广州市某综合医院0～7岁儿童血浆中14种全氟化合物的暴露水平分析
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摘要
目的了解广州市某综合医院0～7岁儿童血浆中14种全氟化合物(PFCs)的暴露浓度及暴露规律。方法采用液相色谱-质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)联用法测定广州市某综合医院243个0～7岁儿童血浆中14种PFCs的浓度,应用统计方法分析儿童血浆PFCs暴露水平与年龄、性别差异和PFCs之间的相关性。结果 14种PFCs在儿童血浆中均存在不同程度的检出,以全氟辛基磺酸(PFOS)和全氟辛酸(PFOA)为主,两者的检出率均>99%,且其平均浓度之和占14种PFCs总浓度的90%以上。PFOS浓度随年龄增长而下降(P<0.01),全氟十一酸则呈现相反的趋势(P<0.01)。全氟己基磺酸、全氟戊酸、全氟庚酸和全氟丁基磺酸在男性儿童血浆内的含量高于女性(P<0.05),其他PFCs未发现明显性别差异。结论广州市某综合医院0～7岁儿童体内PFCs,尤其是PFOS暴露水平比较高,应当重视其可能造成的健康危害并加强相关研究。
[Objective] To understand the exposure concentration and exposure law of plasma level of 14 perfluorinated compounds(PFCs) of children aged 0～7 years old from a general hospital in Guangzhou City. [Methods]The plasma samples were collected from 243 children aged 0～7 years old in a general hospital in Guangzhou City,and the plasma concentrations of 14 PFCs were measured by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS). The PFCs exposure levels of children plasma and the correlations between PFCs concentrations and age,gender were analyzed by statistic methods.[Results]14 PFCs were detected in children plasma with different detection frequency. Perfluorooctane sulfonate(PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid(PFOA) were the major compounds accounting for more than 90% of total PFCs concentrations. PFOS concentration decreased with age(P<0.01),while the concentration of perfluoroundecanoic acid had an opposite tendency(P<0.01).The concentration of perfluorohexane sulfonate,perfluoropentanoic acid,perfluoroheptanoic acid and perfluorobutane sulfonate in boys' plasma were significantly higher than those in girls' plasma(P<0.05),and there were no significant difference in concentrations of other PFCs between gender groups. [Conclusion]The exposure level of PFCs is higher in children aged 0-7 years old from a general hospital in Guangzhou City,especially PFOS. Attention should be paid to the potential health impact of PFCs and relevant research should be strengthened.
[Objective] To understand the exposure concentration and exposure law of plasma level of 14 perfluorinated compounds(PFCs) of children aged 0～7 years old from a general hospital in Guangzhou City. [Methods]The plasma samples were collected from 243 children aged 0～7 years old in a general hospital in Guangzhou City,and the plasma concentrations of 14 PFCs were measured by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS). The PFCs exposure levels of children plasma and the correlations between PFCs concentrations and age,gender were analyzed by statistic methods.[Results]14 PFCs were detected in children plasma with different detection frequency. Perfluorooctane sulfonate(PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid(PFOA) were the major compounds accounting for more than 90% of total PFCs concentrations. PFOS concentration decreased with age(P<0.01),while the concentration of perfluoroundecanoic acid had an opposite tendency(P<0.01).The concentration of perfluorohexane sulfonate,perfluoropentanoic acid,perfluoroheptanoic acid and perfluorobutane sulfonate in boys' plasma were significantly higher than those in girls' plasma(P<0.05),and there were no significant difference in concentrations of other PFCs between gender groups. [Conclusion]The exposure level of PFCs is higher in children aged 0-7 years old from a general hospital in Guangzhou City,especially PFOS. Attention should be paid to the potential health impact of PFCs and relevant research should be strengthened.
引文
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[14]李潇,仝彤,李健,等.母乳中全氟化合物的污染水平与婴儿暴露评估[J].中国环境科学,2015,35(11):3475-3480.
[15]吴江平,管运涛,李明远,等.全氟化合物的生物富集效应研究进展[J].生态环境学报,2010,19(5):1246-1252.
[16]SCHECTER A,MALIK-BASS N,CALAFAT AM,et al. Polyfluoroalkyl compounds in texas children from birth through 12 years of age[J].Environ Health Perspect,2011,120(4):590-594.
