管道全位置自动焊的研究现状及展望
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摘要
管道全位置自动焊是一种近几年发展比较快的管道现场焊接技术。本研究从全位置自动焊的分类出发,分别介绍了全位置氩弧焊、全位置熔化极气体保护焊、全位置高能束焊和激光复合焊的成形原理、适用范围及优缺点,并对以上焊接方法进行了总结对比。在此基础上展望了管道全位置自动焊接未来的发展方向:高精度的传感器的研究、焊缝成形机理研究以及高能束焊接方法的在管道全位置焊接的应用是今后研究的热点;等离子弧焊接是管道全位置焊接未来的发展方向之一;钛及钛合金等有色金属的全位置自动焊技术也是未来的发展方向之一。
The all-position automatic welding is a kind of pipeline site welding technology and develops rapidly in recent years. The forming principle,scope of application and advantages and disadvantages of all-position TIG welding,all-position metal gas arc welding,all-position high-energy beam welding and laser-hybrid welding are systematically introduced,as well as above welding methods are summarized and compared. The future development direction of all-position automatic welding for pipeline is prospected:the research of high precision sensor,the mechanism of the appearance of weld and the application of high-energy beam welding method in the all-position welding of pipeline will be the focus in future;plasma arc welding is one of future development directions of pipeline all-position automatic welding;all-position automatic welding technology for nonferrous metals such as titanium and titanium alloys is also one of future development directions.
The all-position automatic welding is a kind of pipeline site welding technology and develops rapidly in recent years. The forming principle,scope of application and advantages and disadvantages of all-position TIG welding,all-position metal gas arc welding,all-position high-energy beam welding and laser-hybrid welding are systematically introduced,as well as above welding methods are summarized and compared. The future development direction of all-position automatic welding for pipeline is prospected:the research of high precision sensor,the mechanism of the appearance of weld and the application of high-energy beam welding method in the all-position welding of pipeline will be the focus in future;plasma arc welding is one of future development directions of pipeline all-position automatic welding;all-position automatic welding technology for nonferrous metals such as titanium and titanium alloys is also one of future development directions.
引文
[1]冯星安.管道建设和焊接技术的现状与发展前景[J].石油工程建设,2002,28(6):1-5.
[2]陈国余,董文宁.全位置自动管板焊系统在电建冷凝器制造中的应用[J].电焊机,2005,35(8):5-6.
[3]岳建锋,李亮玉,姜旭东,等.全位置MAG焊缝成形控制技术及研究进展[J].中国机械工程,2012,23(10):126-129.
[4]姚宏忠.全位置脉冲TIG焊在管子焊接中的应用[J].焊接技术,1995(3):22-23.
[5]姚寿铭.碳钢管道全位置自动TIG焊[J].电焊机,2011,41(12):53-56.
[6]冯英超.核电站TIG全位置自动焊打底工艺分析[J].电焊机,2012,42(2):57-61.
[7]刘秀春,亓安芳,李忠杰.全位置TIG对接焊机工艺试验研究[J].锅炉技术,2006,37(5):52-54.
[8]石凯,奚运涛,周勇,等.小口径钢管全位置脉冲TIG焊的成形控制及组织调控[J].焊管,2004,27(1):21-24.
[9]奚运涛,樊明锋,张振永.小口径钢管全位置脉冲TIG多层焊的组织分析[J].焊接,2005(8):31-33.
[10]刘凤尧,杨春利,林三宝,等.活性化TIG焊熔深增加机理的研究[J].金属学报,2003,39(6):661-665.
[11]吴军,方建筠,许远秦.20#钢管全位置A-TIG焊接接头组织及性能的研究[J].新技术新工艺,2010(1):85-86.
[12]方建筠,吴军.TP304不锈钢钢管环焊缝的A-TIG焊接研究[J].新技术新工艺,2010(5):118-120.
[13]冷小冰,张瑞华,王海涛,等.A-TIG焊在核电管道全位置焊接中的应用[J].电焊机,2009,39(8):14-16.
