蒲公英苗期盐胁迫反应及耐盐阈值的确定
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摘要
为筛选耐盐蒲公英品种,采用盆栽试验,分析不同盐分质量分数的滨海原土对蒲公英幼苗的生长发育及体内不同部位Na~+和K~+质量分数及K~+/Na~+的影响,通过相关性分析和回归分析,确定蒲公英幼苗期耐盐鉴定指标和耐盐阈值。结果表明,随着土壤盐分质量分数的增加,幼苗存活率、叶长、叶宽、叶片数、地上和地下干物质质量均有所下降,但较低盐分(0.2%)可促进幼苗生长;地上部Na~+和K~+质量分数及K~+/Na~+均与土壤盐分质量分数相关,而地下部这些指标与土壤盐分质量分数相关性不大;确定了蒲公英苗期耐盐鉴定指标为叶长,耐盐阈值为0.42%。
The theoretical basis was provided for selection of salt tolerant dandelion and utilization.Pot experiments were carried out to study the effects of coastal saline alkali soil on growth,the mass concentration of Na~+,K~+and K~+/Na~+in different parts of dandelion.Salt tolerance index and salt tolerance threshold at the seedling stage of dandelion were determined through correlation analysis and regression analysis.The results showed that the survival rate,leaf length,leaf width,leaf number,aboveground and underground dry mass of the seeding decreased with the increase of the soil salt mass fraction,but the lower salt mass fraction(0.2%)could promote the growth of seedling.The mass cocentratation of Na~+,K~+and K~+/Na~+were correlated with soil salt mass fraction in the aboveground but not in underground.The leaf length was determined as salt tolerance index and the 0.42% was salt tolerance threshold.
The theoretical basis was provided for selection of salt tolerant dandelion and utilization.Pot experiments were carried out to study the effects of coastal saline alkali soil on growth,the mass concentration of Na~+,K~+and K~+/Na~+in different parts of dandelion.Salt tolerance index and salt tolerance threshold at the seedling stage of dandelion were determined through correlation analysis and regression analysis.The results showed that the survival rate,leaf length,leaf width,leaf number,aboveground and underground dry mass of the seeding decreased with the increase of the soil salt mass fraction,but the lower salt mass fraction(0.2%)could promote the growth of seedling.The mass cocentratation of Na~+,K~+and K~+/Na~+were correlated with soil salt mass fraction in the aboveground but not in underground.The leaf length was determined as salt tolerance index and the 0.42% was salt tolerance threshold.
引文
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[15]谢英赞,何平,王朝英,等.外源Ca2+、SA、NO对盐胁迫下决明幼苗生理特性的影响[J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2013,35(3):36-43.XIE Y Z,HE P,WANG ZH Y,et al.The effects of exgeneous Ca2+,SA and NO on physiological traits of Cassia obtusifolia L.seedlings under NaCl stress[J].Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition),2013,35(3):36-43(in Chinese with English abstract).
[16]PARIDA A K,DAS A B,MITTRA B.Effects of salt on growth,ion accumulation,photosynthesis and leaf anatomy of the mangrove,Bruguiera parviflora[J].Trees,2004,18(2):167-174.
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[18]顾闽峰,王乃顶,王伟义,等.NaCl胁迫对结球甘蓝幼苗生长及体内离子分布的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2015,31(3):638-644.GU M F,WANG N D,WANG W Y,et al.Growth and ion distribution of NaCl-stressed Brassicaoleraceavar capitataseedlings[J].Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2015,31(3):638-644(in Chinese with English abstract).
[19]蔺海明,王龙强,贾恢先,等.盐地枸杞不同营养器官中盐离子分布规律[J].果树学报,2006,23(5):732-735.LIN H M,WANG L Q,JIA H X,et al.Salt distribution regularity of salt ion in Chinese wolfberry in different vegetative organs[J].Journal of Fruit Science,2006,23(5):732-735.
[20]景艳霞,袁庆华.NaCl胁迫对苜蓿幼苗生长及不同器官中盐离子分布的影响[J].草业学报,2011,20(2):134-139.JING Y X,YUAN Q H.Effects of salt stress on seedling growth of alfalfa(Medicago sativa)and ion distribution in different alfalfa organs[J].Acta Prat Aculturae Sinica,2011,20(2):134-139(in Chinese with English abstract).
[2]杨红梅,徐海量,牛俊勇.干旱区滴灌条件下防护林次生盐渍化土壤水盐运移规律研究[J].土壤学报,2010(5):1023-1027.YANG H M,XU H L,NIU J Y.Soil water and salt transport in seconday salinized soil under shel terbel tusing drip irrigation in arid zone[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2010(5):1023-1027(in Chinese with English abstract).
[3]周和平,徐小波,王少丽,等.盐碱地改良技术综述与-种新的研究模式展望[J].中国自然科学基金,2012,25(3):157.ZHOU H P,XU X B,WANG SH L,et al.Review of salinealkali land improvement techniques in china and prospects of a new approach[J].Bulletin of National Natural Science Foundation of China,2012,25(3):157(in Chinese with English abstract).
[4]赵可夫,张万钧,范海,等改良和开发利用盐渍化土壤的生物学措施[J].土壤通报,2001,32(S1):40-43.ZHAO K F,ZHANG W J,FAN H,et al.Biological measures for utilization and development of salinized soil[J].Chinese Journal of Soil Science,2001,32(S1):40-43(in Chinese with English abstract).
