盐碱胁迫对樟幼苗养分吸收的影响
|
摘要
为探索盐碱条件下不同养分的有效性变化与樟生长不良之间的关系,采用单一水培栽培模式,研究0、1、5、10 mmol/L的混合盐碱(体积比Na_2CO_3∶NaHCO_3=1∶1)处理对樟幼苗生长期间营养液有效养分含量变化的影响。结果表明:盐碱胁迫在培养前期提高了营养液的pH值,使营养液中Na~+的含量增加,同时又降低了营养液中NH_4~+-N、有效磷、有效铁的含量,但对NO_3~--N和K~+含量的影响不明显。在幼苗培养后期,营养液的pH值缓慢提高,各有效养分含量下降,其中高浓度(5~10 mmol/L)盐碱处理下樟幼苗培养液中K~+和NH_4~+-N含量下降最快。高浓度(5~10 mmol/L)盐碱处理提高了樟幼苗对K~+和Na~+的吸收量,降低了对有效磷和有效铁的吸收量,对NO_3~--N和NH_4~+-N的吸收量影响不明显。表明在盐碱条件下,营养液中营养元素的有效性降低是引起樟生长不良的主要原因,K~+和NH_4~+-N与樟幼苗耐盐碱性相关。
In order to study the relationship between the effectiveness of different nutrient and the growth of camphor tree in salinity conditions,using a single hydroponic cultivation mode the impact on the effective nutrient content of nutrient solution during Cinnamomum camphora seedling growth was studied after treatments by 0 mmol/L,1 mmol/L,5 mmol/L and 10 mmol/L of saline( Na_2CO_3∶ NaHCO_3= 1∶ 1). The results showed that the pH value and the sodium content of nutrient solution were increased during the incubation period,and the contents of NH_4~+-N,effective phosphorus and effective iron in the nutrient solution were decreased,but no obvious effect on the contents of K~+ and NO_3~--N was observed. At the late stage of seedling cultivation,the pH value of nutrient solution was increased slowly,and the contents of available nutrients were decreased. The contents of K~+and NH_4~+-N were decreased obviously under high concentration( 5—10 mmol/L) salinity treatment. The absorption capacity of K~+and Na~+ was enhanced,and that of the effective phosphorus and effective iron was reduced. The absorption capacity of NH_4~+-N and NO_3~--N was unchanged. The effectiveness of nutrient elements in nutrient solution is reduced in saline conditions,leading to the slow growth and leaf chlorosis of camphor. The absorption of K~+and NH_4~+-N is related to camphor tolerance to salt alkaline.
In order to study the relationship between the effectiveness of different nutrient and the growth of camphor tree in salinity conditions,using a single hydroponic cultivation mode the impact on the effective nutrient content of nutrient solution during Cinnamomum camphora seedling growth was studied after treatments by 0 mmol/L,1 mmol/L,5 mmol/L and 10 mmol/L of saline( Na_2CO_3∶ NaHCO_3= 1∶ 1). The results showed that the pH value and the sodium content of nutrient solution were increased during the incubation period,and the contents of NH_4~+-N,effective phosphorus and effective iron in the nutrient solution were decreased,but no obvious effect on the contents of K~+ and NO_3~--N was observed. At the late stage of seedling cultivation,the pH value of nutrient solution was increased slowly,and the contents of available nutrients were decreased. The contents of K~+and NH_4~+-N were decreased obviously under high concentration( 5—10 mmol/L) salinity treatment. The absorption capacity of K~+and Na~+ was enhanced,and that of the effective phosphorus and effective iron was reduced. The absorption capacity of NH_4~+-N and NO_3~--N was unchanged. The effectiveness of nutrient elements in nutrient solution is reduced in saline conditions,leading to the slow growth and leaf chlorosis of camphor. The absorption of K~+and NH_4~+-N is related to camphor tolerance to salt alkaline.
引文
[1]马白菡,谢宝多.成土母质土壤(p H)对樟树黄化病的影响[J].中南林学院学报,1992,12(1):49-56.
[2]华芳,李利敏,吴良欢,等.磷酸根和碳酸氢根浓度对樟树幼苗铁吸收的影响[J].浙江农业学报,2009,21(2):173-177.
[3]刘梅,郑青松,刘兆普,等.盐胁迫下氮素形态对油菜和水稻幼苗离子运输和分布的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2015,21(1):181-189.
[4]陈超燕,刘洪剑,束庆龙,等.影响市区樟树黄化病的主要因素研究[J].林业科学研究,2008,21(5):625-629.
[5]许惠.生理黄化香樟的叶片养分特征研究[J].安徽农学通报,2009,15(3):137-139.
[6]韩浩章,张颖,李素华,等.猴樟无土栽培营养液配方选择研究[J].安徽农学通报,2017,23(11):115-117.
[7]张韫.土壤、水、植物理化分析教程[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2011.
[8]赵建荣,樊卫国.氮素形态对川梨培养介质p H及根系生长发育的影响[J].山地农业生物学报,2005,24(2):128-130.
[9]刘春娜.落叶松幼苗对不同形态氮的营养反应[D].哈尔滨:东北林业大学,2010.
