推进畜禽养殖废弃物资源化 促进生态农业发展
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摘要
近年来,我国畜禽养殖业由传统散养模式转向规模化、集约化模式,养殖业迅速发展的同时也伴随着畜禽废弃物产生量的快速增加,尤其是畜禽粪便。畜禽废弃物不仅影响了畜禽养殖环境和人类生活环境,而且造成了资源的严重浪费,阻碍了农业的可持续发展。概述了畜禽养殖废弃物的现状、畜禽养殖废弃物对环境的影响以及畜禽养殖废弃物资源化利用现状,在此基础上,提出推进畜禽养殖废弃物资源化利用的对策建议。有效地对畜禽养殖废弃物进行资源化利用、积极引导养殖场户实行种养结合模式、将生态养殖融入到生态文明建设中,对实现生态农业可持续发展具有重要意义。
In recent years, China's livestock and poultry breeding industry has shifted from the traditional free-range model to the large-scale and intensive model. The rapid development of the breeding industry is accompanied by a rapid increase in the amount of livestock and poultry farming waste, especially livestock manure. Livestock and poultry waste not only affects the livestock and poultry breeding environment and human living environment, but also causes serious waste of resources and hinders the sustainable development of agriculture. This paper outlines the current status of livestock and poultry farming waste, the impact of livestock and poultry farming waste on the environment, and the current status of resource utilization of livestock and poultry farming waste. Based on this, it is proposed to promote the countermeasures for promoting the resource utilization of livestock and poultry waste. Effectively utilizing resources for livestock and poultry farming, actively guiding farmers to implement a model of breeding combination, and integrating ecological farming into the construction of ecological civilization, it is of great significance to realize the sustainable development of ecological agriculture.
In recent years, China's livestock and poultry breeding industry has shifted from the traditional free-range model to the large-scale and intensive model. The rapid development of the breeding industry is accompanied by a rapid increase in the amount of livestock and poultry farming waste, especially livestock manure. Livestock and poultry waste not only affects the livestock and poultry breeding environment and human living environment, but also causes serious waste of resources and hinders the sustainable development of agriculture. This paper outlines the current status of livestock and poultry farming waste, the impact of livestock and poultry farming waste on the environment, and the current status of resource utilization of livestock and poultry farming waste. Based on this, it is proposed to promote the countermeasures for promoting the resource utilization of livestock and poultry waste. Effectively utilizing resources for livestock and poultry farming, actively guiding farmers to implement a model of breeding combination, and integrating ecological farming into the construction of ecological civilization, it is of great significance to realize the sustainable development of ecological agriculture.
引文
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[14]秦翠兰,王磊元,刘飞,等.畜禽粪便生物质资源利用的现状与展望[J].农机化研究,2015(6):236-237.
[15]孙剑利.农村畜禽养殖污染物综合利用技术初探[J].畜禽业,2017(6):53.
[16]李宁,宋伟红,闫凤超,等.关于畜禽粪污资源化利用模式的探讨及对策思考[J].现代农业,2018(7):62-63.
[17]田允波.规模化养猪生产的环境污染及防治[J].中国畜牧兽医,2006,33(5):3-6.
[18]RYSCHAWY J,DISENHAUS C,BERTRAND S,et al.Assessing multiple goods and services derived from livestock farming on a nation-wide gradient[J].Animal,2017,11:1861-1872.
[19]赵虎,张志强.改善生态环境建设推进生态农业建设[J].资源环境,2017,34(19):158.
[2]李如治.家畜环境卫生学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2003.
[3]刘玉莹,范静.我国畜禽养殖环境污染现状、成因分析及其防治对策[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2017(8):19-21.
[4]王晓航,陈颖,孙大昭.哈尔滨市畜禽养殖废弃物治理的调查及对策研究[J].国土与自然资源研究,2015(4):62-66.
[5]李文哲,徐名汉,李晶宇.畜禽养殖废弃物资源化利用技术发展分析[J].农业机械学报,2013(5):135-141.
[6]王艳,祝凤英.浅谈新平县畜禽养殖污染问题及其对策[J].中国畜牧兽医,2018,34(3):60.
[7]李静,李岩.畜禽龙头企业废弃物处理与农业可持续发展的关系探讨[J].安徽农学通报,2010,16(23):126-128.
[8]郭冬生,彭小兰,夏维福.反刍动物瘤胃甲烷合成与营养调控[J].广东农业科学,2010(12):114-115.
[9]郭冬生,彭小兰,夏维福.畜禽粪便污染与治理利用方法研究进展[J].浙江农业学报,2012,24(6):1164-1170.
[10]濮存全.规模畜禽养殖场粪污危害和治理[J].当代畜牧,2005(8):64-65.
[11]廖青,韦广泼,江泽普,等.畜禽粪便资源化利用研究进展[J].南方农业学报,2013,44(2):338-343.
[12]吴荷群,樊洪涛,陈文武.规模化畜禽养殖场废弃物污染现状及防治对策[J].现代农业科技,2011(6):282,286.
[13]朱国安,张树旺,田院平,等.蛋鸡粪便的无害化资源化处理技术[J].贵州畜牧兽医,2010,3(6):4-6.
[14]秦翠兰,王磊元,刘飞,等.畜禽粪便生物质资源利用的现状与展望[J].农机化研究,2015(6):236-237.
[15]孙剑利.农村畜禽养殖污染物综合利用技术初探[J].畜禽业,2017(6):53.
[16]李宁,宋伟红,闫凤超,等.关于畜禽粪污资源化利用模式的探讨及对策思考[J].现代农业,2018(7):62-63.
[17]田允波.规模化养猪生产的环境污染及防治[J].中国畜牧兽医,2006,33(5):3-6.
[18]RYSCHAWY J,DISENHAUS C,BERTRAND S,et al.Assessing multiple goods and services derived from livestock farming on a nation-wide gradient[J].Animal,2017,11:1861-1872.
[19]赵虎,张志强.改善生态环境建设推进生态农业建设[J].资源环境,2017,34(19):158.