基于空间句法的传统村落空间形态认知——以杭州市芹川村为例
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摘要
传统村落是自然环境与人文环境的历史沉淀,具有独特的空间特征。利用空间句法和认知意象理论,结合实地调研资料,解读了芹川村空间形态特征与空间认知的内在联系。结果表明:(1)芹川村空间整合度与空间认知意象呈正相关;(2)芹川村内部空间可理解度较低,很难快速通过局部空间形态理解整体空间布局;(3)村落公共空间认知程度较高,且均布局在芹川溪两侧整合度值偏高的轴线上。针对芹川村空间形态问题和空间认知偏差,从优化村落空间肌理、保持公共空间活性、提取文化景观基因以及完善对外交通网络等角度提出了优化对策。
Traditional villages are historical sediment of natural environment and humanistic environment, and have unique spatial features. Based on the theory of space syntax and cognitive image, and the method of the field investigation this article explains the internal relation between spatial morphological characteristics and spatial cognition of Qinchuan village. The results show that:(1) Spatial integration value of Qinchuan village has positive correlation with the spatial cognitive image;(2) Intelligible degree of internal space of Qinchuan village is low, and it is hard to understand integrated spatial layout through local spatial morphology rapidly;(3)Cognitive degree of public space of village is high, and higher cognitive degree of public space mostly distributes inboth sides of Qinchuan river with high integrated degree. From the view of the spatial morphological problem and spatial cognitive deviation of Qinchuan village, this article proposes optimized countermeasures: optimizing spatial texture of village, keeping vitality of public space, extracting the genes of cultural landscape and perfecting external transport network.
Traditional villages are historical sediment of natural environment and humanistic environment, and have unique spatial features. Based on the theory of space syntax and cognitive image, and the method of the field investigation this article explains the internal relation between spatial morphological characteristics and spatial cognition of Qinchuan village. The results show that:(1) Spatial integration value of Qinchuan village has positive correlation with the spatial cognitive image;(2) Intelligible degree of internal space of Qinchuan village is low, and it is hard to understand integrated spatial layout through local spatial morphology rapidly;(3)Cognitive degree of public space of village is high, and higher cognitive degree of public space mostly distributes inboth sides of Qinchuan river with high integrated degree. From the view of the spatial morphological problem and spatial cognitive deviation of Qinchuan village, this article proposes optimized countermeasures: optimizing spatial texture of village, keeping vitality of public space, extracting the genes of cultural landscape and perfecting external transport network.
引文
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[16]李伯华,尹莎,刘沛林,等.湖南省传统村落空间分布特征及影响因素分析[J].经济地理,2015,35(2):189-194.
[17]车震宇,保继刚.传统村落旅游开发与形态变化研究[J].规划师,2006,22(6):45-60.
[18]佟玉权,龙花楼.贵州民族传统村落的空间分异因素[J].经济地理,2015,35(3):133-137.
[19]陶伟,陈红叶,林杰勇.句法视角下广州传统村落空间形态及认知研究[J].地理学报,2013,68(2):209-218.
[20]刘沛林,刘春腊,邓运员,等.我国古城镇景观基因“胞—链—形”的图示表达与区域差异研究[J].人文地理,2011,26(1):94-99.
[2]李伯华,罗琴,刘沛林,等.基于Citespace的中国传统村落研究知识图谱分析[J].经济地理,2017,37(9):207-214,232.
[3]卢松,陆林,王莉,等.古村落旅游客流时间分布特征及其影响因素研究:以世界文化遗产西递、宏村为例[J].地理科学,2004,24(2):64-68.
[4]比尔·希列尔,段进.空间句法与城市规划[M].南京:东南大学出版社,2007.
[5] Turner A. The Ingredients of an exosomatic cognitive map:Isovists,agents and axial lines//H?lscher C. Space Syntax and Spatial Cognition[M]. Bremen:SFB/TR 8,2007.
[6] Peter C,Dawson. Space syntax analysis of Central Inuit snow houses[J]. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology,2002,21(4):464-480.
[7] Kim Y O,Penn A. Linking the spatial syntax of cognitive map to the spatial syntax of the environment[J]. Environment and Behavior,2004,36(4):483-504.
[8]吴志军,田逢军.基于空间句法的城市休憩空间形态特征分析:以南昌市主城区为例[J].经济地理,2012,32(6):156-161.
[9]陈丹丹.基于空间句法的古村落空间形态研究:以祁门县渚口村为例[J].城市发展研究,2017,24(8):29-34.
[10]程昊淼,王伯伟.基于空间句法的上海典型片区形态演变和评估[J].同济大学学报:自然科学版,2017,45(6):833-838.
[11]陈明星,沈非,查良松,等.基于空间句法的城市交通网络特征研究:以安徽省芜湖市为例[J].地理与地理信息科学,2005,21(2):39-42.
[12]刘承良,余瑞林,段德忠.基于空间句法的武汉城市圈城乡道路网通达性演化分析[J].地理科学,2015,35(6):698-707.
[13]梁宇,郑新奇,白书建.利用空间句法模型研究京津冀路网的通达性[J].测绘通报,2016(10):101-105.
[14]邵润青.空间句法轴线地图在方格路网城市应用中的空间单元分割方法改进[J].国际城市规划,2010,25(2):62-67.
[15]肖扬,Alain Chiaradia,宋小冬.空间句法在城市规划中应用的局限性及改善和扩展途径[J].城市规划学刊,2014,218(5):32-38.
[16]李伯华,尹莎,刘沛林,等.湖南省传统村落空间分布特征及影响因素分析[J].经济地理,2015,35(2):189-194.
[17]车震宇,保继刚.传统村落旅游开发与形态变化研究[J].规划师,2006,22(6):45-60.
[18]佟玉权,龙花楼.贵州民族传统村落的空间分异因素[J].经济地理,2015,35(3):133-137.
[19]陶伟,陈红叶,林杰勇.句法视角下广州传统村落空间形态及认知研究[J].地理学报,2013,68(2):209-218.
[20]刘沛林,刘春腊,邓运员,等.我国古城镇景观基因“胞—链—形”的图示表达与区域差异研究[J].人文地理,2011,26(1):94-99.