玉门油田老君庙构造带白杨河组层序地层及沉积体系特征
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摘要
为揭示老君庙构造带白杨河组层序地层特征及沉积体系分布规律,应用层序地层学及沉积学理论和方法,综合利用大量岩心、钻井、测井、地震及邻区露头资料,建立了酒西盆地老君庙构造带白杨河组层序地层格架,确定了研究区沉积相类型及分布特征,明确了其演化规律及控制因素。研究结果表明,老君庙构造带古近系白杨河组可划分为一个完整的三级层序,其内部可以细分为7个准层序组。在层序内识别出冲积扇、辫状河、辫状河三角洲及湖泊等沉积相。明确了沉积相的分布规律,垂向上形成由冲积扇到辫状河三角洲,再到湖泛泥岩,最后是三角洲的沉积体系;平面上呈近南东-北西向上展布的沉积体系,整体构成一个水进、水退的沉积序列。古地貌影响了三级层序低位域沉积物的展布特征,气候不仅影响了沉积物类型,且和湖平面变化共同控制了沉积物的叠置样式及演化规律。
Sequence-stratigraphic and sedimentologic theories and methods were employed in the study of sequence stratigraphic features and sedimentary system distributions in the Baiyanghe Formaiton of the Laojunmiao structural belt in Yumen oilfield,Jiuxi Basin,northwestern China. Data gathered through core and outsrrop observation and analyses,drilling and logging,and sesimic events,were resorted to establish sequence stratigraphic framework,determine the types and distribution of sedimenatry facies,and understand evolution pattern and controlling factors in the Formation. The result shows that the Formation can be described as a complete three-order sequence,which can be divided into 7 quasi-sequence sets. Sedimentary facies including alluvial fans,braided rivers,braided river deltas and lake depostis,were recognized in the sequence. Depositional facies varied vertically from alluvial fans to braided river delta and then to lake flooding mudstone and finally to delta. Horizontally,the facies presents itself as a near southeast-northwest sedimenatry system-a sedimentary sequence of water transgression and regression. Paleogeomorphology controlled the distribution of the sediments of lowstand system tract of the three-order sequence and climate affected the types of sediments and controlled the superimposed style and evolution pattern of the sediment in the Formation.
Sequence-stratigraphic and sedimentologic theories and methods were employed in the study of sequence stratigraphic features and sedimentary system distributions in the Baiyanghe Formaiton of the Laojunmiao structural belt in Yumen oilfield,Jiuxi Basin,northwestern China. Data gathered through core and outsrrop observation and analyses,drilling and logging,and sesimic events,were resorted to establish sequence stratigraphic framework,determine the types and distribution of sedimenatry facies,and understand evolution pattern and controlling factors in the Formation. The result shows that the Formation can be described as a complete three-order sequence,which can be divided into 7 quasi-sequence sets. Sedimentary facies including alluvial fans,braided rivers,braided river deltas and lake depostis,were recognized in the sequence. Depositional facies varied vertically from alluvial fans to braided river delta and then to lake flooding mudstone and finally to delta. Horizontally,the facies presents itself as a near southeast-northwest sedimenatry system-a sedimentary sequence of water transgression and regression. Paleogeomorphology controlled the distribution of the sediments of lowstand system tract of the three-order sequence and climate affected the types of sediments and controlled the superimposed style and evolution pattern of the sediment in the Formation.
引文
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[15]唐世荣.老君庙油田L油层沉积相研究在油田开发中的应用[J].石油勘探与开发,1981(3):27-35,39.Tang Shirong.Research on sedimentary facie of L oil-layer in Laojunmiao oilfield and its application to petroleum development[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,1981(3):27-35,39.
[16]梁世君,王发泰,胡亭,等.酒泉盆地第三系新的时代划分意见[J].石油学报,1992,13(2):102-108.Liang Shijun,Wang Fatai,Hu Ting,et al.A new idea on the division of tertiary formation in Jiuquan Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1992,13(2):102-108.
