钢筋混凝土T梁桥在爆炸载荷下的损伤研究
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摘要
通过制作钢筋混凝土T梁桥缩尺模型,将压电智能骨料内置于钢筋混凝土T梁桥面板中.在桥面施加多次爆炸荷载,采用压电主动传感技术获得每次爆炸试验后的压电能量值,经过小波信号分析得到与混凝土材料损伤程度所对应的损伤指数.试验结果表明,该方法可以很好地监控钢筋混凝土桥梁内部的损伤发展情况,而所得损伤指数的变化可以用来评估T梁桥的破坏状态.结合LS/DYNA数值模拟软件对T梁桥在爆炸载荷下的破坏模式做进一步研究.数值计算的结果进一步验证了损伤指数的有效性,并发现钢筋混凝土T梁桥在爆炸载荷下主要产生纵向裂纹,可以合理增加箍筋的配筋率以减少其纵向裂纹的产生,提高钢筋混凝土T梁桥的抗爆性能.
A reduced scale reinforced concrete T-type beam bridge has been built embedded with piezoceramic smart aggregates(SAs). The blasting loads are applied to the deck; and the active sensing approach is used to obtain the wave energy after every loading; while the wavelet analysis method is applied to get the damage index corresponding to the damage level of the concrete material. The experiment results show that the approach can effectively detect the damage development in the concrete of the bridge; and the damage index can evaluate the damage situation of the T-beam bridge. Furthermore, LS/DYNA is used to simulate the destruction mode of the T-beam bridge under blasting loads. The results of the simulation confirm the effectiveness of the damage index; there are much more cracks extend in the longitudinal direction of the RC T-beam bridge, which means the reinforcement ratio of stirrups should be reasonably increased to reduce the development of longitudinal cracks and improve the capacity of explosion resistance of the RC T-beam bridge.
A reduced scale reinforced concrete T-type beam bridge has been built embedded with piezoceramic smart aggregates(SAs). The blasting loads are applied to the deck; and the active sensing approach is used to obtain the wave energy after every loading; while the wavelet analysis method is applied to get the damage index corresponding to the damage level of the concrete material. The experiment results show that the approach can effectively detect the damage development in the concrete of the bridge; and the damage index can evaluate the damage situation of the T-beam bridge. Furthermore, LS/DYNA is used to simulate the destruction mode of the T-beam bridge under blasting loads. The results of the simulation confirm the effectiveness of the damage index; there are much more cracks extend in the longitudinal direction of the RC T-beam bridge, which means the reinforcement ratio of stirrups should be reasonably increased to reduce the development of longitudinal cracks and improve the capacity of explosion resistance of the RC T-beam bridge.
引文
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[2] Mishra K B.Multiple BLEVE's and fireballs of gas bottles:Case of a Russian road carrier accident[J].Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries,2016,41:60-67.
[3] 朱劲松,邢扬.爆炸荷载作用下城市桥梁动态响应及其损伤过程分析[J].天津大学学报(自然科学与工程技术版),2015,48(6):510-519.Zhu Jingsong,Xing Yang.Dynamic response and damage process analysis of urban bridge subjected to blast load[J].Journal of Tianjin University(Natural Science and Engineering Technology Edition),2015,48(6):510-519.
[4] 高翔,梁栋,陈璐.简支T梁在爆炸冲击下的损伤研究[J].青岛理工大学学报,2016,37(5):26-31.Gao Xiang,Liang Dong,Chen Lu.Analysis of simply supported T-beam damage under explosion load[J].Journal of Qingdao Technological University,2016,37(5):26-31.
[5] 杨喻淇,曾祥国,韩荣辉,等.爆炸荷载作用桥梁动力响应及损伤的数值模拟[J].四川建筑科学研究,2012,38(5):19-23.Yang Yuqi,Zeng Xiangguo,Han Ronghui,et al.The numerical simulation of dynamic response and damage of bridge under blast loading[J].Sichuan Building Science Research,2012,38(5):19-23.
[6] 彭胜.爆炸冲击荷载作用下混凝土T梁桥动态响应分析[D].武汉:武汉科技大学,2016.Peng Sheng.Dynamic response analysis of concrete T-beam bridge under blast loading[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University of Science and Technology,2016.
[7] 蔡路军,杜刚,高琴,等.爆破冲击荷载下混凝土T梁桥实验[J].工程爆破,2018,24(1):8-12,19.Cai Lujun,Du Gang,Gao Qin,et al.Experiments of concrete T-beam bridge under blasting load[J].Engineering Blasting,2018,24(1):8-12,19.
[8] Song G,Gu H,Mo Y L,et al.Concrete structural health monitoring using embedded piezoceramic transducers [J].Smart Material Structure,2007,16(4):959-968.
[9] Song G,Qiao P Z,Binienda W K,et al.Active vibration damping of composite beam using smart sensors and actuators[J].Journal of Aerospace Engineering,2002,15(3):97-103.
[10] Gaudenzi P,Nardi D,Chiappetta I,et al.Sparse sensing detection of impact-induced delaminations in composite laminates[J].Composite Structures,2015,133:1209-1219.
[11] Qi B,Kong Q,Qian H,et al.Study of impact damage in PVA-ECC beam under low-velocity impact loading using piezoceramic transducers and PVDF thin-film transducers[J].Sensors,2018,18(2):671.
[12] Liao W I,Wang J X,Song G,et al.Structural health monitoring of concrete columns subjected to seismic excitations using piezoceramic-based sensors[J].Smart Materials and Structures,2011,20(12):125015.
[13] 孙威,阎石,焦莉,等.基于压电波动法的混凝土裂缝损伤监测技术[J].工程力学,2013,30(B06):206-211.Sun Wei,Yan Shi,Jiao Li,et al.Monitoring technology for crack damage of concrete structure based on piezoelectric wave method[J].Engineering Mechanics,2013,30(B06):206-211.
[14] 孙威,阎石,蒙彦宇,等.基于压电波动法的混凝土裂缝损伤主动被动监测对比试验[J].沈阳建筑大学学报(自然科学版),2012,28(2):193-199.Sun Wei,Yan Shi,Meng Yanyu,et al.Contrast tests for the active and passive monitoring technologies of concrete crack based on piezoelectric wave method[J].Journal of Shenyang Jianzhu University(Natural Science Edition),2012,28(2):193-199.
[15] 蒙彦宇,阎石,孙威,等.压电混凝土梁主动健康监测试验[J].沈阳建筑大学学报(自然科学版),2011,27(2):253-259.Meng Yanyu,Yan Shi,Sun Wei,et al.Experimental research on active health monitoring of PZT concrete beam[J].Journal of Shenyang Jianzhu University(Natural Science Edition),2011,27(2):253-259.