[14]张瑞华,王海涛,王荣,等.低碳钢管子全位置A-TIG焊接法[J].焊接学报,2010,31(6):13-16.
[15]刘观辉,易耀勇,刘美华,等.304N2不锈钢管全位置ATIG焊接工艺[J].电焊机,2014,44(7):6-11.
[16]刘观辉,易耀勇,盛安,等.不同焊接模式对不锈钢全位置A-TIG焊接工艺的影响[J].电焊机,2015,45(3):18-23.
[17]徐祥久,张宇,黄超,等.大口径厚壁钢管全位置窄间隙热丝TIG焊技术[J].机械制造文摘-焊接分册,2016(4):24-27.
[18]陈炯.STT型CO2焊在全位置焊中的应用[J].电焊机,2005,35(1):57-59.
[19]唐德渝,冯标,李春润,等.管道全位置自动封底焊设备及工艺研究[J].电焊机,2006,36(9):37-42.
[20]唐德渝,冯标,李春润,等.管道全位置自动封底焊技术研究[J].石油工程建设,2006,32(1):50-54.
[21]Tang D Y,Feng B,Li C R,et al.Study on the all-position back sealing welding of pipeline[J].Electric Welding Machine,2006,36(9):37-42.
[22]Tang D Y,Feng B,Li C R,et al.Study on the all position automatic pipeline backing weld machine[J].Engineering Sciences,2008,6(2):55-60.
[23]陈树君,卢振洋,任福深,等.管道全位置自动焊机的专用电源及焊接工艺[J].焊接学报,2009,30(2):13-16.
[24]Koga S,Inuzuka M,Nagatani H,et al.Study of all position electron beam welding process for pipeline joints[J].Science&Technology of Welding&Joining,2013,5(2):105-112.
[25]Wykes M,Punshon C,Jones L,et al.All-position reduced pressure electron beam welding for large fusion containment vessels[J].Fusion Engineering&Design,2001,58(1):793-796.
[26]Cho M H,Farson D,Lim Y C,et al.Hybrid laser/arc welding process for controlling bead profile[J].Science&Technology of Welding&Joining,2007,12(8):677-688.
[27]曾惠林,王新升,檀朝彬,et al.Pipeline all-position laser electric arc hybrid welding safety monitoring device:CN,CN 203509365 U[P].2014.
[28]曾惠林,皮亚东,王新升,等.长输管道全位置激光-电弧复合焊接技术[J].焊接学报,2012,33(11):110-112.
[29]雷正龙,杨雨禾,李福泉,等.X70钢管道全位置激光-MAG电弧复合根焊焊缝成形试验研究[J].中国激光,2015,42(4):43-49.
[30]姜庆源.窄间距管子对接全位置等离子弧焊接试验[J].焊接,1981(4):14-18.
[31]Haneda M,Imanaga S,Araya T,et al.Study on all-position plasma keyhole welding[J].Journal of the Japan Welding Society,1986,4(2):300-305.
[32]Yamade T,Watahiki S,Sakuma Y,et al.Method of and apparatus for automatically conducting all position plasma welding of pipes:Indian Society of Soil Science,Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry,US4788409[P].1988.
[2]陈国余,董文宁.全位置自动管板焊系统在电建冷凝器制造中的应用[J].电焊机,2005,35(8):5-6.
[3]岳建锋,李亮玉,姜旭东,等.全位置MAG焊缝成形控制技术及研究进展[J].中国机械工程,2012,23(10):126-129.
[4]姚宏忠.全位置脉冲TIG焊在管子焊接中的应用[J].焊接技术,1995(3):22-23.
[5]姚寿铭.碳钢管道全位置自动TIG焊[J].电焊机,2011,41(12):53-56.
[6]冯英超.核电站TIG全位置自动焊打底工艺分析[J].电焊机,2012,42(2):57-61.
[7]刘秀春,亓安芳,李忠杰.全位置TIG对接焊机工艺试验研究[J].锅炉技术,2006,37(5):52-54.
