臭氧灭菌对大棚内番茄和辣椒田间病害发生率、产量和品质的影响
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摘要
【目的】为探明臭氧灭菌对大棚内番茄和辣椒田间病害发生率、产量和品质的影响。【方法】以番茄和辣椒为试材,采用新型臭氧发生器,研究增施不同浓度的臭氧对大棚内番茄和辣椒田间病害发生率、产量及品质的影响。【结果】增施臭氧能显著降低番茄和辣椒的田间病害发生率,同时能促进产量的增加。增施臭氧能显著提高番茄和辣椒的单果重、果实纵径和横径、果实可溶性总糖含量;同时能显著增加辣椒叶片叶绿素含量、番茄果实的有机酸含量和糖酸比、辣椒果实的Vc含量和可溶性蛋白含量。【结论】综合考虑,使用这种新型的臭氧发生器,在番茄和辣椒大棚生产中,臭氧处理2的杀菌及提高产量和品质的效果要由于臭氧处理1,即每天释放3 h臭氧效果最优。
【Objective】The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of ozone sterilization on field disease incidence,yield and quality of tomato and pepper in greenhouse. 【Method】A new ozone generator was used to study the effects of different concentrations of ozone on field disease incidence,yield and quality of tomato and pepper in greenhouse.【Result】The results showed that applying ozone could significantly decrease the disease incidence of tomato and pepper,and increase the yield at the same time. Adding ozone could significantly improve fruit weight,fruit longitudinal diameter and transverse diameter,fruit soluble sugar content of tomato and pepper; and could significantly increase the chlorophyll content of pepper leaves,organic acids content and sugar acid ratio of tomato fruits,Vc content and soluble protein content of pepper fruits. 【Conclusion】To have an integrative consideration,through using this new type of ozone generator in tomato and pepper greenhouse production,the effect of sterilization,improve the yield and quality of ozone treatment 2 was better than ozone treatment 1. The release of ozone for 3 hours a day have the best effects.
【Objective】The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of ozone sterilization on field disease incidence,yield and quality of tomato and pepper in greenhouse. 【Method】A new ozone generator was used to study the effects of different concentrations of ozone on field disease incidence,yield and quality of tomato and pepper in greenhouse.【Result】The results showed that applying ozone could significantly decrease the disease incidence of tomato and pepper,and increase the yield at the same time. Adding ozone could significantly improve fruit weight,fruit longitudinal diameter and transverse diameter,fruit soluble sugar content of tomato and pepper; and could significantly increase the chlorophyll content of pepper leaves,organic acids content and sugar acid ratio of tomato fruits,Vc content and soluble protein content of pepper fruits. 【Conclusion】To have an integrative consideration,through using this new type of ozone generator in tomato and pepper greenhouse production,the effect of sterilization,improve the yield and quality of ozone treatment 2 was better than ozone treatment 1. The release of ozone for 3 hours a day have the best effects.
引文
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[21]张黎,孙周平,余朝阁.不同质量浓度臭氧水对Botrytis cinerea、Fulviafulva及Alternaria cucumerina生长的影响[J].西北农业学报,2010,19(8):101-104.
[22]喻景权,驹田旦.臭氧对培养液中两种植物病原菌的杀菌效果[J].园艺学报,1998,25(1):96-98.
[23]徐燕,赵春燕,孙军.臭氧对无土栽培营养液的消毒作用研究[J].微生物学杂志,2004,24(6):60-61.
[24]孙震.臭氧防治温室病虫害装置及其控制系统设计与研究[D].东北林业大学,2010.
[25]岳志勤,马继武.臭氧消毒机在北京市丰台区设施农业中的应用[J].农业工程,2013(S2):66-68.
[26]糜南宏,谢葆青,屈弘,等.臭氧杀菌技术在蔬果大棚应用新方法研究[J].农机科技推广,2013(6):44-46.
