药肥混用对烟草病害防控及生长、品质产量的影响
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摘要
[目的]探讨甲霜·锰锌和中生菌素与烟草专用肥混合施用对烟草的应用效果。[方法]调查田间烟草病害的发生和农艺性状以及测定其产量品质。[结果]药肥混用可有效降低和推迟烟草黑胫病和青枯病的发生,增强烟株长势,提高产量和改善品质。其中较好的药肥混用方式为40%作基肥、60%作追肥,施用量为50 kg/667m~2,药后60、90 d对黑胫病和青枯病的防效分别达95.65%和69.53%,63.24%和85.32%,产量提高11.99%。[结论]生产上建议药肥混用且提高追肥的施用比例。
[Aims] The study aims to investigate the effects of the mixed application of metalaxyl manganese zinc,endophyte and special fertilizer on tobacco. [Methods] The disease resistance, agronomic traits and main chemical compositions were analysised under field condition through random block design. [Results] The results showed that mixed application of pesticide-fertilizer could effectively reduce and delay the occurrence rate of black shank and bacterial wilt, promote tobacco plants growth and improve the yield and quality of tobacco leaves. Among them, the dosage of pesticide-fertilizer was 50 kg/667m~2(40% as base fertilizer, 60% as top application). The mixed application of pesticide-fertilizer had better control effect of 95.65 and 69.53%, 63.24 and 85.32% on black shank and bacterial wilt of tobacco for 60 and 90 d later, respectively. In addition, it could increase the output of tobacco leaves by 11.99%.[Conclusions] It was suggested that pesticides and fertilizer should be mixed application and increase the proportion of top dressing.
[Aims] The study aims to investigate the effects of the mixed application of metalaxyl manganese zinc,endophyte and special fertilizer on tobacco. [Methods] The disease resistance, agronomic traits and main chemical compositions were analysised under field condition through random block design. [Results] The results showed that mixed application of pesticide-fertilizer could effectively reduce and delay the occurrence rate of black shank and bacterial wilt, promote tobacco plants growth and improve the yield and quality of tobacco leaves. Among them, the dosage of pesticide-fertilizer was 50 kg/667m~2(40% as base fertilizer, 60% as top application). The mixed application of pesticide-fertilizer had better control effect of 95.65 and 69.53%, 63.24 and 85.32% on black shank and bacterial wilt of tobacco for 60 and 90 d later, respectively. In addition, it could increase the output of tobacco leaves by 11.99%.[Conclusions] It was suggested that pesticides and fertilizer should be mixed application and increase the proportion of top dressing.
引文
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[7]吴传万,杜小凤,顾大路,等.植物源药肥对温室黄瓜生长发育和土壤环境的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2014,30(1):92-99.
[8]胡庆发,马军伟,符建荣,等.多功能药肥对茄子黄萎病的防治效果及茄子产量品质的影响[J].浙江农业学报,2013,25(2):315-318.
[9]赖多,康向辉,邵雪花,等.印楝渣生物药肥对香蕉生长和香蕉枯萎病的影响[J].华南农业大学学报,2017,38(4):30-36.
[10]匡石滋,李春雨,田世尧,等.药肥两用生物有机肥对香蕉枯萎病的防治及其机理初探[J].中国生物防治学报,2013,29(3):417-423.
[11]王瑞新,闫克玉,韩锦峰,等.烟草化学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2003:50-174.
[2]番华彩,唐嘉义,秦小萍.烟草青枯病防治研究进展[J].云南大学学报(自然科学版),2008,30(S1):31-35.
[3]王志愿,姜清治,霍沁建.烟草黑胫病的研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2010,26(21):250-255.
[4]陈泽鹏,王涛,陈伟明,等.烟草抗青枯病的药剂诱导效应与抑菌增效作用[J].烟草科技,2011(1):74-78.
[5]刘德坤,陈少刚,陈希泉.0.025%五氟磺草胺可溶性药肥粒剂的研制[J].农药,2016,55(11):796-800.
[6]李自博,郑殿家,田永全,等.药肥处理对老参地土壤微生物区系及化学性质的影响[J].吉林农业大学学报,2015,37(1):73-76,82.
[7]吴传万,杜小凤,顾大路,等.植物源药肥对温室黄瓜生长发育和土壤环境的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2014,30(1):92-99.
[8]胡庆发,马军伟,符建荣,等.多功能药肥对茄子黄萎病的防治效果及茄子产量品质的影响[J].浙江农业学报,2013,25(2):315-318.
[9]赖多,康向辉,邵雪花,等.印楝渣生物药肥对香蕉生长和香蕉枯萎病的影响[J].华南农业大学学报,2017,38(4):30-36.
[10]匡石滋,李春雨,田世尧,等.药肥两用生物有机肥对香蕉枯萎病的防治及其机理初探[J].中国生物防治学报,2013,29(3):417-423.
[11]王瑞新,闫克玉,韩锦峰,等.烟草化学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2003:50-174.