[5]陈华,李银心.蒲公英研究进展和用生物技术培育耐盐蒲公英展望[J].植物学通报,2004,21(1):19-25.CHEN H,LI Y X.Biotechnological breeding for salt tolerance of dandelion[J].Chinese Bulletin of Botany,2004,21(1):19-25(in Chinese with English abstract).
[6]姚琛,华春,周峰.盐碱滩涂植物资源筛选与利用[J].江苏农业科学,2013,41(10):357-358.YAO CH,HUA CH,ZHOU F.Screening and utilization of plant resources in saline alkali soil[J].Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences,2013,41(10):357-358(in Chinese with English abstract).
[7]张晓晖,林辰壹.新疆野生蒲公英对4种盐混合胁迫响应[J].新疆农业大学学报,2012,35(5):384-387.ZHANG X H,LIN CH Y.Responses of taraxacum mongolicum hand-mazz from Xinjiang to four salts mixed stress[J].Journal of Xinjiang Agricultureal University,2012,35(5):384-387(in Chinese with English abstract).
[8]张新果,李银心,陈华,等.药蒲公英耐1.5%NaCl变异体的筛选及特性分析[J].生物工程学报,2008,24(2):262-271.ZHANG X G,LI Y X,CHEN H,et al.Selection and identiifcation of salt tolerant vriants of Taxraeum offcinale[J].Chinese Jourrnal of Bioteehnology,2008,24(2):262-271(in Chinese with English abstract).
[9]张新果,陈显扬,姜丹,等.耐盐药蒲公英愈伤组织筛选及生理生化特性分析[J].生物工程学报,2008,24(7):1202-1209.ZHANG X G,CHEN X Y,JIANG D,et al.Selection and characterization of salt-tolerant calli of Taraxacum officinale[J].Chinese Jourrnal of Bioteehnology,2008,24(7):1202-1209(in Chinese with English abstract).
[10]冯昕,孙浩,王吉中,等.盐胁迫条件下蒲公英叶片蛋白的双向电泳及其图谱分析[J].食品科技,2013,38(5):108-111.FENG X,SUN H,WANG J ZH,et al.2-DE Method and proteomic pattern analysis in Taraxacum mongolicum leaves under salt stress[J].Food Science and Technology,2013,38(5):108-111(in Chinese with English abstract).
[11]夏尚光,张金池,梁淑英.NaCl胁迫对3种榆树幼苗生理特性的影响[J].河北农业大学学报,2008,31(2):52-56.XIA SH G,ZHANG J CH,LIANG SH Y.Effect of NaCl stress on physiological characteristics of three elm species seedlings[J].Journal of Agricultural University of Hebei,2008,31(2):52-56(in Chinese with English abstract).
[12]尤佳,王文瑞,卢金,等.盐胁迫对盐生植物黄花补血草种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J].生态学报,2012,32(12):3825-3833.YOU J,WANG W R,LU J,et al.Effects of salinity on seed germination and seedling growth in halophyte Limonium aureum(L.)Hill[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2012,32(12):3825-3833(in Chinese with English abstract).
[13]王家源.苦楝种苗耐盐胁迫的生理响应机制研究[D].南京:南京林业大学,2013(in Chinese with English abstract).WANG J Y.Studies on salt-tolerant mechanism of seeds and seedlings in Melia azedarach L.[D].Nanjing:Nanjing Forestry University,2013(in Chinese with English abstract).
[14]王宝山.逆境植物生物学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2010:209-215.WANG B SH.Adversity Plant Biology[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2010:209-215(in Chinese).
[15]谢英赞,何平,王朝英,等.外源Ca2+、SA、NO对盐胁迫下决明幼苗生理特性的影响[J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2013,35(3):36-43.XIE Y Z,HE P,WANG ZH Y,et al.The effects of exgeneous Ca2+,SA and NO on physiological traits of Cassia obtusifolia L.seedlings under NaCl stress[J].Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition),2013,35(3):36-43(in Chinese with English abstract).
[16]PARIDA A K,DAS A B,MITTRA B.Effects of salt on growth,ion accumulation,photosynthesis and leaf anatomy of the mangrove,Bruguiera parviflora[J].Trees,2004,18(2):167-174.
[17]WEI W,BILSBORROW P E,HOOLEY P,et al.Salinity induced differences in growth,ion distribution and partitioning inbarley between the cultivar Maythorpe and its derived mutant golden promise[J].Plant and Soil,2003,250(2):183-191.
[18]顾闽峰,王乃顶,王伟义,等.NaCl胁迫对结球甘蓝幼苗生长及体内离子分布的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2015,31(3):638-644.GU M F,WANG N D,WANG W Y,et al.Growth and ion distribution of NaCl-stressed Brassicaoleraceavar capitataseedlings[J].Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2015,31(3):638-644(in Chinese with English abstract).
[19]蔺海明,王龙强,贾恢先,等.盐地枸杞不同营养器官中盐离子分布规律[J].果树学报,2006,23(5):732-735.LIN H M,WANG L Q,JIA H X,et al.Salt distribution regularity of salt ion in Chinese wolfberry in different vegetative organs[J].Journal of Fruit Science,2006,23(5):732-735.
[20]景艳霞,袁庆华.NaCl胁迫对苜蓿幼苗生长及不同器官中盐离子分布的影响[J].草业学报,2011,20(2):134-139.JING Y X,YUAN Q H.Effects of salt stress on seedling growth of alfalfa(Medicago sativa)and ion distribution in different alfalfa organs[J].Acta Prat Aculturae Sinica,2011,20(2):134-139(in Chinese with English abstract).