基于扎根理论的畜禽养殖废弃物循环利用分析:农户行为与政策干预路径
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摘要
畜禽养殖废弃物循环利用是新时期我国实施乡村振兴战略的重要任务,是我国畜禽养殖业可持续发展的必然选择。运用扎根理论研究方法探讨畜禽养殖废弃物循环利用农户行为及政策干预路径,结果发现,循环利用意识、循环利用成本收益、社会参照三个主范畴是农户畜禽养殖废弃物循环利用行为的主要影响因素。但它们对农户畜禽养殖废弃物循环利用行为的影响方式和影响路径并不一致,循环利用意识是影响农户畜禽养殖废弃物循环利用行为的内因和诱发性因素;循环利用成本收益是影响农户畜禽养殖废弃物循环利用行为的内部情境因素;社会参照则通过对循环利用意识和循环利用成本收益产生影响,进而影响农户畜禽养殖废弃物循环利用行为。知识传播和制度技术两个主范畴是畜禽养殖废弃物循环利用的干预政策,且这两类干预政策是相互补充和相互配合的。通过知识传播影响循环利用意识和社会参照,通过制度技术影响循环利用成本收益是畜禽养殖废弃物循环利用的主要政策干预路径。
The cyclic utilization of the waste in livestock breeding is not only an important task of China to carry out the rural vitalization strategy in the new era but also the inevitable choice for the sustainable development of China's livestock breeding industry. This paper tries to explore the farmers' behavior and policy intervention paths in the cyclic utilization of waste in livestock breeding with the grounded theory. The results show that the three major categories, i.e., the sense of cyclic utilization, the cost and benefit of cyclic utilization and social reference criterion, are the major factors affecting farmers' behavior in the cyclic utilization of livestock waste. However, the ways and paths of their impacts on the farmers' behaviors are different. The sense of cyclic utilization is the internal cause and the inducing factor affecting the farmers' behavior in the cyclic utilization of livestock waste; the cost and benefit of cyclic utilization is the internal situational factor affecting the farmers' behavior; while the social reference criterion would affect farmers' livestock waste recycling behavior by influencing the sense of cyclic utilization, as well as the cost and benefit of cyclic utilization. The two major categories, i.e., knowledge communication and institutional technology, are the policy intervention paths of livestock waste recycling, and these two intervention policies are mutual complementing and interacting. To affect the sense of cyclic utilization and the social reference through knowledge communications and to affect the cost and benefit of cyclic utilization through institutional technology are the major policy intervention paths for the livestock waste recycling.
The cyclic utilization of the waste in livestock breeding is not only an important task of China to carry out the rural vitalization strategy in the new era but also the inevitable choice for the sustainable development of China's livestock breeding industry. This paper tries to explore the farmers' behavior and policy intervention paths in the cyclic utilization of waste in livestock breeding with the grounded theory. The results show that the three major categories, i.e., the sense of cyclic utilization, the cost and benefit of cyclic utilization and social reference criterion, are the major factors affecting farmers' behavior in the cyclic utilization of livestock waste. However, the ways and paths of their impacts on the farmers' behaviors are different. The sense of cyclic utilization is the internal cause and the inducing factor affecting the farmers' behavior in the cyclic utilization of livestock waste; the cost and benefit of cyclic utilization is the internal situational factor affecting the farmers' behavior; while the social reference criterion would affect farmers' livestock waste recycling behavior by influencing the sense of cyclic utilization, as well as the cost and benefit of cyclic utilization. The two major categories, i.e., knowledge communication and institutional technology, are the policy intervention paths of livestock waste recycling, and these two intervention policies are mutual complementing and interacting. To affect the sense of cyclic utilization and the social reference through knowledge communications and to affect the cost and benefit of cyclic utilization through institutional technology are the major policy intervention paths for the livestock waste recycling.
引文
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[16]蔡亚庆,仇焕广,王金霞.我国农村户用沼气使用效率及其影响因素研究——基于全国五省调研的实证分析[J].中国软科学,2012,(8):58-64.
[17]何可,张俊飚,张露.人际信任、制度信任与农民环境治理参与意愿——以农业废弃物资源化为例[J].管理世界,2015,(5):75-88.
