2012-2017年陕西汉中市结核病实验室痰涂片镜检数据分析
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摘要
目的了解汉中市2012-2017年肺结核抗酸杆菌痰涂片结果及变化情况,分析涂阳肺结核患者特征。方法从中国结核病管理信息系统、结核病实验室登记本中收集整理痰涂片镜检数据,并对6年来肺结核患者痰涂片镜检结果进行数据分析。结果 6年来痰涂片阳性率从6. 48%下降到4. 42%,各年发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0. 05),各县区痰涂片阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0. 05),各年龄组间涂阳结核病患者阳性差异有统计学意义(P<0. 01),涂阳肺结核患者男女构成比差异有统计学意义(P<0. 01); 45～54岁年龄组患者数最多,占涂阳肺结核患者的19. 60%,其次为55～64岁年龄组,占17. 04%;男性肺结核患者数多于女性,男、女患者比平均为2. 82:1。结论汉中市2012-2017年结核病疫情呈下降趋势,男性与中老年肺结核患者是防控的重点人群。
Objective To explore the results and changes of tuberculosis acid-fast bacilli sputum smear microscopy in Hanzhong City from 2012 to 2017,and to analyze the characteristics of smear-positive tuberculosis(TB) patients. Methods Data of sputum smear microscopy were collected from Chinese TB Management Information System and TB laboratory registration books. And sputum smear microscopy results in 2012-2017 were analyzed. Results During the 6-year period from 2012 to 2017,the smear-positive detection rates were declined from 6.48% to 4.42%. There were statistically significant differences in the incidence rates in different years(P< 0.05),in the sputum smear-positive rates in different counties/districts(P < 0. 05),in the detection rates of smear-positive TB patients among different age groups(P < 0. 01) and in the male-to-female ratio among smear-positive TB patients(P< 0.01). The age group of 45-54 years had the maximum number of smear-positive TB patients,accounting for 19.60%,followed by the age group of 55-64 years,accounting for 17.04%. Male TB patients were more than female ones,with the male-to-female patient ratio of 2.82: 1. Conclusions The TB epidemics in Hanzhong City in 2012-2017 presented a downward trend.Males,the middle-aged and the elderly were the key populations for TB prevention and control.
Objective To explore the results and changes of tuberculosis acid-fast bacilli sputum smear microscopy in Hanzhong City from 2012 to 2017,and to analyze the characteristics of smear-positive tuberculosis(TB) patients. Methods Data of sputum smear microscopy were collected from Chinese TB Management Information System and TB laboratory registration books. And sputum smear microscopy results in 2012-2017 were analyzed. Results During the 6-year period from 2012 to 2017,the smear-positive detection rates were declined from 6.48% to 4.42%. There were statistically significant differences in the incidence rates in different years(P< 0.05),in the sputum smear-positive rates in different counties/districts(P < 0. 05),in the detection rates of smear-positive TB patients among different age groups(P < 0. 01) and in the male-to-female ratio among smear-positive TB patients(P< 0.01). The age group of 45-54 years had the maximum number of smear-positive TB patients,accounting for 19.60%,followed by the age group of 55-64 years,accounting for 17.04%. Male TB patients were more than female ones,with the male-to-female patient ratio of 2.82: 1. Conclusions The TB epidemics in Hanzhong City in 2012-2017 presented a downward trend.Males,the middle-aged and the elderly were the key populations for TB prevention and control.
引文
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[11]宋媛媛,蒋明霞,郭占清,等.发光二极管荧光显微镜检测结核分枝杆菌在基层实验室的应用评价[J].中国防痨杂志,2014,36(7):515-519.
[12]蒋卫平.结核分枝杆菌金胺O荧光和萋-尼染色显微镜镜检结果比较[J].医学信息,2016,29(22):278-279.
[13]喻红玲.荆门市城区新生儿卡介苗免疫效果评价[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2012,23(1):81-82.
[14]丁守华,万青灵,邵文荣,等.江苏淮安市2011-2015年肺结核流行病学分析[J].中国热带医学,2017,17(8):791-794.
[15]汪德华,付军,刘玲燕,等. 2010-2015年南昌市肺结核病流行特征分析[J].实用预防医学,2018,25(1):7-10.
[16]马树波,王娜,杨震,等. 2006-2015年北京市昌平区肺结核报告发病情况分析[J].实用预防医学,2016,23(10):1176-1181.
[2] Steingart KR,Henry M,Ng V,et al.Fluorescence versus conventional sputum smear microscopy for tuberculosis:a systematic review[J]. Lancet Infect Dis,2006,6(9):570-581.
[3]Cuevas LE,Al-Sonboli N,Lawson L,et al. LED fluorescence microscopy for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis:a multi-country crosssectional evaluation[J]. PLoS Med,2011,8(7):e1001057.
[4] Chaidir L,Parwati I,Annisa J,et al. Implementation of LED fluorescence microscopy for diagnosis of pulmonary and HIV-associated tuberculosis in a hospital setting in Indonesia[J]. PLoS One,2013,8(4):e61727.
[5] Khatun Z,Kamal M,Roy CK,et al. Usefulhess of light-emitting diode(LED)fluorescent microscopy as a tool for rapid and effective method for the diagnosis of puhnonary tuberculosis[J]. Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull,2011,37(1):7-10.
[6]赵雁林,姜广路.中国结核病防治规划痰涂片镜检标准化操作质量保证手册[M].北京:中国协和医科大学出版社,2009:7-14.
[7]陈明亭,万康林.结核病实验室技术手册[M].北京:科学出版社,2011:34-44.
[8]李源,高风华.淄博市2008-2013年肺结核痰涂片镜检结果分析[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2015,25(10):1649-1651.
[9]夏辉,赵冰,李强,等.发光二极管荧光显微镜在基层应用的多中心研究[J].中国防痨杂志,2011,33(9):592-595.
[10]姜广路,马异峰,李云絮,等.发光二极管荧光适配器显微镜的实验室诊断效果评价[J].中国防痨杂志,2012,34(2):127-128.
[11]宋媛媛,蒋明霞,郭占清,等.发光二极管荧光显微镜检测结核分枝杆菌在基层实验室的应用评价[J].中国防痨杂志,2014,36(7):515-519.
[12]蒋卫平.结核分枝杆菌金胺O荧光和萋-尼染色显微镜镜检结果比较[J].医学信息,2016,29(22):278-279.
[13]喻红玲.荆门市城区新生儿卡介苗免疫效果评价[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2012,23(1):81-82.
[14]丁守华,万青灵,邵文荣,等.江苏淮安市2011-2015年肺结核流行病学分析[J].中国热带医学,2017,17(8):791-794.
[15]汪德华,付军,刘玲燕,等. 2010-2015年南昌市肺结核病流行特征分析[J].实用预防医学,2018,25(1):7-10.
[16]马树波,王娜,杨震,等. 2006-2015年北京市昌平区肺结核报告发病情况分析[J].实用预防医学,2016,23(10):1176-1181.