亚临床酮病对泌乳早期奶牛繁殖性能的影响
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摘要
为探究围产期亚临床酮病与泌乳奶牛繁殖性能及卵泡发育之间的关系,本试验选择了黑龙江省某大型集约化牛场开展试验,根据产后血酮水平确定亚临床酮病组和健康组奶牛共80头,该牛场亚临床酮病发生率为71%;两组奶牛跟踪到产后50 d进行直肠检查和B超检查了解卵泡发育状况,并记录繁殖性能数据。结果显示:与健康组奶牛相比,亚临床酮病组奶牛产后首次发情天数延长10 d,产后60 d内发情次数少0.58次;产后50 d子宫复旧不全高15%,与亚临床酮病呈显著正相关(R~2=8.74);产后60 d卵泡直径小3 mm(P<0.05)。结论:该牛场奶牛亚临床酮病发病率较高,是引起奶牛产后繁殖障碍的风险因素,也是造成卵泡发育受阻的不良因素,会导致奶牛繁殖力下降。
In order to explore the influence of perinatal subclinical ketosis on reproductive performance and follicular development of lactating cows, 80 cows from a large intensive dairy farm in Heilongjiang Province were assigned to subclinical ketosis group and control health group according to ketone bodies levels postpartum. Two groups of cows were tracked to record reproductive performance data and follicular development status at 50 days postpartum by rectal examination and B-ultrasound. Results showed that the incidence of subclinical ketosis was 71%. Subclinical ketosis group compared with the control group within 60 days postpartum, the first estrus days were 10 days longer, and the number of estrus was less 0.58 times. The uterus incompleteness was 15% at 50 days postpartum, which was significantly positive correlated with subclinical ketosis(R~2=8.74). The diameter of follicles was less 3 mm at 60 days postpartum(P<0.05). Conclusion obtained that the incidence of subclinical ketosis is high in this dairy farm, which is a risk factor for reproductive disorder postpartum in dairy cows. It is also a risk factor for obstruction of follicular development, which will lead to poor fertility in dairy cows.
In order to explore the influence of perinatal subclinical ketosis on reproductive performance and follicular development of lactating cows, 80 cows from a large intensive dairy farm in Heilongjiang Province were assigned to subclinical ketosis group and control health group according to ketone bodies levels postpartum. Two groups of cows were tracked to record reproductive performance data and follicular development status at 50 days postpartum by rectal examination and B-ultrasound. Results showed that the incidence of subclinical ketosis was 71%. Subclinical ketosis group compared with the control group within 60 days postpartum, the first estrus days were 10 days longer, and the number of estrus was less 0.58 times. The uterus incompleteness was 15% at 50 days postpartum, which was significantly positive correlated with subclinical ketosis(R~2=8.74). The diameter of follicles was less 3 mm at 60 days postpartum(P<0.05). Conclusion obtained that the incidence of subclinical ketosis is high in this dairy farm, which is a risk factor for reproductive disorder postpartum in dairy cows. It is also a risk factor for obstruction of follicular development, which will lead to poor fertility in dairy cows.
引文
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[11]Leroy J L,Vanholder T,Opsomer G,et al.The in vitro development of bovine oocytes after maturation in glucose and beta-hydroxybutyrate concentrations associated with negative energy balance in dairy cows[J].Reproduction in Domestic Animals,2010,41(2):119-123.
[12]Santos J E P,Bisinotto R S,Ribeiro E S.Mechanisms underlying reduced fertility in anovular dairy cows[J].Theriogenology,2016:S0093691X16300772.
[13]Santos J E,Bisinotto R S,Ribeiro E S.Mechanisms underlying reduced fertility in anovular dairy cows[J].Theriogenology,2016,86(1):254-262.
[14]Suthar V S,Canelas-Raposo J,Deniz A,et al.Prevalence of subclinical ketosis and relationships with postpartum diseases in European dairy cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2013,96(5):2925-2938.
[15]Dubuc J,Duffield T F,Leslie K E,et al.Risk factors for postpartum uterine diseases in dairy cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2010,93(12):5771.
[2]Goff J P,Horst R L.Physiological Changes at Parturition and Their Relationship to Metabolic Disorders[J].1997,80(7):1268.
[3]Rutherford A J,Oikonomou G,Smith R F.The effect of subclinical ketosis on activity at estrus and reproductive performance in dairy cattle[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2016,99(6):4808-4815.
[4]张拴林,岳文斌,黄应祥,等.能量对奶牛繁殖力的影响[J].中国奶牛,2004(4):35-37.
[5]夏成,王洪斌,张洪友,等.能量负平衡对泌乳早期奶牛生产性能、繁殖性能和机体代谢的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2009,45(21):32-35.
[6]Ospina P A,Nydam D V,Stokol T,et al.Evaluation of nonesterified fatty acids andβ-hydroxybutyrate in transition dairy cattle in the northeastern United States:Critical thresholds for prediction of clinical diseases[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2010,93(2):546-554.
[7]Ribeiro E S,Lima F S,Greco L F,et al.Prevalence of periparturient diseases and effects on fertility of seasonally calving grazing dairy cows supplemented with concentrates[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2013,96(9):5682-5697.
[8]Aungier S P M,Roche J F,Diskin M G,et al.Risk factors that affect reproductive target achievement in fertile dairy cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2014,97(6):3472-3487.
[9]刘国文,王哲.围产期奶牛能量代谢障碍性疾病的研究进展[J].中国畜牧杂志,2004,40(12):78-79.
[10]Rutherford A J,Oikonomou G,Smith R F.The effect of subclinical ketosis on activity at estrus and reproductive performance in dairy cattle[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2016,99(6):4808-4815.
[11]Leroy J L,Vanholder T,Opsomer G,et al.The in vitro development of bovine oocytes after maturation in glucose and beta-hydroxybutyrate concentrations associated with negative energy balance in dairy cows[J].Reproduction in Domestic Animals,2010,41(2):119-123.
[12]Santos J E P,Bisinotto R S,Ribeiro E S.Mechanisms underlying reduced fertility in anovular dairy cows[J].Theriogenology,2016:S0093691X16300772.
[13]Santos J E,Bisinotto R S,Ribeiro E S.Mechanisms underlying reduced fertility in anovular dairy cows[J].Theriogenology,2016,86(1):254-262.
[14]Suthar V S,Canelas-Raposo J,Deniz A,et al.Prevalence of subclinical ketosis and relationships with postpartum diseases in European dairy cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2013,96(5):2925-2938.
[15]Dubuc J,Duffield T F,Leslie K E,et al.Risk factors for postpartum uterine diseases in dairy cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2010,93(12):5771.