.Roles of Zr and Y in cast microstructure of M951 nickel-based superalloy[J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2012,7(7):1594-1598.
[13]WANG R M,SONG Y G,HAN Y F.Effect of rare earth on the microstructures and properties of a low expansion superalloy[J].Micron,2002,33(6):575-580.
[14]肖旋,徐乐,秦学智,等.稀土元素Y和Ce对定向凝固镍基高温合金高温氧化行为的影响[J].中国有色金属学报,2014(11):2769-2776.(XIAO X,XU L,QIN X Z,et al.Effect of elements Yand Ce on high temperature oxidation behavior of directionally-solidified Ni-based superalloy[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2014(11):2769-2776.)
[15]SHI Z X,LIU S,HAN M,et al.Influence of yttrium addition on high temperature oxidation resistance of single crystal superalloy[J].Journal of Rare Earths,2013,31(8):795-799.
[16]陈石富,马惠萍,鞠泉,等.稀土元素La对GH230合金1000°C抗氧化性能的影响[J].钢铁研究学报,2009(11):45-50.(CHEN S F,MA H P,JU Q,et al.Effect of rare earthelement lanthanum on oxidation behavior of GH230 at1000°C in air[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2009(11):45-50.)
[17]SARIOGLU S,BLACHERE J R,PETTIT F S,et al.The effects of reactive element additions,sulfur removal,and specimen thickness on the oxidation behaviour of alumina-forming Ni-and Fe-base alloys[J].Materials Science Forum,1997(251):405-412.
[18]GUO H,LI D,ZHENG L,et al.Effect of co-doping of two reactive elements on alumina scale growth ofβ-NiAl at 1200°C[J].Corrosion Science,2014,88(11):197-208.
[19]UNOCIC K A,PINT B A.Oxidation behavior of codoped NiCrAl alloys in dry and wet air[J].Surface&Coatings Technology,2013(237):8-15.
[20]YU P,WANG W,WANG F H.Influence of cyclic frequency on oxidation behavior of K38 superalloy with yttrium additions at 1273 K[J].Journal of Rare Earths,2011,29(2):119-123.
[21]SONG X,WANG L,LIU Y.Effects of temperature and rare earth content on oxidation resistance of Ni-based superalloy[J].Progress in Natural Science:Materials International,2011,21(3):227-235.
[22]陈晓燕,肖旅,余建波,等.熔模铸造高温合金与陶瓷材料界面反应研究进展[J].特种铸造及有色合金,2016(8):844-848.(CHEN X Y,XIAO X,YU J B,et al.Research status of the interface reactions between superalloys and ceramic materials investment casting[J].Special-cast and Nonferrous Alloys,2016(8):844-848.)
[23]WANG L L,LI J R,TANG D Z,et al.Effect of directional solidification condition on interfacial reaction between DD6 single crystal superalloy and zirconia-silica ceramic core[J].Advanced Materials Research,2014,926/927/928/929/930:72-76.
[24]CHEN X Y,ZHOU Y Z,JIN T,et al.Effect of C and Hf contents on the interface reactions and wettability between a Ni3Al-based superalloy and ceramic mould material[J].Journal of Materials Science&Technology,2016,32(2):177-181.