舟山近岸海域沉积物中重金属的生物有效性研究
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摘要
对舟山附近海域沉积物中的酸可挥发性硫化物(AVS)、同步提取重金属(SEM)和5种重金属的分布进行了调查,并用(SEM-AVS)差值法对上述重金属的生物有效性进行了研究。结果表明,该海域表层沉积物中AVS和SEM含量均较低,AVS含量范围为0.005～4.21μmol/g,平均含量为0.546μmol/g,SEM含量范围为0.3356～1.614μmol/g,平均含量为0.7998μmol/g;表层沉积物中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr和Cd的平均含量分别为24.65×10~(-6)、27.21×10~(-6)、114.5×10~(-6)、58.26×10~(-6)和0.142×10~(-6)。(SEM-AVS)差值法的结果表明除5个站位外,其余站位沉积物中重金属对生物可能具有中等毒性。
The distributions of acid volatile sulfide(AVS),simultaneously extracted metals(SEM) and five heavy metals of surface sediments in coastal waters of Zhoushan were surveyed,and the bioavailability of aforementioned heavy metals were investigated based on the SEM minus AVS(SMV) method.Results indicated that both AVS and SEM presented lower concentration.The concentration of AVS ranged from 0.005 μmol/g to 4.21 μmol/g,and the average value was 0.5456 μmol/g.The concentration of SEM ranged from 0.3356 μmol/g to 1.614 μmol/g,and the average value was 0.7998 μmol/g.The average concentration of Cu,Pb,Zn,Cr and Cd were 24.65×10~(-6),27.21×10~(-6),114.5×10~(-6),58.26 ×10~(-6)g,and 0.142×10~(-6),respectively.The result of SMV method showed that heavy metals in sediments might have moderate toxicity to aquatic life except for 5 stations.
The distributions of acid volatile sulfide(AVS),simultaneously extracted metals(SEM) and five heavy metals of surface sediments in coastal waters of Zhoushan were surveyed,and the bioavailability of aforementioned heavy metals were investigated based on the SEM minus AVS(SMV) method.Results indicated that both AVS and SEM presented lower concentration.The concentration of AVS ranged from 0.005 μmol/g to 4.21 μmol/g,and the average value was 0.5456 μmol/g.The concentration of SEM ranged from 0.3356 μmol/g to 1.614 μmol/g,and the average value was 0.7998 μmol/g.The average concentration of Cu,Pb,Zn,Cr and Cd were 24.65×10~(-6),27.21×10~(-6),114.5×10~(-6),58.26 ×10~(-6)g,and 0.142×10~(-6),respectively.The result of SMV method showed that heavy metals in sediments might have moderate toxicity to aquatic life except for 5 stations.
引文
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[16] 蔡丽萍,金敬林,水柏年.舟山六横岛附近海域沉积物重金属污染及潜在生态风险评价[J].海洋环境科学,2012,31(4):496-499.
[17] DI TORO D M,MAHONY J D,HANSEN D J,et al.Acid volatile sulfide predicts the acute toxicity of cadmium and nickel in sediments[J].Environmental Science & Technology,1992,26(1):96-101.
[18] HANSEN D J,BERRY W J,BOOTHMANW S,et al.Predicting the toxicity of metal-contaminated field sediments using interstitial concentration of metals and acid-volatile sulfide normalizations[J].Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry,1996,15(12):2080-2094.
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[20] United States Environmental Protection Agency.The incidence and severity of sediment contamination in surface waters of the United States[M].Washington DC:United States Environmental Protection Agency,1997.
[2] 王伟力,耿安朝,刘花台,等.九龙江口表层沉积物重金属分布及潜在生态风险评价[J].海洋科学进展,2009,27(4):502-508.
[3]方涛,徐小清.水体沉积物中酸挥发性硫化物的研究进展[J].水生生物学报,2001,25(5):508-515.
[4] LEE J S,LEE B G,LUOMA S N,et al.Influence of acid volatile sulfides and metal concentrations on metal partitioning in contaminated sediments[J].Environmental Science & Technology,2000,34(21):4511-4516.
[5] MACHADO W,CARVALHO M F,SANTELLI R E,et al.Reactive sulfides relationship with metals in sediments from an eutrophicated estuary in Southeast Brazil[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2004,49(1/2):89-92.
[6] 陈淑梅,王菊英,马德毅,等.酸溶硫化物与沉积物中重金属化学活性的关系[J].海洋环境科学,1999,18(3):16-21.
[7] 胡蕾,刘素美,任景玲,等.东海近岸沉积物中酸可挥发性硫化物的分布研究[J].海洋环境科学,2009,28(5):482-486.
[8] 江志华,马启敏,王修林,等.渤海湾北部海域沉积物酸可挥发性硫(AVS)的研究[J].海洋环境科学,2005,24(3):6-8,43.
[9] 武倩倩,马启敏,王继纲,等.黄河口近岸海域沉积物酸可挥发性硫化物(AVS)的研究[J].海洋环境科学,2007,26(2):126-129.
[10] 施玉珍,张际标,李雪英,等.深圳湾海域沉积物中酸可挥发性硫化物与重金属生态风险评价[J].海洋环境科学,2012,31(4):492-495.
[11] MACKEY A P,MACKAY S.Spatial distribution of acid-volatilesulphide concentration and metal bioavailability in mangrove sediments from the Brisbane River,Australia[J].Environmental Pollution,1996,93(2):205-209.
[12] 宋金明.中国近海沉积物—海水界面化学[J].地球科学进展,1998,13(6):590.
[13] 丁喜桂.浙江近岸海域沉积物中痕量金属地球化学特征及环境质量评价[D].青岛:山东科技大学,2006.
[14] 张启龙,王凡,赵卫红,等.舟山渔场及其邻近海域水团的季节特征[J].海洋学报,2007,29(5):1-9.
[15] 丁喜桂,叶思源,鲁静.浙江省近岸海域表层沉积物重金属分布特征及地球化学分区[J].海洋地质动态,2010,26(12):1-8.
[16] 蔡丽萍,金敬林,水柏年.舟山六横岛附近海域沉积物重金属污染及潜在生态风险评价[J].海洋环境科学,2012,31(4):496-499.
[17] DI TORO D M,MAHONY J D,HANSEN D J,et al.Acid volatile sulfide predicts the acute toxicity of cadmium and nickel in sediments[J].Environmental Science & Technology,1992,26(1):96-101.
[18] HANSEN D J,BERRY W J,BOOTHMANW S,et al.Predicting the toxicity of metal-contaminated field sediments using interstitial concentration of metals and acid-volatile sulfide normalizations[J].Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry,1996,15(12):2080-2094.
[19] FANG T,LI X D,ZHANG G,et al.Acid volatile sulfide and simultaneously extracted metals in the sediment cores of the Pearl River Estuary,South China[J].Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,2005,61(3):420-431.
[20] United States Environmental Protection Agency.The incidence and severity of sediment contamination in surface waters of the United States[M].Washington DC:United States Environmental Protection Agency,1997.