基于实测数据的水下边坡稳定性与冲刷范围研究
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摘要
桥位区水沙环境的变化产生局部冲刷问题,并形成冲刷坑。已有研究成果表明,当冲刷坑发展到一定程度时,将产生水下边坡抗滑稳定问题,出现边坡滑动破坏与坍塌破坏交替发生,使冲刷坑逼近桥墩基础,导致基础产生不均匀沉降,甚至出现整体稳定问题。根据冲刷坑形状和空间分布动态变化的实测数据,得到不同河床底质层的冲刷稳定坡角,并研究了坡底高程和坡度对水下边坡稳定性的影响。通过边坡稳定安全系数的数学回归分析,建立冲刷坡失稳预警的HGK模型,进而开展了桥位区冲刷范围计算,并根据实测数据检验了计算成果。
Processes of flow and sediment transport in bridge area usually cause local scour pit. Field data show that the stability of scouring slope rises as scour pit developing to a certain degree, with alternating sliding failure and collapse, scour pit approaching pier foundation, causing uneven settlement in foundation, and even inducing total stability problem. Based on observed data of scour pit shape and the spatial distribution of dynamic processes, scour-stability slope angles are acquired in different riverbed, and the influence to stability is studied through two factors as scour pit depth and scour slope angle. A formula of scour range is established through multiple regression analysis of safety coefficient, and the study result is verified based on observed data.
Processes of flow and sediment transport in bridge area usually cause local scour pit. Field data show that the stability of scouring slope rises as scour pit developing to a certain degree, with alternating sliding failure and collapse, scour pit approaching pier foundation, causing uneven settlement in foundation, and even inducing total stability problem. Based on observed data of scour pit shape and the spatial distribution of dynamic processes, scour-stability slope angles are acquired in different riverbed, and the influence to stability is studied through two factors as scour pit depth and scour slope angle. A formula of scour range is established through multiple regression analysis of safety coefficient, and the study result is verified based on observed data.
引文
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[3] Koustuv Debnath, Susanta Chaudhuri. Local scour around non-circular piers in clay-sand mixed cohesive sediment beds [J]. Engineering Geology, 2012, 151(4): 1-14.
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[14] 王帅,张社荣,戚蓝,等.基于CFD的防淘墙河床冲刷模拟方法[J].水利与建筑工程学报,2013,11(1):74-79.
[15] 张磊,佘小建.环行桩群加承台基础结构局部冲刷试验研究[J].长江科学院院报,2011,28(11):10-13+18.
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[17] 王延贵,王兆印,曾庆华,等.模型沙物理特性的试验研究及相似分析[J].泥沙研究,1992(3):74-84.
[18] 张红武,汪家寅.沙石及模型沙水下休止角试验研究[J].泥沙研究,1989(3):90-96.
[19] 胡光斗,曾庆华.模型砂水下休止角与边坡上的起动相似问题[J].泥沙研究,1988(2):41-48.
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[21] Cheng N S, Chiew Y M. Pickup probability for sediment entrainment [J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 1998, 124: 232-235.
[22] Luque R F. Van Beek R. Erosion and transport of bed-load sediment [J]. Journal of Hydraulic Research, 1974, 14(2): 127-144.
[23] 孟震.推移质运动基本规律研究[D].北京:清华大学,2015.
[24] 陈志坚,唐勇,陈松.苏通大桥河床冲刷多尺度监测系统的构建[J].西南交通大学学报,2012,47(1):63-67+77.
[25] 杨程生,高正荣.苏通大桥主塔墩基础冲刷防护工程稳定性分析[J].水利水运工程学报,2007(3):33-37.
[26] 周丰年,赵建虎.苏通大桥主塔墩基础冲刷防护工程监测[J].水利水运工程学报,2005(3):26-30.
[27] 高正荣,黄建维,卢中一.苏通大桥主塔墩冲刷防护工程关键技术[J].水利水运工程学报,2005(2):18-22.
[28] 乔建平,李明俐,杨宗佶,等.基于模型试验的泥石流坡面物源启动预警模型[J].水科学进展,2018,29(1):64-72.