[8]石凯,奚运涛,周勇,等.小口径钢管全位置脉冲TIG焊的成形控制及组织调控[J].焊管,2004,27(1):21-24.
[9]奚运涛,樊明锋,张振永.小口径钢管全位置脉冲TIG多层焊的组织分析[J].焊接,2005(8):31-33.
[10]刘凤尧,杨春利,林三宝,等.活性化TIG焊熔深增加机理的研究[J].金属学报,2003,39(6):661-665.
[11]吴军,方建筠,许远秦.20#钢管全位置A-TIG焊接接头组织及性能的研究[J].新技术新工艺,2010(1):85-86.
[12]方建筠,吴军.TP304不锈钢钢管环焊缝的A-TIG焊接研究[J].新技术新工艺,2010(5):118-120.
[13]冷小冰,张瑞华,王海涛,等.A-TIG焊在核电管道全位置焊接中的应用[J].电焊机,2009,39(8):14-16.
[14]张瑞华,王海涛,王荣,等.低碳钢管子全位置A-TIG焊接法[J].焊接学报,2010,31(6):13-16.
[15]刘观辉,易耀勇,刘美华,等.304N2不锈钢管全位置ATIG焊接工艺[J].电焊机,2014,44(7):6-11.
[16]刘观辉,易耀勇,盛安,等.不同焊接模式对不锈钢全位置A-TIG焊接工艺的影响[J].电焊机,2015,45(3):18-23.
[17]徐祥久,张宇,黄超,等.大口径厚壁钢管全位置窄间隙热丝TIG焊技术[J].机械制造文摘-焊接分册,2016(4):24-27.
[18]陈炯.STT型CO2焊在全位置焊中的应用[J].电焊机,2005,35(1):57-59.
[19]唐德渝,冯标,李春润,等.管道全位置自动封底焊设备及工艺研究[J].电焊机,2006,36(9):37-42.
[20]唐德渝,冯标,李春润,等.管道全位置自动封底焊技术研究[J].石油工程建设,2006,32(1):50-54.
[21]Tang D Y,Feng B,Li C R,et al.Study on the all-position back sealing welding of pipeline[J].Electric Welding Machine,2006,36(9):37-42.
[22]Tang D Y,Feng B,Li C R,et al.Study on the all position automatic pipeline backing weld machine[J].Engineering Sciences,2008,6(2):55-60.
[23]陈树君,卢振洋,任福深,等.管道全位置自动焊机的专用电源及焊接工艺[J].焊接学报,2009,30(2):13-16.
[24]Koga S,Inuzuka M,Nagatani H,et al.Study of all position electron beam welding process for pipeline joints[J].Science&Technology of Welding&Joining,2013,5(2):105-112.
[25]Wykes M,Punshon C,Jones L,et al.All-position reduced pressure electron beam welding for large fusion containment vessels[J].Fusion Engineering&Design,2001,58(1):793-796.
[26]Cho M H,Farson D,Lim Y C,et al.Hybrid laser/arc welding process for controlling bead profile[J].Science&Technology of Welding&Joining,2007,12(8):677-688.
[27]曾惠林,王新升,檀朝彬,et al.Pipeline all-position laser electric arc hybrid welding safety monitoring device:CN,CN 203509365 U[P].2014.
[28]曾惠林,皮亚东,王新升,等.长输管道全位置激光-电弧复合焊接技术[J].焊接学报,2012,33(11):110-112.
[29]雷正龙,杨雨禾,李福泉,等.X70钢管道全位置激光-MAG电弧复合根焊焊缝成形试验研究[J].中国激光,2015,42(4):43-49.
[30]姜庆源.窄间距管子对接全位置等离子弧焊接试验[J].焊接,1981(4):14-18.
[31]Haneda M,Imanaga S,Araya T,et al.Study on all-position plasma keyhole welding[J].Journal of the Japan Welding Society,1986,4(2):300-305.
[32]Yamade T,Watahiki S,Sakuma Y,et al.Method of and apparatus for automatically conducting all position plasma welding of pipes:Indian Society of Soil Science,Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry,US4788409[P].1988.