钼镉联合诱导对麻鸭白细胞免疫功能及脾脏MT基因mRNA表达的影响
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摘要
探讨钼镉联合诱导对麻鸭白细胞免疫功能及脾脏MT基因mRNA表达的影响。挑选360只11日龄健康"江南2号"麻鸭随机分为对照组、低钼组、高钼组、镉组、低钼镉组和高钼镉组。对照组喂基础日粮,试验组在每公斤基础日粮中添加钼、镉分别为:低钼15 mg、高钼100 mg、镉4 mg、低钼15 mg+镉4 mg和高钼100 mg+镉4 mg,以(NH_4)_6Mo_7O_(24)·4H_2O和3Cd SO_4·8H_2O作为钼源和镉源,试验期120 d。结果表明,与对照组比较,第120天脾脏指数和白细胞数高钼镉组显著降低(P<0.05);粒细胞比率:第90、120天,除低钼组外,其余各组显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01);淋巴细胞比率:第90、120天钼镉联合组极显著降低(P<0.01);中间细胞比率先显著升高后显著降低;并且这些变化趋势,钼镉联合组比钼镉单独组更加明显。MT mRNA表达量:第60,120天,除低钼组外,其余各组显著高于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结果显示:钼镉联合诱导可影响麻鸭脾脏的生长发育和白细胞免疫功能,上调脾脏MT mRNA表达量,钼镉呈协同关系。
In order to explore the effects of co-exposure to molybdenum( Mo) and cadmium( Cd) on immune function of leukocyte and mRNA expression level of MT in duck spleen,360 11-day-old healthy ducks were randomly divided into 6 groups which were control group,low Mo group( LMo),high Mo group( HMo),Cd group( Cd),low Mo combined with Cd group( LMo + Cd),high Mo combined with Cd group( HMo + Cd),respectively. Ducks in control group were fed with basic ration,different dosages of Mo and Cd were added into basal diet based on feed weight,LMo( 15 mg / kg Mo),HMo( 100 mg),Cd( 4 mg),LMo + Cd( 15 mg Mo,4 mg Cd),HMo + Cd( 100 mg Mo,4 mg Cd).( NH_4)_6Mo_7O_(24)·4H_2O and 3Cd SO_4·8H_2O were used as the sources of Mo and Cd,respectively,the experiment period lasted 120 days. Results showed that spleen index and leukocyte count on 120 day in HMo + Cd group were significantly reduced in comparison with control group( P < 0. 05). granulocyte neutrophile ratio of experimental groups were significantly increased on 90 day and 120 day except LMo group( P < 0. 05 or P < 0. 01) while leukomonocyte were highly significantly declined of combination groups( P < 0. 01). Intermediate cell rate was significantly increased in earlier experiment stage,then declined significantly later. All those conditions were more obvious in Mo combined with Cd groups than that in single groups treated with Mo or Cd. Except LMo group,the mRNA expression level of MT on 60 day and 120 day in experimental groups were significantly increased compared to control groups( P < 0. 05 or P < 0. 01). In conclusion,co-exposure to Mo and Cd affected growth and development of spleen,immune function of ducks,up-regulated the mRNA expression level of spleen MT at the same time. Mo combined with cadmium might have synergistic toxic effect on ducks.
In order to explore the effects of co-exposure to molybdenum( Mo) and cadmium( Cd) on immune function of leukocyte and mRNA expression level of MT in duck spleen,360 11-day-old healthy ducks were randomly divided into 6 groups which were control group,low Mo group( LMo),high Mo group( HMo),Cd group( Cd),low Mo combined with Cd group( LMo + Cd),high Mo combined with Cd group( HMo + Cd),respectively. Ducks in control group were fed with basic ration,different dosages of Mo and Cd were added into basal diet based on feed weight,LMo( 15 mg / kg Mo),HMo( 100 mg),Cd( 4 mg),LMo + Cd( 15 mg Mo,4 mg Cd),HMo + Cd( 100 mg Mo,4 mg Cd).( NH_4)_6Mo_7O_(24)·4H_2O and 3Cd SO_4·8H_2O were used as the sources of Mo and Cd,respectively,the experiment period lasted 120 days. Results showed that spleen index and leukocyte count on 120 day in HMo + Cd group were significantly reduced in comparison with control group( P < 0. 05). granulocyte neutrophile ratio of experimental groups were significantly increased on 90 day and 120 day except LMo group( P < 0. 05 or P < 0. 01) while leukomonocyte were highly significantly declined of combination groups( P < 0. 01). Intermediate cell rate was significantly increased in earlier experiment stage,then declined significantly later. All those conditions were more obvious in Mo combined with Cd groups than that in single groups treated with Mo or Cd. Except LMo group,the mRNA expression level of MT on 60 day and 120 day in experimental groups were significantly increased compared to control groups( P < 0. 05 or P < 0. 01). In conclusion,co-exposure to Mo and Cd affected growth and development of spleen,immune function of ducks,up-regulated the mRNA expression level of spleen MT at the same time. Mo combined with cadmium might have synergistic toxic effect on ducks.