[17]YEUNG LWY,SO MK,JIANG G,et al. Perfluorooctanesulfonate and related fluorochemicals in human blood samples from China[J/OL].Environ Sci Technol,2006,40:715-720.[2018-06-10].https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/es052067y.DOI:10.1021/es052067y.
[18]曹培,付寒鸣,黄宏,等.不同职业人群血清PFOS和PFOA负荷水平检测[J].中国公共卫生,2010,26(8):1015-1016.
[2]GOUDARZI H,NAKAJIMA S,IKENO T,et al. Prenatal exposure to perfluorinated chemicals and neurodevelopment in early infancy:The Hokkaido Study[J/OL].Sci Total Environ,2016,541:1002-1010.[2018-06-10].https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969715308342.DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.10.017.
[3]BAO J,LIU W,LIU L,et al. Perfluorinated compounds in urban river sediments from Guangzhou and Shanghai of China[J].Chemosphere,2010,80(2):123-130.
[4]JIAN JM,GUO Y,ZENG L,et al. Global distribution of perfluorochemicals(PFCs)in potential human exposure source-A review[J/OL].Environ Int,2017,108:51-52.[2018-06-10].https://www.sciencedirect,com/science/article/pii/S0160412017309522.DOI:10.1016/j.envint.2017.07.024.
[5]KANNAN K,CORSOLINI S,FALANDYSZ J,et al. Perfluorooctanesulfonate and related fluorochemicals in human blood from several countries[J].Environ Sci Technol,2004,38(17):4489-4495.
[6]PAN YY,SHI Y,WANG J,et al. Concentrations of perfluorinated compounds in human blood from twelve cities in China[J].Environ Toxicol Chem,2010,29(12):2695-2701.
[7]ZHANG T,WU Q,SUN HW,et al. Perfluorinated compounds in whole blood samples from infants,children,and adults in China[J].Environ Sci Technol,2010,44(11):4341-4347.
[8]ZHANG RJ,WEI QZ,LI MJ,et al. Exposure of children aged 0-7 years to perfluorinated compounds in Foshan,China[J].Environ Sci Pollut Res Int,2017,24(29):23299-23308.
[9]FU Y,WANG T,WANG P,et al. Effects of age,gender and region on serum concentrations of perfluorinated compounds in general population of Henan,China[J/OL].Chemosphere,2014,110:104-110.[2018-06-10].https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0045653514002227.DOI:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.02.020.
[10]GORALCYK K,PACHOCKI KA,HERNIK A,et al. Perfluorinated chemicals in blood serum of inhabitants in central Poland in relation to gender and age[J/OL].Sci Total Environ,2015,532:548-555.[2018-06-10].https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S004896971530245X.DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.06.050.
[11]ERICSON I,GOMEZ M,NADAL M,et al. Perfluorinated chemicals in blood of residents in Catalonia(Spain)in relation to age and gender:A pilot study[J].Environ Int,2007,33(5):616-623.
[12]MARK H,RUSSEL L,HELENA N,et al. Limination kinetics of perfluorohexanoic acid in humans and comparison with mouse,rat and monkey[J].Chemosphere,2013,92(10):2419-2425.
[13]INOUE K,OKADA F,ITO R,et al. Perfluorooctane Sulfonate(PFOS)and Related Perfluorinated Compounds in Human Maternal and Cord Blood Samples:Assessment of PFOS Exposure in a Susceptible Population during Pregnancy[J].Environ Health Perspect,2004,112(11):1204-1207.
[14]李潇,仝彤,李健,等.母乳中全氟化合物的污染水平与婴儿暴露评估[J].中国环境科学,2015,35(11):3475-3480.
[15]吴江平,管运涛,李明远,等.全氟化合物的生物富集效应研究进展[J].生态环境学报,2010,19(5):1246-1252.
[16]SCHECTER A,MALIK-BASS N,CALAFAT AM,et al. Polyfluoroalkyl compounds in texas children from birth through 12 years of age[J].Environ Health Perspect,2011,120(4):590-594.
[17]YEUNG LWY,SO MK,JIANG G,et al. Perfluorooctanesulfonate and related fluorochemicals in human blood samples from China[J/OL].Environ Sci Technol,2006,40:715-720.[2018-06-10].https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/es052067y.DOI:10.1021/es052067y.
[18]曹培,付寒鸣,黄宏,等.不同职业人群血清PFOS和PFOA负荷水平检测[J].中国公共卫生,2010,26(8):1015-1016.