皮尔格冷轧无缝钢管成形过程组织演变过程研究
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摘要
皮尔格冷轧技术作为冷轧无缝金属管材最主要的技术手段,具有材料利用率高、截面累积变形量大及加工精度高等特点,以LG–60皮尔格冷轧管机轧制304不锈钢为研究对象建立数值仿真模型,分析不同轧制工艺参数对皮尔格冷轧成形的影响规律。结合轧制实验,截取管材不同的变形段利用金相显微镜、扫描电镜以及X射线衍射仪分析研究了皮尔格冷轧过程中钢管组织演变规律,结果表明:本文所使用工艺参数条件均可以满足管材的塑性变形要求,但在轧制过程中极有可能形成裂纹或其他缺陷。因此通过对皮尔格冷轧仿真过程中轧制力、管材等效应力、残余应力以及外径回弹量等关键参数分析,获得基于送进量、回转角和Q值最优工艺参数,同时,发现轧制过程中随着变形量的增大,试样内部产生了大量位错,晶粒发生了碎化,晶粒尺寸减小,轧制过程中有奥氏体γ相转变为-马氏体相。
Pilger cold rolling technology,as the most important technical means of cold-rolled seamless metal tube,has the characteristics of high material utilization,large cross sectional deformation and high machining accuracy 304 stainless steel rolled by LG–60 pilger mill was taken as the object of study and a numerical simulation model was established.With metallographic microscope,scanning electron microscope and X ray diffractometer,the evolution of the organization in the process of cold rolling steel was analyzed from the different deformation segments of the pipe.The results showed that the technological parameters can meet the requirements of plastic deformation of the tube.But in the rolling process,it is likely to form cracks or other defects during rolling.Therefore,key parameters such as rolling force,tube equivalent stress and residual stress during cold rolling simulation of pilger were analyzed and obtained.The optimal process parameters based on feed volume,back angle and Q value were obtained.It was also found that a large amount of dislocations were produced in the sample during the rolling process.The grain was broken and the size decreased.In the process of rolling,there was the transformation of austenite phase to alpha-martensite phase.
Pilger cold rolling technology,as the most important technical means of cold-rolled seamless metal tube,has the characteristics of high material utilization,large cross sectional deformation and high machining accuracy 304 stainless steel rolled by LG–60 pilger mill was taken as the object of study and a numerical simulation model was established.With metallographic microscope,scanning electron microscope and X ray diffractometer,the evolution of the organization in the process of cold rolling steel was analyzed from the different deformation segments of the pipe.The results showed that the technological parameters can meet the requirements of plastic deformation of the tube.But in the rolling process,it is likely to form cracks or other defects during rolling.Therefore,key parameters such as rolling force,tube equivalent stress and residual stress during cold rolling simulation of pilger were analyzed and obtained.The optimal process parameters based on feed volume,back angle and Q value were obtained.It was also found that a large amount of dislocations were produced in the sample during the rolling process.The grain was broken and the size decreased.In the process of rolling,there was the transformation of austenite phase to alpha-martensite phase.
引文
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[19]Li H,Zhang H Q,Yang H,et al.Anisotropic and asymmetrical yielding and its evolution in plastic deformation:Titanium tubular materials[J].International Journal of Plasticity,2017,90:177-211.
[2]Lodej B,Niang K,Montmitonnet P.Accelerated 3D FEMcomputation of the mechanical history of the metal deformation in cold pilgering of tubes[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2006,177(1/2/3):188-191.
[3]Libura J.Mathematical model of tube cold rolling in pilger mill[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,1992,34(1/2/3/4):325-332.
[4]Ukai S,Mizuta S,Yoshitake S,et al.Tube manufacturing and characterization of oxide dispersion strengthened ferritic steels[J].Journal of Nuclear Materials,2000,283(1):702-706.
[5]Huang Liang,Xu Zhe,Dai Chun,et al.Three-dimensional FEsimulation of multi-strokes cold pilgering of TAl8 titanium alloy tube:I.Theoretical analysis,modeling and validation[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2013,42(3):524-529.[黄亮,徐哲,代春,等.TAl8钛合金管材多行程皮尔格冷轧过程三维有限元模拟:I理论解析、模型建立与验证[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2013,42(3):524-529.]
[6]Mulot S,Hacquin A,Montmitonnet P.A fully 3D finite element simulation of cold piligering[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,1996,60(4):505-512.
[7]Montmitionnet P,Loge R,Hamery M,et al.3D elastic-plastic finite element simulation of cold pilgering of zircaloy tubes[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2002,125(9):814-820.
[8]Harada M,Honda A,Toyoshima S.Simulation of cold pilgering process by a generalize plane strain FEM[J].ASTM Special Technical Publication,2006,14(67):233-247.
[9]Montmitonnet P,Farrugia D,Aubin J L.Internal surface roughness of cold pilgered zircaloy tubes[J].Wear,1992,152(2):327-342.
[10]Hideaki A,Takashi N,Yuuya K.Lubrication of tube in cold pilgering[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2014,214(8):1627-1637.
[11]Pociecha D,Boryczko B,Osika J,et al.Analysis of tube deformation process in a new pilger cold rolling process[J].Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering,2014,14(3):376-382.
[12]Yan Feifei.Pass design of LG730 cold-rolling pilger mill and its finite element simulation in the rolling process[D].Qinhuangdao:Yanshan University,2015.[闫菲菲.LG730冷轧管机孔型设计及其轧制过程仿真[D].秦皇岛:燕山大学,2015.]
[13]Zhou Xiaofang.Pass design of two-high cold rolling pilger mill[J].Forging&Stamping Technology,2012,37(3):55-58.[周小芳.二辊周期式轧管机孔型设计[J].锻压技术,2012,37(3):55-58.]
[14]Hideaki A,Munekatsu F.Method of evaluating workability in cold pilgering[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2012,212(8):1687-1693.
[15]Randall S N,Prieur H.Tubular production in the cold pilger machine[J].Iron Steel Engineering,1967,67(2):109-117.
[16]Hideaki A,Tetsuya I,Yoshiaki Y,et al.Dimensional accuracy of tubes in cold pilgering[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2016(1):277-287.
[17]Fan Tao.Research on three-roller cold rolling process of 302stainless steel tube[D].Shenyang:Shenyang Ligong University,2012.[范涛.302不锈钢管件三辊冷轧工艺研究[D].沈阳:沈阳理工大学,2012.]
[18]Liu Jianglin,Zeng Weidong,Du Zilong,et al.The influence rule of rolling process parameters on metal flow and forming load of TA18 alloy tube during cold rolling[J].Titanium Industry Progress,2015,32(3):21-25.[刘江林,曾卫东,杜子龙,等.冷轧工艺参数对TA18钛合金管材金属流动及成形载荷的影响规律[J].钛工业发展,2015,32(3):21-25.]
[19]Li H,Zhang H Q,Yang H,et al.Anisotropic and asymmetrical yielding and its evolution in plastic deformation:Titanium tubular materials[J].International Journal of Plasticity,2017,90:177-211.