[2] Abou-Seida M M, Elsaeed G H, Mostafa T M. Local scour at bridge abutments in cohesive soil [J]. Journal of Hydraulic Research, 2012, 50(2): 171-180.
[3] Koustuv Debnath, Susanta Chaudhuri. Local scour around non-circular piers in clay-sand mixed cohesive sediment beds [J]. Engineering Geology, 2012, 151(4): 1-14.
[4] 许强,陈建君,张伟.水库塌岸时间效应的物理模拟研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2008(4):58-61.
[5] 肖海波.考虑河流动力条件的土质库岸塌岸预测方法研究[D].北京:中国地质大学,2009.
[6] 杨金林,吴国宏,王耀军,等.不同河道形态岸坡抗冲刷能力的三维数值模拟分析[J].华北水利水电大学学报(自然科学版),2016,37(3):60-64.
[7] 白建光,许强,汤明高,等.三峡水库塌岸影响因素的物理模拟研究[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2007(1):90-94.
[8] Osman A M, Thorne C R. Riverbank stability analysis I: theory [J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 1988, 114(2): 134-150.
[9] Osman A M, Thorne C R. Riverbank stability analysis II: applications [J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 1988, 114(2): 151-172.
[10] Darby S E, Thorne C R. Effect of Bank Stability on Geometry of Gravel Rivers [J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 1993, 121 (4):382-385.
[11] 张幸农,应强,陈长英,等.江河崩岸的概化模拟试验研究[J].水利学报,2009,40(3):263-267.
[12] 金腊华,王南海,傅琼华.长江马湖堤崩岸形态及影响因素的初步分析[J].泥沙研究,1998(2):69-73.
[13] 金腊华,石秀清.试论模型沙的水下休止角[J].泥沙研究,1990(3):87-93.
[14] 王帅,张社荣,戚蓝,等.基于CFD的防淘墙河床冲刷模拟方法[J].水利与建筑工程学报,2013,11(1):74-79.
[15] 张磊,佘小建.环行桩群加承台基础结构局部冲刷试验研究[J].长江科学院院报,2011,28(11):10-13+18.
[16] Buffington J M. Friction angle measurements on a naturally formed gravel streambed: implications for critical boundary shear stress [J]. Water Resources Research, 1992, 28(2): 411-425.
[17] 王延贵,王兆印,曾庆华,等.模型沙物理特性的试验研究及相似分析[J].泥沙研究,1992(3):74-84.
[18] 张红武,汪家寅.沙石及模型沙水下休止角试验研究[J].泥沙研究,1989(3):90-96.
[19] 胡光斗,曾庆华.模型砂水下休止角与边坡上的起动相似问题[J].泥沙研究,1988(2):41-48.
[20] Froehlich D C. Mass angle of repose of open-graded rock riprap [J]. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 2011, 137(7): 454-461.
[21] Cheng N S, Chiew Y M. Pickup probability for sediment entrainment [J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 1998, 124: 232-235.
[22] Luque R F. Van Beek R. Erosion and transport of bed-load sediment [J]. Journal of Hydraulic Research, 1974, 14(2): 127-144.
[23] 孟震.推移质运动基本规律研究[D].北京:清华大学,2015.
[24] 陈志坚,唐勇,陈松.苏通大桥河床冲刷多尺度监测系统的构建[J].西南交通大学学报,2012,47(1):63-67+77.
[25] 杨程生,高正荣.苏通大桥主塔墩基础冲刷防护工程稳定性分析[J].水利水运工程学报,2007(3):33-37.
[26] 周丰年,赵建虎.苏通大桥主塔墩基础冲刷防护工程监测[J].水利水运工程学报,2005(3):26-30.
[27] 高正荣,黄建维,卢中一.苏通大桥主塔墩冲刷防护工程关键技术[J].水利水运工程学报,2005(2):18-22.
[28] 乔建平,李明俐,杨宗佶,等.基于模型试验的泥石流坡面物源启动预警模型[J].水科学进展,2018,29(1):64-72.