引文
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[18]朱家桥,王玲玲,程来洋,等.镉对体外培养大鼠肝细胞DNA甲基化的影响[J].中国兽医学报,2014,34(5):781-786.
[19]Cosma G N,Currie D,Squibb K S,et al.Detection of cadmium exposure in rats by induction of lymphocyte metallothionein gene expression[J].J Toxicol Environ Health,1991,34(1):39-49.
[20]张建鹏,仲燕,任绪义,等.镉诱导大鼠睾丸三种类型细胞和肝脏金属硫蛋白基因表达的研究[J].第二军医大学学报,2003,24(2):184-187.
[21]常秀丽,金泰廙,陈亮.镉诱导人胚肾细胞金属硫蛋白基因亚型的表达[J].环境与职业医学,2010,27(9):534-537.
[22]Lucia M,Andre J M,Gonzalez P,et al.Effects of dietary cadmium contamination on bird Anas platyrhynchos--comparison with species Cairina moschata[J].Ecotoxicol Environ Saf,2010,73(8):2010-2016.
[2]Kundu S,Sengupta S,Chatterjjee S,et al.Cadmium induces lung inflammation independent of lung cell proliferation:A molecular approach[J].J Inflamm,2009(6):19.
[3]任继平,李德发,张丽英.镉毒性研究进展[J].动物营养学报,2003,15(1):1-6.
[4]Goncalves J F,Duarte M M,Fiorenza A M,et al.Hematological indices and activity of NTPDase and cholinesterase enzymes in rats exposed to cadmium and treated with N-acetylcysteine[J].Biometals,2012,25(6):1195-1206.
[5]杨雪峰,葛亚明,姜金庆,等.氯化镉对小鼠的急性毒性效应[J].中国兽医学报,2012,32(3):467-471.
[6]王婷,龙塔,杨自军,等.钼对小鼠免疫功能的影响[J].中国兽医杂志,2006,42(2):21-22.
[7]杨自军,王婷,温文彦,等.高剂量钼对鸡免疫指标的作用[J].畜禽业,2007,223(11):5-6.
[8]Dunn M A,Blalock T L,Cousins R J.Metallothionein[J].Exp Biol Med,1987,185(2):107-119.
[9]韩照祥,胡喜兰,王庆祝.重金属在鱼体内的蓄积及其防御机制研究[J].水利渔业,2006,26(5):76-78.
[10]林芃,任宏伟,茹炳根.鱼体内金属硫蛋白与水环境关系的研究[J].北京大学学报:自然科学版,2001,37(6):779-784.
[11]杨帆.高钼对雏鸡免疫器官及免疫功能影响的研究[D].四川雅安:四川农业大学,2010.
[12]白东英,龙塔,杨自军,等.不同剂量钼和锌添加水平对鸡各项血液指标的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2005(4):33-35.
[13]蒋英子,陈龙,高伟,等.镉暴露大鼠血中白细胞介素-2和皮质醇水平及白细胞免疫功能的变化[J].环境与健康杂志,2002,19(5):364-366.
[14]杨雪峰,张海棠,陈洪雨,等.镉对生长期小鼠脾组织及脾细胞DNA的损伤作用[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2014,42(8):21-26.
[15]南京农学院.家畜病理生理学[M].北京:北京农业出版社,1995:14-310.
[16]Radtke F,Heuchel R,Georgiev O,et al.Cloned transcription factor MTF-1 activates the mouse metallothionein I promoter[J].EMBO J,1993,12(4):1355-1362.
[17]陈小洁,李晓丽,何万领.饮茶对镉染毒SD大鼠抗氧化和脂质代谢的影响[J].中国兽医学报,2014,34(2):319-322.
[18]朱家桥,王玲玲,程来洋,等.镉对体外培养大鼠肝细胞DNA甲基化的影响[J].中国兽医学报,2014,34(5):781-786.
[19]Cosma G N,Currie D,Squibb K S,et al.Detection of cadmium exposure in rats by induction of lymphocyte metallothionein gene expression[J].J Toxicol Environ Health,1991,34(1):39-49.
[20]张建鹏,仲燕,任绪义,等.镉诱导大鼠睾丸三种类型细胞和肝脏金属硫蛋白基因表达的研究[J].第二军医大学学报,2003,24(2):184-187.
[21]常秀丽,金泰廙,陈亮.镉诱导人胚肾细胞金属硫蛋白基因亚型的表达[J].环境与职业医学,2010,27(9):534-537.
[22]Lucia M,Andre J M,Gonzalez P,et al.Effects of dietary cadmium contamination on bird Anas platyrhynchos--comparison with species Cairina moschata[J].Ecotoxicol Environ Saf,2010,73(8):2010-2016.