不同波涌畦灌对冬小麦茎秆抗倒伏能力的影响
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摘要
【目的】研究不同波涌灌溉处理对冬小麦茎秆抗倒伏能力的影响。【方法】采用4种不同的畦灌方式(普通连续畦灌、波涌畦灌、交替间隔波涌畦灌和固定间隔波涌畦灌),研究了不同波涌畦灌处理对冬小麦重心高度、鲜质量、茎秆抗折力、弯曲弹性模量和抗倒伏指数的影响。【结果】不同波涌畦灌处理均能降低重心高度、增加产量;交替间隔波涌畦灌的抗倒伏指数沿长度方向逐渐增大,且在灌浆期茎秆抗倒伏能力较强。【结论】统筹产量和抗倒伏能力,冬小麦长畦灌溉以交替间隔波涌畦灌为宜。
【Objective】Illustrate stalk lodging resistance mechanisms in the late growth stage of winter wheat.【Method】4 kinds of border irrigation(continuous border irrigation, surge flow border irrigation, alternating interval surge flow border irrigation and fixed interval surge flow border irrigation) were conducted to study the effect of different surge flow border irrigation on center of gravity height, fresh mass, stalk physical strength, bending elastic modulus and lodging resistance index of winter wheat.【Result】Different surge flow border irrigation treatments significantly reduced the gravity center height and improved the grain yield. The lodging resistance index with alternating interval surge flow border irrigation was bigger in the milky stage and gradually increased along the length direction.【Conclusion】Overall the grain yield and lodging resistance, alternating interval surge flow border irrigation is appropriate for long furrow irrigation.
【Objective】Illustrate stalk lodging resistance mechanisms in the late growth stage of winter wheat.【Method】4 kinds of border irrigation(continuous border irrigation, surge flow border irrigation, alternating interval surge flow border irrigation and fixed interval surge flow border irrigation) were conducted to study the effect of different surge flow border irrigation on center of gravity height, fresh mass, stalk physical strength, bending elastic modulus and lodging resistance index of winter wheat.【Result】Different surge flow border irrigation treatments significantly reduced the gravity center height and improved the grain yield. The lodging resistance index with alternating interval surge flow border irrigation was bigger in the milky stage and gradually increased along the length direction.【Conclusion】Overall the grain yield and lodging resistance, alternating interval surge flow border irrigation is appropriate for long furrow irrigation.
引文
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[2]刘星星.非充分灌溉条件下波涌沟灌与喷灌的节水效果研究[D].太谷:山西农业大学,2014.
[3]丁安川.新疆波涌畦灌与沟灌试验研究[D].西安:西安理工大学,2006.
[4]王利环,高昌珍.波涌灌溉研究发展动态[J].科技情报开发与经济,2007,3(17):158-159.
[5]WANG Wenyan,LUO Wan,WANG Zhirong.Surge flow irrigation with sediment-laden water in northwestern China[J].Agricultural Water Management,2005,75(1):1-9.
[6]孙秀路.施肥条件下波涌灌溉田间水氮分布特性研究[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2015.
[7]傅渝亮,费良军,聂卫波,等.波涌灌间歇入渗饱和-非饱和土壤水分运动数值模拟及试验[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(2):66-71.
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[11]刘仲秋,郎坤,刘泉汝,等.宽幅精播和灌溉对冬小麦灌浆末期茎秆倒伏的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2013,32(6):116-117.
[12]李波,魏亚凤,汪波,等.水稻秸秆还田和耕作方式对小麦抗倒伏能力的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2013,33(4):758-764.
[13]樊高琼,李金刚,王秀芳,等.氮肥和种植密度对带状种植小麦抗倒能力的影响及边际效应[J].作物学报,2012,38(7):1 307-1 317.
[14]刘丽平,欧阳竹.灌溉模式对不同群体小麦茎秆特征和倒伏指数的影响[J].华北农学报,2011,26(6):174-180.
[15]王勇,李晴祺.小麦品种抗倒性评价方法的研究[J].华北农学报,1995,10(3):84-88.
[16]KONG E,LIU D,GUO X,et al.Anatomical and chemical characteristics associated with lodging resistance in wheat[J].The Crop Journal,2013,1(1):43-49.
[17]刘馨惠,卞城月,马长健,等.玉米秸秆覆盖下宽幅精播冬小麦产量损失补偿效应及水分利用效率[J].排灌机械工程学报,2015,33(9):811-816.
[18]朱新开,王祥菊,郭凯泉,等.小麦倒伏的茎秆特征及对产量与品质的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2006,26(1):87-92.
