基于结合部优化的脉冲燃烧风洞测力系统动态特性优化
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摘要
对脉冲燃烧风洞测力系统动态特性进行优化有助于改善风洞测力实验数据的准确性。提出了一种基于结合部动态特性优化来改善测力系统整机动态特性的方法。首先在Ansys中准确建立了风洞测力系统整机有限元模型,其中采用弹簧-阻尼模型来模拟结合部的接触特性,通过Yoshimura法计算出弹簧-阻尼单元的刚度系数和阻尼系数。其次,进行模态分析,并计算各阶模态下的测力系统应变能密度分布,基于应变能密度分布分析发现结合部为测力系统刚度最为薄弱的地方。最后,以结合部接触面压为优化变量对测力系统进行动态特性优化,对比了优化前后测力系统的前五阶固有频率和天平应变片粘贴处的频响函数,发现优化后的整机固有频率较优化前有明显的提高,最高提高了16.7%,所有应变片粘贴处的频响函数幅值较优化前有明显的降低,测力系统的动态特性有了较明显的改善,验证了该优化方法的可行性。
Optimizing dynamic performance of force measuring system in impulse combustion wind tunnel can be helpful in improving the accuracy of the wind tunnel force measurement experimental data. A novel method is proposed,which is based on joint part dynamic property optimum,to improve the dynamic property of force measuring system in impulse combustion wind tunnel. To the beginning,the Ansys finite element model of force measuring system is established precisely. The spring-damper model,whose stiffness coefficient and damping coefficient can be calculated by Yoshimura method,are used to describe contact characteristic of joint part. Next,the modal analysis and the calculation of strain energy density distribution for force measuring system is carried out. On the basis of strain energy density distribution,joint part is the weakest part of stiffness in force measuring system. Finally,surface pressure of contact area working as optimization variable is conducted to optimize the dynamic performance of force measuring system. The top 5 inherent frequencies and the frequency response function of strain gauge in wind load balance of the optimal force measuring system are compared with original force measuring system. Comparing with the original condition,results show that the inherent frequencies of force measuring system are improved efficiently,the maximum one is up to 16.7%. And the amplitude for frequency response functions of strain gauge is evidently reduced. It also shows that the dynamic characteristics of force measuring system are improved obviously. The feasibility of the proposed optimization method is validated.
Optimizing dynamic performance of force measuring system in impulse combustion wind tunnel can be helpful in improving the accuracy of the wind tunnel force measurement experimental data. A novel method is proposed,which is based on joint part dynamic property optimum,to improve the dynamic property of force measuring system in impulse combustion wind tunnel. To the beginning,the Ansys finite element model of force measuring system is established precisely. The spring-damper model,whose stiffness coefficient and damping coefficient can be calculated by Yoshimura method,are used to describe contact characteristic of joint part. Next,the modal analysis and the calculation of strain energy density distribution for force measuring system is carried out. On the basis of strain energy density distribution,joint part is the weakest part of stiffness in force measuring system. Finally,surface pressure of contact area working as optimization variable is conducted to optimize the dynamic performance of force measuring system. The top 5 inherent frequencies and the frequency response function of strain gauge in wind load balance of the optimal force measuring system are compared with original force measuring system. Comparing with the original condition,results show that the inherent frequencies of force measuring system are improved efficiently,the maximum one is up to 16.7%. And the amplitude for frequency response functions of strain gauge is evidently reduced. It also shows that the dynamic characteristics of force measuring system are improved obviously. The feasibility of the proposed optimization method is validated.
引文
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[3]王振锋,白菡尘,李向东.脉冲燃烧风洞点式油流技术在压缩拐角流动显示中的应用[J].推进技术,2014,35(11):1455-1460.(WANG Zhen-feng,BAI Han-chen,LI Xiang-dong.Application of Oil Flow Vi-sualization Technique in a Pulse Type High Temperature Wind Tunnel to Visualize Compression Corner Flow[J].Journal of Propulsion Technology,2014,35(11):1455-1460.)
[4]梁鉴,张卫国,王勋年,等.4m×3m风洞无人机模型振动抑制系统研制[J].实验流体力学,2007,21(4):65-70.
[5]Capone F J,Igoe W B.Reduction of Wind-TunnelModel Vibration by Means of a Tuned Damped Vibration Absorber Installed in the Model[R].NASA TM-1968.
[6]佘重禧,陈卫东,邵敏强.跨声速风洞测力模型的降阶及[H∞]减振控制[J].噪声与振动控制,2014,34(1):67-71.
[7]王学,陈陆军,黄勇,等.低速风洞模型振动主动控制仿真研究[J].振动与冲击,2014,33(5):14-19.
[8]刘巍,毕晓丹,贾振元,等.风洞模型主动抑振器的设计与实验[J].光学精密工程,2015,23(10):2895-2901.
[9]陈卫东,邵敏强,杨兴华,等.跨声速风洞测力模型主动减振系统的试验研究[J].振动工程学报,2007,20(1):91-96.
[10]Balakrishna S,Houlden H,Butler D,et al.Development of a Wind Tunnel Active Vibration Reduction System[C].Reno:45th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit,2007.
[11]Balakrishna S,Butler D,White E,et al.Active Damping of Sting Vibrations in Transonic Wind Tunnel Testing[C].Reno:46th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit,2008.
[12]Rivers M B,Balakrishna S.NASA Common Research Model Test Envelope Extension with Active Sting Damping at NTF[C].Atlanta:32nd AIAA Applied Aerodynamics Conference,2014.
[13]Pereira J L.Development of an Active Damping System for Use with a Single Strut Mount[C].San Diego:54th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting,2016.
[14]Li S,Liu D,Li Q.The Optimal Design of a Wind Tunnel Model Sting System Based on the CFD Method[J].International Journal of Heat&Technology,2015,33(4):137-144.
[15]Zhang G P,Huang Y M,Shi W H,et al.Predicting Dynamic Behaviours of a Whole Machine Tool Structure Based on Computer-Aided Engineering[J].International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture,2003,43(7):699-706.
[16]邓聪颖,殷国富,肖红.基于能量分布的机床整机动态特性优化方法[J].振动、测试与诊断,2015,35(6):1083-1089.
[17]廖伯瑜,周新民,尹志宏.现代机械动力学及其工程应用:建模,分析,仿真,修改,控制,优化[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004.
[18]学良.机械结合面动态特性及应用[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社,2002.