[10]王文静,高松洁,梁月丽,等.不同穗型小麦品种灌浆期碳氮代谢特点及其与源库的关系[J].华北农学报,2003,18(2):29-32.
[11]朱新开,严六零,郭文善,等.淮北稻茬超高产小麦碳氮代谢特征研究[J].麦类作物学报,2002,22(1):51-55.
[12]Haynes R J,Goh K M.Ammonium and nitrate nutrition of plants[J].Biological Reviews,1978,53(4):465-510.
[13]刘洋,李彩凤,洪鑫,等.盐碱胁迫对甜菜氮代谢相关酶活性及产量和含糖率的影响[J].核农学报,2015,29(2):397-404.
[14]张毅,石玉,胡晓辉,等.外源Spd对盐碱胁迫下番茄幼苗氮代谢及主要矿质元素含量的影响[J].应用生态学报,2013,24(5):1401-1408.
[15]张玉波,李玉萍.植物对不同氮营养生境的生理生态响应[J].林业科技情报,2014,46(4):1-6.
[16]Speer M,Brune A,Kaiser W M.Replacement of nitrate by ammonium as the nitrogen source increases the salt sensitivity of pea plants.Ⅰ.Ion concentrations in roots and leaves[J].Plant Cell&Environment,1994,17(11):1215-1221.
[17]Gadallah M A.Effects of proline and glycinebetaine on Vicia faba responses to salt stress[J].Plant Biology,1999,42(2):249-257.
[18]Ali A A,Armin M,Asghrpour M R,et al.Effects of different forms of nitrogen application on yield response of corn under saline conditions[J].Advances in Environmental Biology,2011,5(4):719-724.
[19]Francois L E,Donovan T J,Maas E V,et al.Effect of salinity on grain yield and quality,vegetable growth and germination of triticale[J].Agronomy Joural,1988,80(4):642-647.
[20]Shinozaki K,Dennis E S.Regulation of ion homeostasis under salt stress[J].Current Opinion in Plant Biology,2003,6(5):441-445.
[21]刘军,徐金良,邹军,等.盐胁迫对红楠幼苗生长及Na+、K+吸收和分布的影响[J].林业科学研究,2013,26(6):790-794.
[22]Maathuis F J M,Amtmann A.K+nutrition and Na+toxicity:The basis of cellular K+/Na+ratios[J].Annuals of Botany,1999,84(2):123-133.
[23]Ding L,Zhu J K.Reduced Na+uptake in the Na Cl hypersensitive sosl mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana[J].Plant Physiology,1997,113:795-799.
[24]颜路明,郭祥泉.盐碱胁迫对香樟K+、Na+吸收与分配的影响[J].土壤,2015,47(6):1176-1180.
[25]张美月,陶秀娟,樊建民,等.磷和丛枝菌根真菌对盐胁迫草莓光合作用的影响[J].河北农业大学学报,2009,32(4):71-75.
[26]Richard H N,Robert A C.Interactive effects of salinity and phosphorus nutrition on the concentrations of phosphate and phosphate esters in mature photosynthesizing corn leaves[J].Plant Physiology,1976,57:157-161.
[27]Cengiz K,Bekir E A,David H.Response of salt stressed strawberry plants to supplementary calcium nitrate and/or potassium nitrate[J].Plant Nutral,2003,26(3):543-560.
[28]Vu D T,Tang C,Armstrong R D.Tillage system affects phosphorus form and depth distribution in three contrasting Victorian soils[J].Australian Journal of Soil Research,2009,47(1):33-45.
[29]夏晓,刘乐平,陈春芳.磷胁迫对樟幼苗根系形态的影响[J].湖北林业科技,2011,172(6):31-34.
[30]吴欲晃.低磷胁迫对香樟土壤酶活性的影响研究[J].山东林业科技,2012(1):5-7.
[31]Tyburski J,Dunajska-Ordak K,Skorupa M,et al.Role of ascorbate in the regulation of the Arabidopsis thaliana root growth by phosphate availability[J].Journal of Botany,2012,2012:1-11.
[32]金亚波,韦建玉,王军.植物铁营养研究进展Ⅰ:生理生化[J].安徽农业科学,2007,35(32):10215-10219.
[33]韩浩章,王晓立,刘宇,等.香樟黄化病现状分析及其治理研究[J].北方园艺,2010(13):232-235.
[34]李利敏,吴良欢,马国瑞.喷施铁肥对黄化樟树叶片营养状况的影响[J].福建林学院学报,2009,29(4):368-373.
[2]华芳,李利敏,吴良欢,等.磷酸根和碳酸氢根浓度对樟树幼苗铁吸收的影响[J].浙江农业学报,2009,21(2):173-177.
[3]刘梅,郑青松,刘兆普,等.盐胁迫下氮素形态对油菜和水稻幼苗离子运输和分布的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2015,21(1):181-189.
[4]陈超燕,刘洪剑,束庆龙,等.影响市区樟树黄化病的主要因素研究[J].林业科学研究,2008,21(5):625-629.