[19]赵多佳.小麦生长期力学性能的研究[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2008.
[20]李红波.小麦茎秆力学特性实验的研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2005.
[21]HORST M G,SHAMUTALOV S S,GONCALVES J M,et al.Assessing impacts of surge-flow irrigation on water saving and productivity of cotton[J].Agricultural water management,2007,87(2):115-127.
[22]彭世彰,朱成立.作物节水灌溉需水规律研究[J].灌溉制度,2003(2):5-8.
[23]吴忠东,王全九.波涌灌溉的水流推进规律研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2006,25(1):42-44.
[24]ISMAIL S M,DEPEWEG H,SCHULTZ B.Surge flow irrigation under short field conditions in Egypt[J].Irrigation and drainage,2004,53(4):461-475.
[25]孙晓琴,吴强,鞠茜茜,等.低压管灌下波涌畦灌灌水质量评价[J].灌溉排水学报,2016,35(6):54-58.
[2]刘星星.非充分灌溉条件下波涌沟灌与喷灌的节水效果研究[D].太谷:山西农业大学,2014.
[3]丁安川.新疆波涌畦灌与沟灌试验研究[D].西安:西安理工大学,2006.
[4]王利环,高昌珍.波涌灌溉研究发展动态[J].科技情报开发与经济,2007,3(17):158-159.
[5]WANG Wenyan,LUO Wan,WANG Zhirong.Surge flow irrigation with sediment-laden water in northwestern China[J].Agricultural Water Management,2005,75(1):1-9.
[6]孙秀路.施肥条件下波涌灌溉田间水氮分布特性研究[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2015.
[7]傅渝亮,费良军,聂卫波,等.波涌灌间歇入渗饱和-非饱和土壤水分运动数值模拟及试验[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(2):66-71.
[8]BERRY P M,STERLING M,BAKER C J,et al.A calibrated model of wheat lodging compared with field measurements[J].Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,2003,119(3):167-180.
[9]张志强,付晶,王奉芝,等.小麦抗倒性研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2013,41(5):2 020-2 022.
[10]TRIPATHI S C,SAYRE K D,KAUL J N,et al.Growth and morphology of spring wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)culms and their association with lodging:effects of genotypes,N levels and ethephon[J].Field Crops Research,2003,84(3):271-290.
[11]刘仲秋,郎坤,刘泉汝,等.宽幅精播和灌溉对冬小麦灌浆末期茎秆倒伏的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2013,32(6):116-117.
[12]李波,魏亚凤,汪波,等.水稻秸秆还田和耕作方式对小麦抗倒伏能力的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2013,33(4):758-764.
[13]樊高琼,李金刚,王秀芳,等.氮肥和种植密度对带状种植小麦抗倒能力的影响及边际效应[J].作物学报,2012,38(7):1 307-1 317.
[14]刘丽平,欧阳竹.灌溉模式对不同群体小麦茎秆特征和倒伏指数的影响[J].华北农学报,2011,26(6):174-180.
[15]王勇,李晴祺.小麦品种抗倒性评价方法的研究[J].华北农学报,1995,10(3):84-88.
[16]KONG E,LIU D,GUO X,et al.Anatomical and chemical characteristics associated with lodging resistance in wheat[J].The Crop Journal,2013,1(1):43-49.
[17]刘馨惠,卞城月,马长健,等.玉米秸秆覆盖下宽幅精播冬小麦产量损失补偿效应及水分利用效率[J].排灌机械工程学报,2015,33(9):811-816.
[18]朱新开,王祥菊,郭凯泉,等.小麦倒伏的茎秆特征及对产量与品质的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2006,26(1):87-92.
[19]赵多佳.小麦生长期力学性能的研究[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2008.
[20]李红波.小麦茎秆力学特性实验的研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2005.
[21]HORST M G,SHAMUTALOV S S,GONCALVES J M,et al.Assessing impacts of surge-flow irrigation on water saving and productivity of cotton[J].Agricultural water management,2007,87(2):115-127.
[22]彭世彰,朱成立.作物节水灌溉需水规律研究[J].灌溉制度,2003(2):5-8.
[23]吴忠东,王全九.波涌灌溉的水流推进规律研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2006,25(1):42-44.
[24]ISMAIL S M,DEPEWEG H,SCHULTZ B.Surge flow irrigation under short field conditions in Egypt[J].Irrigation and drainage,2004,53(4):461-475.
[25]孙晓琴,吴强,鞠茜茜,等.低压管灌下波涌畦灌灌水质量评价[J].灌溉排水学报,2016,35(6):54-58.