基于超疏水基底的水中微量铅元素的LIBS快速测量方法
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摘要
铅(Pb)是饮用水中的一种常见微量重金属有害污染物,但目前常规测量方法很难对其进行快速有效的测量。为了定性提高激光诱导击穿光谱(LIBS)技术对饮用水中铅的检测限,在被测基地表面制备了超疏水涂层,利用超疏水效应使待测溶液不断在基底表面汇聚,提出了一种水中微量铅的快速测量方法。与传统的滤纸法相比,该方法对铅的检测能力有了很明显的增强效果,可以明显的检测出10μg/L铅溶液中的铅元素。此外,利用超缩水的聚集效应,对5个不同浓度(100～500μg/L)的铅溶液进行了定量分析,并建立出了较好的回归曲线模型,其决定系数R2达到0. 995 5,它的预测检测限可以达到6. 297μg/L。结果显示了此方法有助于饮用水中重金属铅的测量,具有高灵敏、快速测量、可定量的优势,有望应用于饮用水质的快速鉴定。
Lead( Pb) is a common trace heavy metal and harmful pollutant in drinking water,but it is difficult to be measured quickly and effectively by conventional methods. In order to qualitatively improve the detection limit of lead in drinking water by traditional LIBS technology,we made a super-hydrophobic coating on the surface of the measured substrate,and used the super-hydrophobic effect to make the solution converge on the substrate surface continuously,and proposed a method for rapid measurement of trace lead in water by LIBS based on super-hydrophobic nano-substrate. Compared with the traditional filter paper method,this method can obviously enhance the ability of detection of lead and detect lead in 10 μg/L lead solution. In addition,using the aggregation effect of super-hydrophobic,we quantitatively analyzed the lead solutions with five different concentrations( 100-500 μg/L) and found that it could establish a good regression curve model with a determination coefficient R2 of 0. 995 5 and its predicted detection limit could reach 6. 297 μg/L. This result shows that this method contributes to the measurement of heavy metal lead in drinking water with high sensitivity,rapid measurement and quantitative analysis,and is expected to be applied to the rapid identification of drinking water quality.
Lead( Pb) is a common trace heavy metal and harmful pollutant in drinking water,but it is difficult to be measured quickly and effectively by conventional methods. In order to qualitatively improve the detection limit of lead in drinking water by traditional LIBS technology,we made a super-hydrophobic coating on the surface of the measured substrate,and used the super-hydrophobic effect to make the solution converge on the substrate surface continuously,and proposed a method for rapid measurement of trace lead in water by LIBS based on super-hydrophobic nano-substrate. Compared with the traditional filter paper method,this method can obviously enhance the ability of detection of lead and detect lead in 10 μg/L lead solution. In addition,using the aggregation effect of super-hydrophobic,we quantitatively analyzed the lead solutions with five different concentrations( 100-500 μg/L) and found that it could establish a good regression curve model with a determination coefficient R2 of 0. 995 5 and its predicted detection limit could reach 6. 297 μg/L. This result shows that this method contributes to the measurement of heavy metal lead in drinking water with high sensitivity,rapid measurement and quantitative analysis,and is expected to be applied to the rapid identification of drinking water quality.
引文
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[16] D'LLIO S,MAJORANI C,PETRUCCI F,et al. Method validation for the quantification of As,Cd,Hg and Pb in blood by ICP-MS for monitoring purposes[J]. Analytical Methods,2010,2(12):2049-2054.
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[19] KNOPP R, SCHERBAUM FJ, KIM JI. Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS)as an analytical tool for the detection of metal ions in aqueous solutions[J]. Analytical&Bioanalytical Chemistry,1996,355(1):16-20.
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[22] DONG D,JIAO L,DU X,et al. Ultrasensitive nanoparticle enhanced laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy using a super-hydrophobic substrate coupled with magnetic confinement[J]. Chemical Communications,2017,53(33):4546.
[23] JIE L,LU J,LIN Z,et al.,Experimental Analysis of Spectra of Metallic Elements in Solid Samples by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers,2009,36(11):2882-2887.
[2] WONG CS,BERRANG P. Contamination of tap water by lead pipe and solder[J]. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination&Toxicology. 1976,15(5):530-534.
[3] KIM EJ,HERRERA JE. Characteristics of lead corrosion scales formed during drinking water distribution and their potential influence on the release of lead and other contaminants[[J]. Environmental Science&Technology,2010,44(16):6054-6061.
