晚清癸卯学制时期我国体育教师教育制度的价值取向及本质特征
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摘要
癸卯学制的颁行对我国近现代学校体育教育产生了深远影响,运用文献资料法,以癸卯学制时期体育教师教育制度为研究对象,在梳理体育教师教育发展历史的基础上,揭示了体育教师教育制度的价值取向及本质特征,旨在为我国体育教师教育的进一步完善和发展提供参考。研究认为:癸卯学制初期,大量非专业人员进入体育教师队伍,对体育教师的整体形象产生严重损毁,体育教师培养培训机构相继成立虽然满足了应急之需,但整体建设依然滞后于其他学科,甚至延续至现在;该时期体育教师教育制度的价值取向主要表现为,以"中学为体,西学为用"为指导思想,以"忠孝为本,经史为基"为教育宗旨,以实用主义为形成思想,以军国民主义为实践思想;体育教师教育制度存在定向性、实用性、片面性和非专业性特征。
The enactment of Guimao Schooling System has had a profound impact on physical education of schools in Chinese modern history. By means of reading literature,taking the PE teachers' educational system in the period of Guimao schooling system as the research object and based on combing the development history of PE teachers' education,the value orientation and essential characteristics has been got about Chinese PE teachers' educational system,aiming to provide reference for the further improvement and development of PE teachers' education in China. It is found that at the beginning of the Guimao schooling system,a large number of non-professionals' entering the ranks of PE teachers seriously damaged the overall image of PE teachers. PE teachers' training institutions had been set up to meet the emergent needs,but the overall construction was still lagging behind other subjects,even till today. The value orientation of PE teachers' educational system in this period is mainly as follows: The guiding ideology says"taking the Chinese traditional thoughts as the body,the western scientific technology for use. "The purpose of education is "regarding loyalty and filial piety as the essence,Confucian classics and historical records as the basis. "Pragmatism is considered to be the formation ideas. Military training content in PE teachers' education has been put into practice. Directional,practical,one-sided and non-professional characteristics exist in the PE teacher's educational system during that time.
The enactment of Guimao Schooling System has had a profound impact on physical education of schools in Chinese modern history. By means of reading literature,taking the PE teachers' educational system in the period of Guimao schooling system as the research object and based on combing the development history of PE teachers' education,the value orientation and essential characteristics has been got about Chinese PE teachers' educational system,aiming to provide reference for the further improvement and development of PE teachers' education in China. It is found that at the beginning of the Guimao schooling system,a large number of non-professionals' entering the ranks of PE teachers seriously damaged the overall image of PE teachers. PE teachers' training institutions had been set up to meet the emergent needs,but the overall construction was still lagging behind other subjects,even till today. The value orientation of PE teachers' educational system in this period is mainly as follows: The guiding ideology says"taking the Chinese traditional thoughts as the body,the western scientific technology for use. "The purpose of education is "regarding loyalty and filial piety as the essence,Confucian classics and historical records as the basis. "Pragmatism is considered to be the formation ideas. Military training content in PE teachers' education has been put into practice. Directional,practical,one-sided and non-professional characteristics exist in the PE teacher's educational system during that time.
引文
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[2]黄爱峰,王明献.专业化:新世纪体育教师教育发展的生命力[J].山东体育学院学报,2007,23(2):108-111.
[3]周威.我国高校体育教师教育技术培训的探讨[J].西安体育学院学报,2004,21(4):90-92.
[4]陈君,董佳佳.日本体育教师教育改革的新进展及其启示[J].首都体育学院学报,2011,23(2):133-136.
[5]杨波,韩冰,孙玉宁.对我国体育教师教育一体化构建的研究[J].沈阳体育学院学报,2004,23(2):206-207.
[6]王华倬.论我国近代癸卯学制时期体育课程的主要内容与特征[J].西安体育学院学报,2004,21(4):78-81.
[7]成都体育学院体育史研究室.中国近代体育史简编[M].北京:人民体育出版社,1983:35-36.
[8]成都体育学院体育史研究所.中国近代体育史资料[M].成都:四川教育出版社,1988:274-297.
[9]郭沫若.郭沫若自传:少年时代[M].上海:上海文艺出版社,1955:138.
[10]毛礼锐,沈灌群.中国教育通史:第5卷[M].济南:山东教育出版社,1988:97-100.
[11]舒新城.中国近代教育史资料:中册[M].北京:人民教育出版社,1985:683-692.
[12]王维新,陈金林,戴建国.中国百年师范教育图志[M].上海:上海辞书出版社,2009:56.
[13]罗时铭.中国体育通史:第3卷[M].北京:人民体育出版社,2008:70-72.
[14]周治华.苏州全国之最[M].南京:江苏科学技术出版社,1994:265.
[15]中国体育博物馆杭州分馆.杭州体育百年图史:第一卷[M].杭州:杭州出版社,2008:82.
[16]何晓明.张之洞教育思想论[J].社会科学研究,1995(3):97-101.
[17]舒新城.中国近代教育史资料:上册[M].北京:人民教育出版社,1985:195-199.
[18]李富菊.中国现当代体育课程问题史论[M].济南:山东人民出版社,2014:77.