[18]张方圆,赵雪雁,田亚彪.社会资本对农户生态补偿参与意愿的影响——以甘肃省张掖市、甘南藏族自治州、临夏回族自治州为例[J].资源科学,2013,(9):1821-1827.
[19]徐建中,曲小瑜.基于扎根理论的装备制造企业环境技术创新行为驱动因素的质化研究[J].管理评论,2014,(10):90-101.
[20]潘丹.基于农户偏好的牲畜粪便污染治理政策选择:以生猪养殖为例[J].中国农村观察,2016,(2):1-14.
[2]何可,张俊飚.农民对资源性农业废弃物循环利用的价值感知及其影响因素[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2014,(10):150-156.
[3]Bellarby J.,Surridge B.,Haygarth P..Inefficiency and Environmental Risks Associated with Nutrient Use in Agriculture Within China and the UK[R].UK-China Sustainable Agricultural Innovation Network(SAIN),2015,Working Paper.
[4]潘丹,孔凡斌.养殖户环境友好型畜禽粪便处理方式选择行为分析——以生猪养殖为例[J].中国农村经济,2015,(9):17-29.
[5]张郁,齐振宏,孟祥海,等.生态补偿政策情境下家庭资源禀赋对养猪户环境行为影响——基于湖北省248个专业养殖户(场)的调查研究[J].农业经济问题,2015,(6):82-91.
[6]左志平,齐振宏,邬兰娅.碳税补贴视角下规模养猪户低碳养殖行为决策分析[J].中国农业大学学报,2016,(2):150-159.
[7]冯淑怡,罗小娟,张丽军.养殖企业畜禽粪尿处理方式选择、影响因素与适用政策工具分析——以太湖流域上游为例[J].华中农业大学学报(社会科学版),2013,(1):12-18.
[8]Baumgart-Getz A.,Prokopy L.S.,Floress K..Why Farmers Adopt Best Management Practice in the United States:a Meta-Analysis of the Adoption Literature[J].Journal of Environmental Management.2012,96(1):17-25.
[9]张董敏,齐振宏,李欣蕊.农户两型农业认知对行为响应的作用机制——基于TPB和多群组SEM的实证研究[J].资源科学,2015,(7):1482-1490.
[10]Steg L.,Vlek C..Encouraging pro-Environmental Behaviour:an Integrative Review and Research Agenda[J].Journal of Environmental Psychology.2009,29(3):309-317.
[11]Pan D..The Design of Policy Instruments Towards Sustainable Livestock Production in China:An Application of the Choice Experiment Method[J].Sustainability,2016,8(7):611.
[12]王建明,王俊豪.公众低碳消费模式的影响因素模型与政府管制政策——基于扎根理论的一个探索性研究[J].管理世界,2011,(4):58-68.
[13]Wossink G.A.A.,Wenum J.H.V..Biodiversity Conservation by Farmers:Analysis of Actual and Contingent Participation[J].European Review of Agricultural Economics.2010,30(4):461-485.
[14]Prokopy L.S.,Floress K,Klotthor-Weinkauf D..Determinants of Agricultural Best Management Practice Adoption:Evidence From the Literature[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation.2008,63(5):300-311.
[15]王常伟,顾海英.农户环境认知、行为决策及其一致性检验——基于江苏农户调查的实证分析[J].长江流域资源与环境,2012,(10):1204-1208.
[16]蔡亚庆,仇焕广,王金霞.我国农村户用沼气使用效率及其影响因素研究——基于全国五省调研的实证分析[J].中国软科学,2012,(8):58-64.
[17]何可,张俊飚,张露.人际信任、制度信任与农民环境治理参与意愿——以农业废弃物资源化为例[J].管理世界,2015,(5):75-88.
[18]张方圆,赵雪雁,田亚彪.社会资本对农户生态补偿参与意愿的影响——以甘肃省张掖市、甘南藏族自治州、临夏回族自治州为例[J].资源科学,2013,(9):1821-1827.
[19]徐建中,曲小瑜.基于扎根理论的装备制造企业环境技术创新行为驱动因素的质化研究[J].管理评论,2014,(10):90-101.
[20]潘丹.基于农户偏好的牲畜粪便污染治理政策选择:以生猪养殖为例[J].中国农村观察,2016,(2):1-14.