[5]许惠.生理黄化香樟的叶片养分特征研究[J].安徽农学通报,2009,15(3):137-139.
[6]韩浩章,张颖,李素华,等.猴樟无土栽培营养液配方选择研究[J].安徽农学通报,2017,23(11):115-117.
[7]张韫.土壤、水、植物理化分析教程[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2011.
[8]赵建荣,樊卫国.氮素形态对川梨培养介质p H及根系生长发育的影响[J].山地农业生物学报,2005,24(2):128-130.
[9]刘春娜.落叶松幼苗对不同形态氮的营养反应[D].哈尔滨:东北林业大学,2010.
[10]王文静,高松洁,梁月丽,等.不同穗型小麦品种灌浆期碳氮代谢特点及其与源库的关系[J].华北农学报,2003,18(2):29-32.
[11]朱新开,严六零,郭文善,等.淮北稻茬超高产小麦碳氮代谢特征研究[J].麦类作物学报,2002,22(1):51-55.
[12]Haynes R J,Goh K M.Ammonium and nitrate nutrition of plants[J].Biological Reviews,1978,53(4):465-510.
[13]刘洋,李彩凤,洪鑫,等.盐碱胁迫对甜菜氮代谢相关酶活性及产量和含糖率的影响[J].核农学报,2015,29(2):397-404.
[14]张毅,石玉,胡晓辉,等.外源Spd对盐碱胁迫下番茄幼苗氮代谢及主要矿质元素含量的影响[J].应用生态学报,2013,24(5):1401-1408.
[15]张玉波,李玉萍.植物对不同氮营养生境的生理生态响应[J].林业科技情报,2014,46(4):1-6.
[16]Speer M,Brune A,Kaiser W M.Replacement of nitrate by ammonium as the nitrogen source increases the salt sensitivity of pea plants.Ⅰ.Ion concentrations in roots and leaves[J].Plant Cell&Environment,1994,17(11):1215-1221.
[17]Gadallah M A.Effects of proline and glycinebetaine on Vicia faba responses to salt stress[J].Plant Biology,1999,42(2):249-257.
[18]Ali A A,Armin M,Asghrpour M R,et al.Effects of different forms of nitrogen application on yield response of corn under saline conditions[J].Advances in Environmental Biology,2011,5(4):719-724.
[19]Francois L E,Donovan T J,Maas E V,et al.Effect of salinity on grain yield and quality,vegetable growth and germination of triticale[J].Agronomy Joural,1988,80(4):642-647.
[20]Shinozaki K,Dennis E S.Regulation of ion homeostasis under salt stress[J].Current Opinion in Plant Biology,2003,6(5):441-445.
[21]刘军,徐金良,邹军,等.盐胁迫对红楠幼苗生长及Na+、K+吸收和分布的影响[J].林业科学研究,2013,26(6):790-794.
[22]Maathuis F J M,Amtmann A.K+nutrition and Na+toxicity:The basis of cellular K+/Na+ratios[J].Annuals of Botany,1999,84(2):123-133.
[23]Ding L,Zhu J K.Reduced Na+uptake in the Na Cl hypersensitive sosl mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana[J].Plant Physiology,1997,113:795-799.
[24]颜路明,郭祥泉.盐碱胁迫对香樟K+、Na+吸收与分配的影响[J].土壤,2015,47(6):1176-1180.
[25]张美月,陶秀娟,樊建民,等.磷和丛枝菌根真菌对盐胁迫草莓光合作用的影响[J].河北农业大学学报,2009,32(4):71-75.
[26]Richard H N,Robert A C.Interactive effects of salinity and phosphorus nutrition on the concentrations of phosphate and phosphate esters in mature photosynthesizing corn leaves[J].Plant Physiology,1976,57:157-161.
[27]Cengiz K,Bekir E A,David H.Response of salt stressed strawberry plants to supplementary calcium nitrate and/or potassium nitrate[J].Plant Nutral,2003,26(3):543-560.
[28]Vu D T,Tang C,Armstrong R D.Tillage system affects phosphorus form and depth distribution in three contrasting Victorian soils[J].Australian Journal of Soil Research,2009,47(1):33-45.
[29]夏晓,刘乐平,陈春芳.磷胁迫对樟幼苗根系形态的影响[J].湖北林业科技,2011,172(6):31-34.
[30]吴欲晃.低磷胁迫对香樟土壤酶活性的影响研究[J].山东林业科技,2012(1):5-7.
[31]Tyburski J,Dunajska-Ordak K,Skorupa M,et al.Role of ascorbate in the regulation of the Arabidopsis thaliana root growth by phosphate availability[J].Journal of Botany,2012,2012:1-11.
[32]金亚波,韦建玉,王军.植物铁营养研究进展Ⅰ:生理生化[J].安徽农业科学,2007,35(32):10215-10219.
[33]韩浩章,王晓立,刘宇,等.香樟黄化病现状分析及其治理研究[J].北方园艺,2010(13):232-235.
[34]李利敏,吴良欢,马国瑞.喷施铁肥对黄化樟树叶片营养状况的影响[J].福建林学院学报,2009,29(4):368-373.