[4] DESSUY MB,VALE MG,WELZ B,et al. Determination of cadmium and lead in beverages after leaching from pewter cups using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry[J]. Talanta,2011,85(1):681-686.
[5] FLORA SJ,GAUTAM P,KUSHWAHA P. Lead and ethanol co-exposure lead to blood oxidative stress and subsequent neuronal apoptosis in rats[J]. Alcohol&Alcoholism,2012,47(2):92.
[6] FLORA SJ,SAXENA G,MEHTA A. Reversal of lead-induced neuronal apoptosis by chelation treatment in rats:role of reactive oxygen species and intracellular Ca(2+)[J]. Journal of Pharmacology&Experimental Therapeutics,2007,322(1):108-16.
[7] MOODIE SM.,TSUI EK,SILBERGELD EK. Communityand family-level factors influence care-giver choice to screen blood lead levels of children in a mining community[J]. Environmental Research,2010,110(5):484-496.
[8] WANG Q,ZHAO H,CHEN K,et al. Adverse health effects of lead exposure on children and exploration to internal lead indicator[J]. Science of the Total Environment,2009,407(23):5986-5992.
[9] MARSHALL L,WEIR E,ABELSOHN A,et al. Identifying and managing adverse environmental health effects:3.Lead exposure[J]. CMAJ,2002,166(11):1287-1292.
[10] GRANDJEAN P. Widening perspectives of lead toxicity:A review of health effects of lead exposure in adults[J]. Environmental Research,1978,17(2):303-321.
[11] BAKIRDERE S,YAMAN M. Determination of lead,cadmium and copper in roadside soil and plants in Elazig,Turkey[J]. Environmental Monitoring&Assessment,2008,136(1-3):401-410.
[12] SARDANS J,MONTES F,PENUELAS J. Determination of As,Cd,Cu,Hg and Pb in biological samples by modern electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry[J]. Spectrochimica Acta Part B Atomic Spectroscopy,2010,65(2):97-112.
[13] ATZ V.L,POZEBON D. Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry(GFAAS)Methodology for Trace Element Determination in Eye Shadow and Lipstick[J]. Atomic Spectroscopy,2009,30(3):82-91.
[14] CHEN F,XU DD,TANG XP,et al. Determination of nine hazardous elements in textiles by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer after microwave-assisted dilute nitric acid extraction[J]. Spectroscopy&Spectral Analysis,2012,32(1):239-243.
[15] BING? L M,YENTVR G,ER B,et al. Determination of some heavy metal levels in soft drinks from Turkey using ICP-OES method[J]. Czech Journal of Food Sciences,2010,28(3):213-216.
[16] D'LLIO S,MAJORANI C,PETRUCCI F,et al. Method validation for the quantification of As,Cd,Hg and Pb in blood by ICP-MS for monitoring purposes[J]. Analytical Methods,2010,2(12):2049-2054.
[17] MINNICH,MG,MILLER DC,PARSONS PJ. Determination of As,Cd,Pb,and Hg in urine using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with the direct injection high efficiency nebulizer[J]. Spectrochimica Acta Part B Atomic Spectroscopy,2008,63(3):389-395.
[18] YAMAN M,BAKIRDERE S. Identification of Chemical Forms of Lead,Cadmium and Nickel in Sewage Sludge of Waste Water Treatment Facilities[J]. Microchimica Acta,2003,141(1-2):47-54.
[19] KNOPP R, SCHERBAUM FJ, KIM JI. Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS)as an analytical tool for the detection of metal ions in aqueous solutions[J]. Analytical&Bioanalytical Chemistry,1996,355(1):16-20.
[20] WEST JR,HOUSEHOLDER PA,WAL RLV,et al. Trace Metal Detection by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy[J]. Applied Spectroscopy,1999,53(10):1226-1236.
[21] LUI SL,GODWAL Y,TASCHUK MT,et al. Detection of Lead in Water Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy and Laser-Induced Fluorescence[J]. Analytical Chemistry,2008,80(6):1995-2000.
[22] DONG D,JIAO L,DU X,et al. Ultrasensitive nanoparticle enhanced laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy using a super-hydrophobic substrate coupled with magnetic confinement[J]. Chemical Communications,2017,53(33):4546.
[23] JIE L,LU J,LIN Z,et al.,Experimental Analysis of Spectra of Metallic Elements in Solid Samples by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers,2009,36(11):2882-2887.