[17]陈建平,赵文智,黄第藩,等.酒东、酒西盆地的异同与油气勘探[J].石油勘探与开发,1997,24(6):12-16,114.Chen Jianping,Zhao Wenzhi,Huang Difan,et al.Similarity and difference in geology between Jiudong and Jiuxi Basins of northwest China and petroleum explolration[J].Petroleum Exploration&Development,1997,24(6):12-16,114.
[18]任战利,刘池阳,张小会,等.酒泉盆地群热演化史恢复及其对比研究[J].地球物理学报,2000,43(5):635-645.Ren Zhanli,Liu Chiyang,Zhang Xiaohui,et al.Recovery and comparative research of thermal history on Jiuquan basin group[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2000,43(5):635-645.
[19]吴胜和,纪友亮,岳大力,等.碎屑沉积地质体构型分级方案探讨[J].高校地质学报,2013,19(1):12-22.Wu Shenghe,Ji Youliang,Yue Dali,et al.Discussion on hierarchical scheme of architectural units in clastic deposits[J].Geological Journal of China Universities,2013,19(1):12-22.
[2]Van Wagoner J C.Overview of sequence stratigraphy of foreland basin deposits:Terminology,summary of papers,and glossary of sequence stratigraphy[C]∥Van Wagoner J C,Bertram G T.Sequence atratigraphy of Foreland basin deposits:Outcrop and subsurface examples from the Cretaceous of North America,AAPG Memoir 64,1995:10-201.
[3]吴因业,宋岩,贾承造,等.柴北缘地区层序格架下的沉积特征[J].地学前缘,2005,12(3):195-203.Wu Yinye,Song Yan,Jia Chengzao,et al.Sedimentary features in a sequence stratigraphic framework in the North area of Qaidam Basin[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2005,12(3):195-203.
[4]纪友亮,安爱琴,朱如凯.陆相前陆盆地层序结构特征研究——以准噶尔南缘晚期前陆盆地为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2008,29(2):237-243,251.Ji Youliang,An Aiqin,Zhu Rukai.Research on sequence architectures of continental foreland basins—a case study of the late stage of the southern Junggar foreland basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2008,29(2):237-243,251.
[5]顾家裕.陆相盆地层序地层学格架概念及模式[J].石油勘探与开发,1995,22(4):6-10,108.Gu Jiayu.Concept and models of sequence stratigraphy in the nonmarine basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,1995,22(4):6-10,108.
[6]林畅松,刘景彦,张燕梅,等.库车坳陷第三系构造层序的构成特征及其对前陆构造作用的响应[J].中国科学D辑,2002,32(3):177-183.Lin Changsong,Liu Jingyan,Zhang Yanmei,et al.Depositional architecture of the tertiary tectonic sequence and their response to foreland tectonism in the Kuqa depression,the Tarim basin[J].Science in China:Series D,2002,32(3):177-183.
[7]刘宗堡,赵容生,闫力,等.海-塔盆地塔南凹陷南屯组一段沉积体系特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2013,34(6):743-750.Liu Zongbao,Zhao Rongsheng,Yan Li,et al.Depositional system characteristics of the first member of the Nantun Formation in Tanan sag,the Hai-Ta Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2013,34(6):743-750.
[8]董月霞,王建伟,刁帆,等.陆相断陷湖盆层序构成样式及砂体预测模式——以南堡凹陷东营组为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2015,36(1):96-102.Dong Yuexia,Wang Jianwei,Diao Fan,et al.Sequence stratigraphic patterns and sand body prediction models of fault-depressed lacustrine basins:a case study from the Dongying Formation in the Nanpu Sag,Bohai Bay Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2015,36(1):96-102.
