关于大学生对死亡伦理认知现状的调查分析
|
摘要
目的了解当代在校大学生对于死亡伦理观念的认知程度以及在不同人口学特征下是否存在认知差异,为医学生走上临床及医护人员对病患及其家属进行死亡教育、安宁疗护做好准备,以利更好地、全方位地开展临床照护。方法自行设计问题式问卷,采取网络发放的形式对以陕西、内蒙古为主的29个省市区在校本科大学生(包括医学类与非医学类)进行调查并分析。结果 84.82%的大学生认同"医院有较大的可能让我的亲人脱离危险";67.5%的大学生认为生命的质量更重要,如果生命已经完全没有了质量,会选择面对别离;38.75%的大学生表示不愿意对亲人实施安乐死,选择"不惜一切全力抢救临终亲人";48.21%的大学生选择"放弃抢救,平静的陪伴亲人走到生命的终点,给他温暖的慰藉"。结论总体看来,当代大学生对死亡伦理有一定的认知,可能与受教育程度较高、信息交换迅捷等有关;对于安乐死的接受程度不是很高,并且在不同人口学特征下存在显著性差异。建议进一步引导其认同死亡教育、安宁疗护理念,以促进对"生命安逝"的高度认同。
Objective:To understand the contemporary college students' cognition degree of the concept of death ethics and the cognitive differences under different demographic characteristics. To provide medical students and medical staff to carry out death education and hospice care for patients and their families, so as to facilitate better and comprehensive clinical care. Methods: The self-designed and question-type questionnaire was used to investigate and analyze undergraduate students(including medical students and non-medical students) in 29 provinces and cities, including Shaanxi, Inner Mongolia in the form of network distribution. Results: 84.82% of college students agree with the conclusion that "the hospital has a greater possibility to let my relatives out of danger". 67.5% of college students believe that the quality of life is more important. If life has no quality at all, they will choose to face separation. 38.75% of college students said they were not willing to perform euthanasia on their relatives and chose to "spare no effort to save their dying relatives". 48.21% of college students choose to "give up rescue, accompany their relatives calmly to the end of life and give them warm comfort". Conclusion: In general, contemporary college students have some cognition death ethics, which may be related to higher education level and rapid information exchange. The acceptance of euthanasia is not very high, and there are significant differences in different demographic characteristics. It is suggested to guide them to identify with the concepts of death education and palliative care, so as to promote their high recognition of "death of life peacefully".
Objective:To understand the contemporary college students' cognition degree of the concept of death ethics and the cognitive differences under different demographic characteristics. To provide medical students and medical staff to carry out death education and hospice care for patients and their families, so as to facilitate better and comprehensive clinical care. Methods: The self-designed and question-type questionnaire was used to investigate and analyze undergraduate students(including medical students and non-medical students) in 29 provinces and cities, including Shaanxi, Inner Mongolia in the form of network distribution. Results: 84.82% of college students agree with the conclusion that "the hospital has a greater possibility to let my relatives out of danger". 67.5% of college students believe that the quality of life is more important. If life has no quality at all, they will choose to face separation. 38.75% of college students said they were not willing to perform euthanasia on their relatives and chose to "spare no effort to save their dying relatives". 48.21% of college students choose to "give up rescue, accompany their relatives calmly to the end of life and give them warm comfort". Conclusion: In general, contemporary college students have some cognition death ethics, which may be related to higher education level and rapid information exchange. The acceptance of euthanasia is not very high, and there are significant differences in different demographic characteristics. It is suggested to guide them to identify with the concepts of death education and palliative care, so as to promote their high recognition of "death of life peacefully".
引文
[1] 王明旭,赵明杰.医学伦理学[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2018:115.
[2] 周士英.美国死亡教育研究综述[J].外国中小学教育,2008(4):44-47.
[3] 迟西琴,迟品伟.论死亡教育中的死亡认知原则导向问题[J].医学与哲学,2016,37(15A):77-80.
[4] 张鹏.传统生死孝道观与老年临终关怀[J].医学与哲学,2014,35(11A):34-36.
[5] Hales S,Zimmermann C,Rodin G.The Quality of Dying and Death[J].Archives of internal medicine,2008,168(9):912-918.
[6] Wei-Chen Tung.Hospice Care in Chinese Culture:A Challenge to Home Care Professionals[J].Home Health Care Management Practice,2011,23(1):67-68.
[7] 马晓.影响中国临终关怀发展的传统伦理观念解析[J].中国医学伦理学,2009,22(1):14-15.
[8] 李芳,赵丽莉,李义庭.中国临终关怀死亡选择的伦理争论[J].中国医学伦理学,2009,22(2):48-49,53.
[9] 曲江川.构建中国老年临终关怀新型文化模式初探[J].中国医学伦理学,2010,15(4):51-52.
[2] 周士英.美国死亡教育研究综述[J].外国中小学教育,2008(4):44-47.
[3] 迟西琴,迟品伟.论死亡教育中的死亡认知原则导向问题[J].医学与哲学,2016,37(15A):77-80.
[4] 张鹏.传统生死孝道观与老年临终关怀[J].医学与哲学,2014,35(11A):34-36.
[5] Hales S,Zimmermann C,Rodin G.The Quality of Dying and Death[J].Archives of internal medicine,2008,168(9):912-918.
[6] Wei-Chen Tung.Hospice Care in Chinese Culture:A Challenge to Home Care Professionals[J].Home Health Care Management Practice,2011,23(1):67-68.
[7] 马晓.影响中国临终关怀发展的传统伦理观念解析[J].中国医学伦理学,2009,22(1):14-15.
[8] 李芳,赵丽莉,李义庭.中国临终关怀死亡选择的伦理争论[J].中国医学伦理学,2009,22(2):48-49,53.
[9] 曲江川.构建中国老年临终关怀新型文化模式初探[J].中国医学伦理学,2010,15(4):51-52.