[27]刘长虹.臭氧在蔬菜设施栽培中的应用[J].天津农林科技,2008(1):12-14.()
[2]耿士均,刘刊,商海燕,等.专用微生物肥对连作辣椒和番茄生长的影响[J].浙江农业科学,2012(5):651-656.
[3]吴凤芝,王学征.设施黄瓜连作和轮作中土壤微生物群落多样性的变化及其与产量品质的关系[J].中国农业科学,2007,40(10):2274-2280.
[4]徐刚,刘涛,高文瑞,等.ALA对低温胁迫下辣椒植株生长及光合特性的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2011,27(3):612-616.
[5]刘楠,王琨琦,余礼根,等.基于臭氧的水培空心菜促生装置及初步试验[J].农机化研究,2017(1):92-95.
[6]吴清平,张永清,张菊梅,等.臭氧灭菌机理及消毒副产物溴酸盐控制技术研究进展[J].饮料工业,2009(4):6-12.
[7]淳于兴华,温立坤,李珂,等.臭氧灭菌技术在药厂10万级洁净区的应用研究[J].中国药事,2009(9):935-936.
[8]李想,田一梅,杨琦.温度对臭氧氧化再生水的影响[J].环境工程学报,2016(11):6200-6204.
[9]褚亚军.臭氧灭菌在非无菌液体制剂生产过程中的应用[J].机电信息,2010(17):32-33+42.
[10]宋卫堂,王成,侯文龙.紫外线-臭氧组合式营养液消毒机的设计及灭菌性能试验[J].农业工程学报,2011(2):360-365.
[11]穆钰,耿如林,矫健,等.臭氧灭菌技术处理猪场沼液粪大肠菌群的应用研究[J].中国沼气,2015(2):31-35.
[12]梁佳.臭氧抑菌作用及对温室大棚蔬菜病害防效的研究[D].山西农业大学,2016.
[13]Manousaridis G,Nerantzaki A,Paleologos E K,et al.Effect of ozone on microbial,chemical and sensory attributes of shucked mussels[J].Food Microbiology,2005,22(1):1-9.
[14]王学奎.植物生理生化试验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006
[15]中华人民共和国国家标准.GB 12293-90,水果、蔬菜制品可滴定酸度的测定[S].1990.
[16]王鸿飞,邵兴峰.果品蔬菜贮藏与加工实验指导[M].北京:科学出版社,2012:35-37.
[17]王瑞,陈永忠,陈隆升,等.油茶叶片SPAD值与叶绿素含量的相关分析[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2013,33(2):77-80.
[18]吴素霞,毛任钊,李红军,等.冬小麦叶片绿度时空变异特征研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2005,13(4):83-84.
[19]李东,李亚,周晓红.臭氧防治大棚番茄病害试验[J].长江蔬菜,2002(8):43.
[20]陈志杰,梁银丽,张淑莲,等.应用臭氧防治日光温室黄瓜病虫害[J].西北园艺,2004(9):4-5.
[21]张黎,孙周平,余朝阁.不同质量浓度臭氧水对Botrytis cinerea、Fulviafulva及Alternaria cucumerina生长的影响[J].西北农业学报,2010,19(8):101-104.
[22]喻景权,驹田旦.臭氧对培养液中两种植物病原菌的杀菌效果[J].园艺学报,1998,25(1):96-98.
[23]徐燕,赵春燕,孙军.臭氧对无土栽培营养液的消毒作用研究[J].微生物学杂志,2004,24(6):60-61.
[24]孙震.臭氧防治温室病虫害装置及其控制系统设计与研究[D].东北林业大学,2010.
[25]岳志勤,马继武.臭氧消毒机在北京市丰台区设施农业中的应用[J].农业工程,2013(S2):66-68.
[26]糜南宏,谢葆青,屈弘,等.臭氧杀菌技术在蔬果大棚应用新方法研究[J].农机科技推广,2013(6):44-46.
[27]刘长虹.臭氧在蔬菜设施栽培中的应用[J].天津农林科技,2008(1):12-14.()