[9]何江,郑荣才,胡欣,等.四川盆地西部晚二叠世吴家坪组沉积体系[J].石油与天然气地质,2015,36(1):87-95.He Jiang,Zheng Rongcai,Hu Xin,et al.Sedimentary system of the Late Permian Wujiaping Formation in the western Sichuan Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2015,36(1):87-95.
[10]潘良云,曾佐勋,李明杰.酒泉盆地中新生带断拗叠合盆地及控油作用[J].地质学报,2012,86(4):535-546.Pan Liangyun,Zeng Zuoxun,Li Mingjie.Mesozoic cenozoic fault superposition basin in jiuquan and its oil-controlling significance[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2012,86(4):535-546.
[11]刘宝睿,杨克绳,刘东艳.论河西走廊陆盆的演化和最终形成期[J].地质论评,2012,55(1):25-31.Liu Baorui,Yang Kesheng,Liu Dongyan.A discussion on evolution and final forming time of the Hexi Corridor Continental Basin[J].Geological Review,2012,55(1):25-31.
[12]王崇孝,马国福,周在华.酒泉盆地中、新生代构造演化及沉积充填特征[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(1):33-36.Wang Chongxiao,Ma Guofu,Zhou Zaihua.Structure evolution and sedimentary filling of Jiuquan Basin in Mesozoic-Cenozoic period,NW China[J].Petroleum Exploration&Development,2005,32(1):33-36.
[13]冉波,李亚林,朱利东,等.青藏高原北缘新生代早期构造运动——来自酒西盆地始新世-渐新世的沉积学约束[J].岩石学报,2013,29(3):1027-1038.Ran Bo,Li Yalin,Zhu Lidong,et al.Early tectonic evolution of the northern margin of the Tibetan Plateau:Constraints from the sedimentary evidences in the Eocene-Oligocene of the Jiuxi basin[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2013,29(3):1027-1038.
[14]陆洁民,郭召杰,赵泽辉,等.新生代酒西盆地沉积特征及其与祁连山隆升关系的研究[J].高校地质学报,2004,10(1):50-61.Lu Jiemin,Guo Zhaojie,Zhao Zehui,et al.Cenozoic sedimentation characteristics of jiuxi basin and uplift history of northern qilian mountain[J].Geological Journal of China Universities,2004,10(1):50-61.
[15]唐世荣.老君庙油田L油层沉积相研究在油田开发中的应用[J].石油勘探与开发,1981(3):27-35,39.Tang Shirong.Research on sedimentary facie of L oil-layer in Laojunmiao oilfield and its application to petroleum development[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,1981(3):27-35,39.
[16]梁世君,王发泰,胡亭,等.酒泉盆地第三系新的时代划分意见[J].石油学报,1992,13(2):102-108.Liang Shijun,Wang Fatai,Hu Ting,et al.A new idea on the division of tertiary formation in Jiuquan Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1992,13(2):102-108.
[17]陈建平,赵文智,黄第藩,等.酒东、酒西盆地的异同与油气勘探[J].石油勘探与开发,1997,24(6):12-16,114.Chen Jianping,Zhao Wenzhi,Huang Difan,et al.Similarity and difference in geology between Jiudong and Jiuxi Basins of northwest China and petroleum explolration[J].Petroleum Exploration&Development,1997,24(6):12-16,114.
[18]任战利,刘池阳,张小会,等.酒泉盆地群热演化史恢复及其对比研究[J].地球物理学报,2000,43(5):635-645.Ren Zhanli,Liu Chiyang,Zhang Xiaohui,et al.Recovery and comparative research of thermal history on Jiuquan basin group[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2000,43(5):635-645.
[19]吴胜和,纪友亮,岳大力,等.碎屑沉积地质体构型分级方案探讨[J].高校地质学报,2013,19(1):12-22.Wu Shenghe,Ji Youliang,Yue Dali,et al.Discussion on hierarchical scheme of architectural units in clastic deposits[J].Geological Journal of China Universities,2013,19(1):12-22.